scholarly journals Belief Beyond Belief: On Fashwave’s Esoteric Future Past

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-178
Author(s):  
Marc Tuters
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Western Culture ◽  
New Right ◽  
Alternative Theory ◽  
Cultural Imaginary ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Aesthetic

This essay looks at the use of vernacular web culture by the new right. Specifically it focuses on how, in recent years, the new right appropriated a genre of web aesthetics known as ‘vapourwave’ to create the sub-genre of ‘fashwave’. Like vapourwave before it, fashwave taps into web cultural imaginary that is nostalgic for an imagined ‘cyberpunk’ past future — but while the former has been the subject of a monograph (Tanner 2016), very little has yet been written on the latter. Largely ignored within mainstream popular culture, these ‘—wave’ aesthetics flourish on the ‘deep vernacular web’ (de Zeeuw & Tuters 2019) of imageboards and web fora. As trivial as many fashwave memes may appear, this paper argues that they can be understood as the aesthetic manifestations of a contemporary renaissance in esoteric “traditionalism” — a discourse that posits an alternative theory of western culture, and which was influential on 20th century ideologues. The essay argues that fashwave transposes traditionalism’s fantasy of imagined past glories into an imagined future — one that is informed by the vapourwave’s distinctly vernacular nostalgia for masculine cyberpunk aesthetics. 

Twenty-Five Centuries of Debate

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Thomas Boraud
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Popular Culture ◽  
Bounded Rationality ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Western Culture ◽  
Exploratory Behaviour ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

This chapter traces the history of decision-making and rationality in Western culture. Despite the fact that the concept of rationality has been tackled by philosophers since early Greek antiquity, it only really emerged in popular culture after the Middle Ages. The science of rationality culminated in the twentieth century with the axiomatization of preferences and theories of decision-making development by economists. Ultimately, psychologists and economists agree that the concept of rationality is relative. To summarize: when a subject decides, they do not usually optimize choice. For behaviourists, explanation is to be found in exploratory behaviour: evolutionary pressure has selected behaviours that anticipate possible changes in environmental conditions. The subject (animal or human) exchanges some immediate efficacy against information which may serve him later. For economists, the answer is more complex. It is a combination of the inability to understand all of the options relating to the problem (bounded rationality) associated with biases that cloud judgement.

Zagubione w Austen: Duma i uprzedzenie w postmodernistycznej odsłonie – między parodią a nostalgią

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2 (465)) ◽  
pp. 151-160
Author(s):  
Urszula Terentowicz-Fotyga
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Literary Theory ◽  
Jane Austen ◽  
Original Novel ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Pride And Prejudice ◽  
Romance Convention ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Rich

The article analyses an ITV series Lost in Austen (2008), directed by Dan Zeff, as an example of postmodern play with Pride and Prejudice. Moving the contemporary heroine to the imaginary, textual sphere, the movie compares the reality of the 19th and the 21st century, emphasizing the visibly different positions of women. It not only “rewrites” the course of events, but also makes the tensions (which were previously silenced by the romance convention) more dynamic. Oscillating between the parody and nostalgia, Lost in Austen both continues and enriches Pride and Prejudice. Playful engagement with the original novel is the principal theme and motif of the series, but also the subject of its parodistic criticism. Lost in Austen engages both with the novel and with its 20th century reception. Moreover, by creative reinterpretation of the writer’s text, it shows the changing paradigms of the 20th century criticism and the cultural and literary theory. Highlighting the aspects of the novel important for the contemporary era, it initiates an interesting dialogue with the rich intertextual tapestry that contemporary popular culture weaved around Jane Austen.

Piktoriale Reflexivität–(Nach-)Denken über Bilder als Denken in Bildern

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-113
Author(s):  
Simone Mahrenholz
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Aesthetic Experience ◽  
The Self ◽  
States Of Affairs ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
20Th Century Art ◽  
Self Reference

Der Text untersucht, inwiefern wir von »bildlichem Denken« sprechen können, insbesondere mit Bezug auf Kunst: Denken in Bildern also statt allein in Worten. Er verbindet diese Frage mit dem Konzept der konstitutiven Reflexivität der Kunst. Hierfür werden drei Bedeutungen von ästhetischer Reflexivität unterschieden und zu einander in Bezug gesetzt (Teil I): Reflexivität der Kunst im Sinne des Bezugnehmens und damit des Thematisierens, Reflektierens von etwas außerhalb des Werks: der Welt und./.oder des Selbst (R1), ferner Reflexivität im Sinne des materialen Selbst-Rückbezugs des Werks auf Züge seiner selbst (R2) sowie Reflexivität im Sinne des Selbst-Rückbezugs in Form einer Transformation des Subjekts im Prozeß der künstlerischen Erfahrung (R3). Die nähere Erläuterung an Beispielen zeigt, daß und inwiefern diese drei Formen zwar immer interagierend präsent sind, jedoch in verschiedenen Epochen und Stilen mit deutlich unterschiedlichen Akzentuierungen (Teil II). Abschließend wird die These aufgestellt (Teil III), daß diese Folge von Reflexivitäts-Akzenten Entwicklungen in der Kunst des 20. Jahrhunderts spiegelt.<br><br>The text examines forms of »pictorial thinking«, in particular with regard to artworks: thinking »in pictures« as analogous to thinking in words. It relates this topic to the concept of reflexivity in art. Three forms of aesthetic reflexivity are distinguished and related to each other (part I): reflexivity in the sense of reflecting, thematizing states of affairs outside the work: the world and./.or the self (R1), second: reflexivity as material self-reference within the artwork (R2), third: reflexivity as transformation of the subject in the process of the aesthetic experience (R3). The subsequent elucidation makes evident, that these forms of reflexivity never occur alone, but interact. Nevertheless, depending on the epoch and style of the work in question, distinctive emphases and accentuations arise, one of which generally dominates the others: (part II). As an upshot, the text suggests that this succession of reflexivity-forms from R1 to R3 mirrors developments in 20th century art (part III).

Immigrant Arab Women in Chile during the Renaissance (Nahda), 1910s-1920s

1970 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Sarah Limorté
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
New World ◽  
Arab Women ◽  
Arab Woman ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 19Th Century

Levantine immigration to Chile started during the last quarter of the 19th century. This immigration, almost exclusively male at the outset, changed at the beginning of the 20th century when women started following their fathers, brothers, and husbands to the New World. Defining the role and status of the Arab woman within her community in Chile has never before been tackled in a detailed study. This article attempts to broach the subject by looking at Arabic newspapers published in Chile between 1912 and the end of the 1920s. A thematic analysis of articles dealing with the question of women or written by women, appearing in publications such as Al-Murshid, Asch-Schabibat, Al-Watan, and Oriente, will be discussed.

Planification: Potential and role in XXI century market economy

2016 ◽  
pp. 63-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Buzgalin ◽  
A. Kolganov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
New Economy ◽  
Real Socialism ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Planning Institutions

The authors, basing on a critical analysis of the experience of planning during the 20th century in a number of countries of Europe and Asia, and also on the lessons from the economics of "real socialism", set out to substantiate their conclusions on the advisability of "reloading" this institution. The aim is to create planning mechanisms, suited to the new economy, that incorporate forecasting, projections, direct and indirect selective regulation and so forth into integral programs of economic development and that set a vector of development for particular limited spheres of what remains on the whole a market economy. New planning institutions presuppose a supersession of the forms of bureaucratic centralism and a reliance on network forms of organization of the subject and process of planning.

John of Kronshtadt and Leo Tolstoy

2020 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 471-478
Author(s):  
Peter A. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Leo Tolstoy ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Common People ◽  
Religious Consciousness ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Main Components

The article provides a comparative analysis of the influence of L.N. Tolstoy and I.I. Sergiev (John of Kronstadt) on the formation of personal worldview in Russian society. The analysis is based on the testimonies of the contemporaries and the previously not reissued publication of “Novy Put” (“New Way”) journal on the subject. In the context of the declared problematics, special attention is paid to the question of transformation of religious consciousness in the course of the personality formation in relation to the period under consideration (the beginning of the 20th century). The author reveals and analyzes the main components of the life stand of Tolstoy and Father John of Kronstadt in the context of their influence on contemporaries. The results of the study allow to reveal the following antitheses that characterize Tolstoy and John of Kronstadt, respectively: doubt - faith, search for oneself – following the once chosen path, preaching of non-resistance as part of the philosophy of not-doing (not doing evil) – preaching of active upholding of faith (doing good), “simple living” – real life with and for common people.

LITERARY ROMANTICISM AS A THEORETICAL ISSUE

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Vera V. Serdechnaia ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Theoretical Issue ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

The article is devoted to the analysis of the concept of literary romanticism. The research aims at a refinement of the “romanticism” concept in relation to the history of the literary process. The main research methods include conceptual analysis, textual analysis, comparative historical research. The author analyzes the semantic genesis of the term “romanticism”, various interpretations of the concept, compares the definitions of different periods and cultures. The main results of the study are as follows. The history of the term “romanticism” shows a change in a number of definitions for the same concept in relation to the same literary phenomena. By the end of the 20th century, realizing the existence of significant contradictions in the content of the term “romanticism”, researchers often come to abandon it. At the same time, the steady use of the term “romanticism” testifies to the subject-conceptual component that exists in it, which does not lose its relevance, but just needs a theoretical refinement. Conclusion: one have to revise an approach to romanticism as a theoretical concept, based on the change in the concept of an individual in Europe at the end of the 18th century. It is the newly discovered freedom of an individual predetermines the rethinking for the image of the author as a creator and determines the artistic features of literary romanticism.

EXPLORING THE INTERNAL STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF THE ORGANIZATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Venelin Terziev ◽  
Marin Georgiev
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Professional Culture ◽  
Social Revolution ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
The Subject

The subject of this article is the genesis of the professional culture of personnel management. The last decades of the 20th century were marked by various revolutions - scientific, technical, democratic, informational, sexual, etc. Their cumulative effect has been mostly reflected in the professional revolution that shapes the professional society around the world. This social revolution has global consequences. In addition to its extensive parameters, it also has intensive ones related to the deeply-rooted structural changes in the ways of working and thinking, as well as in the forms of its social organization. The professional revolutions in the history of Modern Times stem from this theory.Employees’ awareness and accountability shall be strengthened. The leader must be able to formulate and bring closer to the employees the vision of the organization and its future goal, to which all shall aspire. He should pay attention not to the "letter" but to the "spirit" of this approach.

Arguments from Providence and from Miracles

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy McGrew
Keyword(s):  
Probability Theory ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Probabilistic Analysis ◽  
Interdisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
Formal Analysis ◽  
Empirical Science ◽  
The Subject

The mid-20th century consensus regarding Hume’s critique of reported miracles has broken down dramatically in recent years thanks to the application of probabilistic analysis to the issue and the rediscovery of its history. Progress from this point forward is likely to be made along one or more of three fronts. There is wide room for interdisciplinary collaboration, work that will bring together scholars with expertise in religion, psychology, philosophy, and empirical science. There is a great deal of work still to be done in formal analysis, making use of the tools of modern probability theory to model questions about testimony and inference. And the recovery and study of earlier works on the subject—works that should never have been forgotten—can significantly enrich our understanding of the underlying issues.

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