scholarly journals Comparative aspects of the internal reproductive system of males in species of Melolonthinae, Dynastinae, and Rutelinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) from Mexico

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Imelda Martinez-M. ◽  
Sara L. Rivera-Gasperín ◽  
Hortensia Carrillo-Ruiz ◽  
Miguel A. Morón
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Ejaculatory Duct ◽  
Reproductive Systems ◽  
Accessory Glands ◽  
Internal Genitalia ◽  
Ejaculatory Bulb

The anatomy of the internal male reproductive systems of 12 species of Melolonthinae (Phyllophaga, Chlaenobia, Macrodactylus, Isonychus), six species of Dynastinae (Cyclocephala), and three species of Rutelinae (Paranomala) (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea) of Mexico are described. A total of 350 male specimens representing 21 species were collected. From each species, the reproductive systems were obtained by micro-dissection, placed in a liquid fixative, stained, and drawn to scale. The internal genitalia of each species was described and compared among the species examined. The reproductive system of the Melolonthinae species is comprised of two testicles, each with six follicles, two deferent ducts, two accessory glands, two glandular ducts, an ejaculatory duct, and the aedeagus (not described for any of the species examined). The number of testicular follicles per testicle is as reported in different species of other Scarabaeoidea subfamilies. The length of the accessory glands and the ejaculatory duct varies in the species studied. The ejaculatory bulb is present in all of the species of Dynastinae and Rutelinae examined but in only three species of Melolonthinae.

The anatomy, histology, and physiology of the reproductive systems of Lytta nuttalli Say (Coleoptera: Meloidae). I. The internal genitalia

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Gerber ◽  
N. S. Church ◽  
J. G. Rempel
Keyword(s):  
Vas Deferens ◽  
Ejaculatory Duct ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Accessory Gland ◽  
Bursa Copulatrix ◽  
Reproductive Systems ◽  
Accessory Glands ◽  
Internal Genitalia ◽  
Spermathecal Gland ◽  
Colleterial Gland

The anatomy and histology of the male and female internal genitalia of Lytta nuttalli Say and the functions of the various organs during copulation and oviposition are described. In addition to the ovaries, lateral and common oviducts, and vagina, the female system includes a spermatophoral receptacle, accessory gland, and spermatheca. The most distinctive feature is the voluminous spermatophoral receptacle, which seems to be homologous with the bursa copulatrix of other Coleoptera, but serves to store and digest old spermatophores. The accessory gland is not a colleterial gland, but instead produces materials that probably are involved in the transfer of the spermatozoa into the spermatheca. The epithelia of the calyces and oviducts secrete the frothy, mucilaginous material that coats the eggs at oviposition. In the absence of a separate spermathecal gland, the epithelium of the spermatheca apparently has taken over its functions. The ovaries contain several hundred ovarioles of the telotrophic type. The chief structures of the male system are three pairs of accessory glands plus the testes, vasa deferentia, and ejaculatory duct. Each vas deferens consists of an enlarged portion that serves as an additional accessory gland and a narrow part, which is the seminal vesicle. Materials produced in the three pairs of accessory glands and the glandular portions of the vasa deferentia are used in spermatophore formation. The testes contain several hundred short sperm tubes similar to those of other insects. The arrangement, form, and functions of the internal reproductive organs of L. nuttalli are compared with those of other insects. Observations made on the reproductive systems of four species of Epicauta are also discussed in this context.

The male genitalia of Agathiphaga (Lepidoptera: Agathiphagidae) and the lepidopteran ground plan

1984 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels P. Kristensen
Keyword(s):  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Ejaculatory Duct ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
Ground Plan ◽  
Accessory Glands ◽  
Internal Genitalia ◽  
Genital Structure ◽  
Segment Viii

AbstractThe genital segments and internal genitalia of Agathiphaga vitiensis are described. Sternum VIII is anteriorly produced into blunt paired apophyses and posteriorly into a tongue-shaped lobe. Segment IX is a complete ring, very short in the dorsal and ventral midlines; its anterolateral lobes are largely apodemal. The long and curved gonopod ("valva") consists of a single piece. There is no median sclerite between the gonopod bases, but an open, softwalled "subgenital crypt" below the entrance of the phallocrypt may be homologous with the "median plate" in other primitive homoneurous moths. Tergum X bears a pair of broad "superior lobes" and the postgenital complex terminates in a medially intended, sclerotized "terminal lobe" above the eversible perianal area. The roof of the posterior part of the genital chamber bears a median aggregation of cuticular spines (the "spiny plate"), and a pair of smooth lateral sclerotizations ("presocii") tentatively attributed to venter X: a pair of setose sclerites (socii) are tentatively attributed to the paraprocts. The area bearing the spiny plate and presocii may in repose be folded down behind the phallus, thereby closing the phallocrypt. The phallus comprises a tubular phallotheca and an eversible aedeagus; the thick basal margen of the phallotheca is posteriorly expanded and forms the floor of the greater part of the phallocrypt; there is no ventral aedeagal branch. The musculature comprises two IX/X muscles, a segment IX muscle inserting on the subgenital crypt, phallic pro- and retractors (the former originating in the gonopod), intrinsic phallic muscles, a single segment IX muscle (adductor) to the gonopod and five intrinsic muscles of the postgenital complex. Each testis comprises four large, separate follicles. The spermatozoa do not remain grouped in discrete bundles in the vas deferens. Seminal vesicles are located on the vasa deferentia close to the testis and are doubtfully homologous with the vesicles in other Lepidoptera. The unpaired ejaculatory duct is very short. The evidence bearing on a reconstruction of the ground plan of the lepidopteran male genitalia is reviewed. Segment VIII was similar to the preceding segments. It is tentatively suggested that tergum and sternum IX were fused, that the gonopod was undivided and that a tubular, partly sclerotized aedeagus was present; deviations from these states within the order are therefore considered to be autapomorphic. The base of the aedeagus was probably surrounded by a short, collarlike phallotheca. It is suggested that there was a median sclerite between the gonopod bases, but the presence of discrete, paired and muscular "valvellae" in the lepidopteran ground plan is considered doubtful. It is further suggested that dorsum X bore a pair of lobes and that there were paired sclerotizations in venter X. The X/XI boundary is very difficult to trace. Seventeen muscle sets are ascribed to the lepidopteran ground plan; it is considered an autapomorphy of this ground plan that the phallic protractor originates within the gonopod. The testes presumably had large, separate follicles and there may have been two pairs of tubular accessory glands. The testes and the double set of accessory glands of Agathiphaga could be cited in support of a sistergroup relationship to all other Lepidoptera whereas the phallic structure (and possibly the "spiny plate") might support a sister group relationship to the Heterobathmiina. There is no support in male genital structure for a sistergroup relationship to the Heterobathmiina + Glossata; the latter phylogenetic hypothesis may be preferable on other grounds, however.

The anatomy and physiology of the morabine grasshoppers I. Digestive and reproductive systems

1966 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
RE Blackith ◽  
R.M. Blackith
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Posterior Segment ◽  
Cardiac Valve ◽  
Internal Anatomy ◽  
Reproductive Systems ◽  
Male Accessory Glands ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Accessory Glands ◽  
Anterior Segments ◽  
And Function

The grasshoppers of the subfamily Morabinae (Orthoptera: Eumastacidae) differ substantially from the better-known Acrididae in their internal anatomy. Two additional sets of diverticula are present on the gut. One set, of taxonomic interest in that some species have 12 diverticula whereas others have 18, issues from the midgut. Another set of six diverticula issues from the ileum and is brightly coloured according to the nature of the food in the gut. The gastric caeca, which in Acrididae have posterior and anterior segments, lack the posterior segment in morabines. The proventriculus differs in structure from the acridid type, having a cardiac valve of two flaps without V-shaped sclerotizations. The pyloric sphincter, however, has 12 V-shaped sclerotizations which are absent in acridids. The male accessory glands are long and generally unconvoluted. They can be classified according to appearance and function into eight distinct types. The female spermatheca is uniformly shaped throughout the Morabinae studied, but is relatively large compared with the spermatheca of acridids, and in morabines is larger than the few known spermathecae of other Eumastacidae. The number of ovarioles in each ovary is small (2-10, according to the species), and the tracheation of the internal reproductive system in both sexes differs considerably from the arrangement found in Acrididae.

Structure and development of the reproductive system of some species of Nematocera (order Diptera: suborder Nematocera)

1950 ◽  
Vol 234 (614) ◽  
pp. 339-396 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Reproductive Systems ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Typical Species ◽  
Accessory Glands ◽  
Efferent Ducts ◽  
The Common

The male and female reproductive systems in three typical species of Nematocera, order Diptera, representing the families of Chironomidae, Anisopidae and Mycetophilidae, have been studied and their development followed through the larva and pupa. A description has been given of the parts in each case in the imaginal fly, and as seen in development and a nomenclature of parts adopted in accordance with the homologies ascertained. In each case the basal plan is similar, but there is wide departure in the functional adaptations and form of the parts, so that without a study of the development the nature of some of the parts shown to be developmentally homologous would not be apparent. Briefly the reproductive system comprises in both sexes: ( a ) A primary reproductive system consisting of a pair of gonads in the sixth segment with mesodermal strands forming the primative mesodermal oviducts and vasa efferentia and linking the gonads with the ectodermal efferent ducts. ( b ) A secondary reproductive system of ectodermal origin which forms the greater part of both male and female efferent systems and which originates from hypodermal proliferative rudiments on the hypopygial segments and which may in various degrees replace by overgrowth the mesodermal ducts. ( c ) Appendicular parts forming in the male clasping organs (gonocoxites) and gonapophysial organs (paramere lobes) and also intersegmental inflexions and sclerotizations such as the atrium and vaginal apodeme in the female and the theca, penis sheath and, when present, an eversible sac or endotheca in the male. In the male recognizable homologous processes are the consecutive invaginations of the twin ejaculatory ducts and the median invagination of the penis tube, which later may be followed by a third intersegmental inflexion, that of the genital pouch excavating the penis and in Anisopus forming in its walls sclerotizations of the pompetta and piston apodeme. In the female are three recognizable invaginations, that taking origin from the eighth sternite rudiments, which conjointly by their peripodial cavity form the vagina with the spermathecal and later the common oviduct invaginations, and that from the conjoined hypodermal buds on the ninth sternite forming the caecus (the accessory glands).

The anatomy and histology of the internal reproductive organs of the sunflower beetle, Zygogramma exclamationis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 2542-2553 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Gerber ◽  
G. B. Neill ◽  
P. H. Westdal
Keyword(s):  
Ejaculatory Duct ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Accessory Gland ◽  
Bursa Copulatrix ◽  
Reproductive Systems ◽  
Accessory Glands ◽  
Basic Features

The anatomy and histology of the female and male internal reproductive organs of the sunflower beetle, Zygogramma exclamationis (F.), are described. The female system consists of a vagina, bursa copulatrix, common oviduct, lateral oviducts, spermatheca, spermathecal accessory gland, and ovaries. Twelve ovaries examined contained from 23 to 32 telotrophic ovarioles, the average being 27.3. The male system consists of a pair of bilobed testes, a pair of accessory glands, vasa deferentia, and an ejaculatory duct which is bifurcated at its anterior end. Three testes examined contained 34, 36, and 37 sperm tubes, respectively. The basic features of the reproductive systems of Z. exclamationis are similar to those of other Chrysomelidae.

scholarly journals Structure of the reproductive system of the sexual generation of the endemic Arctic species Acyrthosiphon svalbardicum and its temperate counterpart Acyrthosiphon pisum (Hemiptera, Aphididae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 1043-1053
Author(s):  
Karina Wieczorek ◽  
Dominik Chłond ◽  
Łukasz Junkiert ◽  
Piotr Świątek
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Ejaculatory Duct ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
High Electron ◽  
Accessory Glands

Abstract The Arctic aphids live briefly and must breed quickly to survive. Shortened life cycle, with only two generations: the stem mother and sexuales—oviparous females and males is an adaptation for optimal use of the short breeding period, which lasts from late July to the end of August. Using Acyrthosiphon svalbardicum, an endemic High Arctic aphid species, we describe the structure of the reproductive system of sexual morphs and compare with its temperate counterparts, in particular the model organism the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum. Generally, the histological composition and ultrastructure of reproductive system of sexuales of A. svalbardicum is broadly similar to the reproductive systems described already in other species of aphids. The unique characters include in both oviparous females and males an enormous layer of the fat body, adhering to the structures of the internal reproductive system. The greatly enlarged accessory glands of males accumulate a heterogenous secretion composed of irregularly organized bunches of spicule-like structures of high electron density embedded in fine and coarse granular material. This material, unknown among temperate counterparts of A. svalbardicum, during mating is transported from the accessory glands of the male to its ejaculatory duct, where it is mixed with the ejaculate, and then is transferred to the spermatheca of the oviparous female.

POSTEMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS OF THE PRAIRIE GRAIN WIREWORM, CTENICERA AERIPENNIS DESTRUCTOR (BROWN) (COLEOPTERA: ELATERIDAE)

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 753-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Y. Zachakuk
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Ejaculatory Duct ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
Postembryonic Development ◽  
Accessory Gland ◽  
Female Larva ◽  
Mesodermal Cell ◽  
Accessory Glands

In the male larva of Ctenicera aeripennis destructor (Brown), the reproductive system consists of paired mesodermal gonads situated in one of the second to fifth segments of the abdomen, an ectodermal genital capsule and paired mesodermal ampullae situated in the ninth segment of the abdomen, and a pair of mesodermal cell strands that connect the gonads to the ampullae. In the female larva, the reproductive system consists of paired mesodermal gonads situated similarly to those of the male, paired mesodermal ampullae situated at the posterior margin of the seventh segment, and a pair of mesodermal cell strands that connect the gonads to the ampullae. During the larval stage, prepupal period, and pupal stage, the gonads and cell strands of the male develop into testes and vasa deferentia, respectively, and those of the female, into ovaries and lateral oviducts, respectively. In the male, during the prepupal period and pupal stage, the ampullae develop into the paired spermatophoral and accessory glands and the seminal vesicles; the genital capsule develops into the ejaculatory duct and external genitalia. In the female, during the prepupal period and pupal stage, the ampullae develop into the common oviduct; the vagina forms from a groove in the ventral epidermis of the eighth and ninth abdominal segments; the uterus, spermatophoral receptacle, spermatheca, accessory gland, and its duct develop from invaginations in the vaginal groove in the eighth abdominal segment; the external genitalia develop from ridges on the sternal epidermis of the ninth abdominal segment.

scholarly journals The reproductive system of the male and oviparous female of a model organism—the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Hemiptera, Aphididae)

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Wieczorek ◽  
Mariusz Kanturski ◽  
Cezary Sempruch ◽  
Piotr Świątek
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Fluorescent Microscopy ◽  
Ejaculatory Duct ◽  
Pea Aphid ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Symbiotic Bacteria ◽  
Accessory Glands ◽  
Sexual Generation

The structure of the reproductive system of the sexual generation—males and oviparous females—of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (Hemiptera, Aphididae), a serious pest of cultivated plants of Fabaceae, was investigated. For the first time we describe the morphology, histology and ultrastructure of the reproductive system in both morphs of the sexual generation of aphids within one species, using light and fluorescent microscopy, as well as transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The results revealed that males have testes composed of three follicles fused by the upper ends of the vasa efferentia, the vasa deferentia run independently, the accessory glands are asymmetric and the ejaculatory duct shortened. Oviparous females have ovaries composed of seven ovarioles each. The lateral oviducts join to a short common oviduct connected with the unpaired spermatheca and paired accessory glands. Yolky eggs with an aggregation of symbiotic bacteria at the posterior pole are produced. Histologically, the components of genital tracts are broadly similar: the epithelial cells of the walls of the vasa deferentia and accessory glands of the male and oviparous female have secretory functions which correlate with the age of the studied morphs. We also found symbiotic bacteria within the vasa deferentia epithelial cells in males and within the cells of the lateral oviducts of females. Because the pea aphid is listed among the 14 species that are of the greatest economic importance, our results will be useful for managing aphid populations, protecting plants and ensuring global food security.

The systematic position of Chaitophorinae (Hemiptera, Aphidoidea) in the light of anatomy research

2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waclaw Wojciechowski ◽  
Karina Wieczorek
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Ejaculatory Duct ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Male Reproductive System ◽  
Taxonomic Position ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Accessory Glands ◽  
Paraffin Method

AbstractThe structure of the male reproductive system of 14 Chaitophorine species is discussed: Chaitophorus capreae, C. leucomelas, C. nassonovi, C. populeti, C. populialbae, C. salicti, C. salijaponicus niger, C. tremulae, C. truncatus, C. vittelinae, Sipha maydis, Periphyllus aceris, P. coracinus, P. lyropictus. All species, except Sipha maydis, which lives on Poacea (grasses), feed on trees of the families Aceraceae (maples) and Salicaceae (poplars and willows). On the basis of longitudinal sections, cross-sections (paraffin method) and total preparation, the following elements in the structure of the male reproductive system have been examined: the number of testis follicles and the stage of the spermatogenesis; the connection of follicles and vasa deferentia, the position and the histological structure of the wall of vasa deferentia; and the development accessory glands and ejaculatory duct. These characters were then used to supplement morphological data in order to verify the taxonomic position of Chaitophorinae.

scholarly journals Morphology and histology of the male reproductive system of Collaria oleosa (Distant, 1883) (Heteroptera: Miridae)

Bionatura ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1122-1125
Author(s):  
Mayra Vélez ◽  
Glenda Dias ◽  
Irina Morales ◽  
Raul N. C. Guedes ◽  
José Lino-Neto
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Vas Deferens ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Male Reproductive System ◽  
General Morphology ◽  
Accessory Glands ◽  
New Information ◽  
Ejaculatory Bulb

Collaria oleosa (Distant, 1883) is a phytophagous bug often observed causing injuries in wheat, barley, and oat crops, besides grass pastures. The male reproductive system of C. oleosa has been studied anatomically and histologically. It consists of a pair of testes, each one with two follicles, one pair of seminal vesicles, two pairs of external accessory glands, and an ejaculatory bulb. The testicular follicles exhibit cysts with spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids, and spermatozoa bundles. The testes are connected to the seminal vesicles by the vas deferens. The seminal vesicles are connected to the ejaculatory bulb and are bound by the accessory glands. In mirids belonging to the Stenodemini tribe, the general morphology of the male reproductive system is similar. However, two follicles per testis may be characteristic of the genus Collaria. The anatomy and histology of the male reproductive system in C. oleosa provides new information and also contributes to the understanding of the systematics of Stenodemini as well as the Miridae family in general.

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