Desigualdade social em doentes renais crônicos/ Social inequality in chronic renal patients

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Beatriz Bertolaccini Martínez ◽  
Fernanda Marcelino Da Silva ◽  
Vinícius Tavares Veiga ◽  
Rodrigo Pereira Custódio ◽  
José Vítor Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequality ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Access To Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Clinical Background

Introdução: A pobreza influencia na evolução dos pacientes com doenças crônicas, porque contribui para o seu agravamento e dificulta o acesso à assistência médica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os aspectos relacionados à desigualdade social de pacientes em hemodiálise. Métodos: Estudo transversal com 123 pacientes em hemodiálise no Hospital Samuel Libânio – Pouso Alegre, MG, divididos, de acordo com a classe econômica, em 3 grupos: AB (n=23), C (n=60) e DE (n=40),. Foram coletados dados sociodemográficos e econômicos, antecedentes clínicos e informações sobre o acesso a serviços de saúde. Para a análise dos resultados, foi utilizada estatística analítica e descritiva. Adotou-se p £ 0,05. Resultados: O grupo AB apresentou um menor número de pacientes jovens (4,3% em AB vs 40% em C e 25% em DE, p < 0,05), um maior número de indivíduos com mais anos de escolaridade (65,3% em AB vs 18,3% em C e 2,5% em DE; p < 0,05), predomínio de pacientes com menos de um ano em tratamento de hemodiálise (65,2% em AB vs 10% em C e 5% em DE, p < 0,05), menor número de usuários do SUS (40% em C e 25% em DE vs 4,3% em AB; p < 0,05) e maior acesso ao tratamento com nefrologista (73,9% em AB vs 46,7% em C e 52,5 em DE; p < 0,05). Conclusão: Classes economicamente desfavorecidas agregam indivíduos mais jovens, com menor escolaridade, usuários do SUS, com maior tempo em hemodiálise e pior acesso ao tratamento com nefrologista.Introduction: The poverty influence on the evolution of patients with chronic diseases because it contributes to your aggravation and hinders access to health care. Our goal was to evaluate the aspects related to social inequality on hemodialysis patients. Methods: cross-sectional study with 123 patients on hemodialysis in Samuel Libânio Hospital – Pouso Alegre, MG, divided according to the economic class, into 3 groups: AB (n = 23), C (n = 60) and DE (n = 40). Were collected socio-demographic and economic data, clinical background and information about access to health services. For analysis of the results has been used statistical analytical and descriptive. We take p £ 0,05.  Results: The AB group has fewer young patients (4,3% in AB vs 40% in C and 25% in DE, p< 0,05), a greater number of individuals with more years of schooling (65,3% in AB vs 18,3% in C and 2,5% in DE; p< 0,05), predominance of patients with less than a year on haemodialysis treatment (65,2% in AB vs 10% in C and 5% in DE, p< 0,05), smaller number of users of SUS (40% in C and 25% in DE vs 4,3% in AB; p< 0,05), greater access to treatment with nephrologist (73,9% in AB vs 46,7% in C and 52,5% in DE; p< 0,05). Conclusion: Economically disadvantaged classes bring younger patients, with less schooling, users of SUS, patients with greater time on hemodialysis and worse access to treatment with nephrologist. 

scholarly journals Vaccine Willingness and Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Women’s Perinatal Experiences and Practices—A Multinational, Cross-Sectional Study Covering the First Wave of the Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3367
Author(s):  
Michael Ceulemans ◽  
Veerle Foulon ◽  
Alice Panchaud ◽  
Ursula Winterfeld ◽  
Léo Pomar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Breastfeeding Support ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care And Support ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic may be of particular concern for pregnant and breastfeeding women. We aimed to explore their beliefs about the coronavirus and COVID-19 vaccine willingness and to assess the impact of the pandemic on perinatal experiences and practices. A multinational, cross-sectional, web-based study was performed in six European countries between April and July 2020. The anonymous survey was promoted via social media. In total, 16,063 women participated (including 6661 pregnant and 9402 breastfeeding women). Most responses were collected from Belgium (44%), Norway (18%) and the Netherlands (16%), followed by Switzerland (11%), Ireland (10%) and the UK (3%). Despite differences between countries, COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was identified among 40–50% of the respondents at the end of the first wave of the pandemic and was higher among pregnant women. Education level and employment status were associated with vaccine hesitancy. The first wave had an adverse impact on pregnancy experiences and disrupted access to health services and breastfeeding support for many women. In the future, access to health care and support should be maintained at all times. Evidence-based and tailored information on COVID-19 vaccines should also be provided to pregnant and breastfeeding women to avoid unfounded concerns about the vaccines and to support shared decision making in this population.

scholarly journals Undernutrition and associated factors in orphan children aged 6–59 months in Gambella Southwest, Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e045892
Author(s):  
Solomon Feleke ◽  
Gudina Egata ◽  
Firehiwot Mesfin ◽  
Gizachew Yilak ◽  
Abebaw Molla
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Orphaned Children ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Children Under 5

ObjectiveThe study aimed to assess the prevalence of stunting, wasting, underweight and associated factors in orphaned children under 5 years old.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingGambella City, Ethiopia.ParticipantsA sample of 419 under 5 orphaned children included in the study. Eligible households with orphans had selected using a systematic random sampling method. The lottery method was used when more than one eligible study participants live in the household. An OR with 95% CI was performed to measure the strength of association between each dependent variable and independent variables. Variables with p<0.05 were declared statistically significant.Primary outcomeThe main outcome of this study was the prevalence of undernutrition among orphaned under 5 and its associated factors.ResultsPrevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight in orphan children under 5 were 12.2%, 37.8% and 21.7%, respectively. The prevalnce of wasting peaks among age group of 36–47 months (42.5%), whereas underweight peaks in 48–59 months (27.7%). Food insecurity, wealth index, family size, vitamin A supplementation, diarrhoea, fever 2 weeks before the survey, children under 5 and parents’ death were associated with undernutrition.ConclusionThe prevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight among orphan children under 5 was significantly high. Multisectoral collaborative efforts towards access to health services, improving income-generating activities, micronutrient supplementation and social support and protection targeting orphan and vulnerable populations have to be built up.

Trends in access to health services and financial protection in China between 2003 and 2011: a cross-sectional study

The Lancet ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 379 (9818) ◽  
pp. 805-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qun Meng ◽  
Ling Xu ◽  
Yaoguang Zhang ◽  
Juncheng Qian ◽  
Min Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Financial Protection ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Access To Health

scholarly journals La realización del test diagnóstico para el VIH entre los participantes del carnaval

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-182
Author(s):  
Márcio Tadeu Ribeiro Francisco ◽  
Vinícius Rodrigues Fernandes Da Fonte ◽  
Carina D'Onofrio Prince Pinheiro ◽  
Monyque Évelyn Dos Santos Silva ◽  
Thelma Spindola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Chi Square Test

Objetivo: Identificar a adesão e descrever fatores associados à realização da testagem para o HIV entre os participantes do carnaval.Método: Estudo transversal realizado com 557 participantes. Os dados foram coletados com auxílio de um questionário. Foi realizada análise descritiva e empregado o teste qui-quadrado com nível de significância de 95%.Resultados: 66,2% já fizeram teste para o HIV alguma vez na vida, 54,2% realizaram nos últimos 12 meses e 83,8% nunca fizeram o teste rápido. Houve associação significativamente estatística (p <0.05) na realização do teste com as variáveis, sexo, faixa etária, relacionamento, pratica sexual com pessoa do mesmo sexo, cadastro em Unidades de Atenção Básica e conhecimento sobre serviços de saúde que realizem o teste gratuitamente.Conclusão: Questões sociais, culturais, de gênero e acesso a unidades de saúde tem se mostrado mais eficientes no estímulo para a realização da testagem do que a exposição a práticas sexuais de risco. Objetivo: Identificar la adhesión y describir factores asociados a la realización de la prueba diagnóstica para el VIH entre los participantes del carnaval.Método: Estudio transversal realizado con 557 participantes. Los datos fueron recolectados con ayuda de un cuestionario. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y se empleó la prueba chi-cuadrado con nivel de significancia del 95%.Resultados: 66,2% ya han hecho pruebas para el VIH alguna vez en la vida, el 54,2% se realizó en los últimos 12 meses y el 83,8% nunca hizo la prueba rápida. Se observó una asociación significativamente estadística (p<0.05) en la realización del test con las variables, sexo, edad, relación, práctica sexual con persona del mismo sexo, registro en Unidades de Atención Básica y conocimiento sobre servicios de salud que realizan el test gratuitamente.Conclusión: Cuestiones sociales, culturales, de género y acceso a unidades de salud se han mostrado más eficientes en el estímulo para la realización del test que la exposición a prácticas sexuales de riesgo. Objective: To identify adherence and to describe factors associated with realization HIV testing among carnival participants.Method: A cross-sectional study with 557 participants. Data were collected using a questionnaire. A descriptive analysis was performed and the chi-square test was used, with a significance level of 95%.Results: 66.2% have ever tested for HIV at any time in their lives, 54.2% have performed in the last 12 months and 83.8% have never taken the rapid test. There was a statistically significant association (p <0.05) in the test with the variables, gender, age group, relationship, sexual practice with the same sex, enrollment in Primary Care Units and knowledge about health services that performed the test free of charge.Conclusion: Social, cultural, gender, and access to health care issues have been shown to be more effective in stimulating testing than exposure to risky sexual practices.

scholarly journals Barriers and Facilitators to Accessing Health Services: A Qualitative Study Amongst People with Disabilities in Cameroon and India

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Zuurmond ◽  
Islay Mactaggart ◽  
Nanda Kannuri ◽  
Gudlavalleti Murthy ◽  
Joseph Oye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Access To Health

Background: Article 25 of the UNCRPD stipulates the right of people with disabilities to the highest attainable standard of health, and the timely uptake of appropriate health and rehabilitation services. This study seeks to explore the factors which influence access to health care among adults with disabilities in Cameroon and India. Methods: A total of 61 semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of adults with vision, hearing or musculoskeletal impairments, using data from an earlier cross-sectional disability survey. In addition, 30 key informants were interviewed to provide contextual information about the local services and context. Results: Key themes included individual-level factors, understanding and beliefs about an impairment, and the nature of the impairment and interaction with environmental factors. At the community and household level, key themes were family dynamics and attitudes, economic factors, social inclusion and community participation. Intersectionality with gender and age were cross-cutting themes. Trust and acceptability of health service providers in India and poor understanding of referral processes in both countries were key service-level themes. Conclusions: The interaction of environmental and personal factors with the impairment and their levels of participation and inclusion in community structures, all contributed to the take up of services. This study illustrated the need for a multi-faceted response to improve access to health services for people with disabilities.

scholarly journals Satisfaction with Access to Health Services: The Perspective of Estonian Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaja Põlluste ◽  
Riina Kallikorm ◽  
Kersti Meiesaar ◽  
Margus Lember
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Waiting Times ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Degree Of Satisfaction ◽  
Determinants Of Satisfaction

In this cross-sectional study we explained the possible determinants of satisfaction with access to health services in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Of the 2000 randomly selected Estonian adult patients with RA, a total 1259 completed the survey. Regression analysis was used to analyse the predictors of patients' satisfaction with access to health services. Half of the respondents were satisfied with their access to health services. Factors that had a negative impact on satisfaction included pain intensity, longer waiting times to see the doctors, as well as low satisfaction with the doctors. Transportation costs to visit a rheumatologist and higher rehabilitation expenses also affected the degree of satisfaction. Patients who could choose the date and time at which they could visit the rheumatologist or who could visit their “own” doctor were more likely to be satisfied than patients whose appointment times were appointed by a healthcare provider.

scholarly journals Polish Nurses’ Opinions on the Expansion of Their Competences—Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-310
Author(s):  
Kinga Harpula ◽  
Anna Bartosiewicz ◽  
Jerzy Krukowski
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Advanced Practice ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Survey Technique

The development of medical science creates new challenges for nurses to acquire new skills. Thanks to legal changes in Poland, nurses have gained the opportunity to independently provide health services in many areas, including consultations for patients. The aim of the survey is to analyze nurses’ opinions on the expansion of competences in their profession. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted among 798 nurses using the survey technique. The majority (65.48%) of the respondents believed that they were adequately prepared to take up new competences. Most of the respondents believed that the new competence would improve the efficiency of the healthcare system in Poland (71.06%) and facilitate patients’ access to health services (65.29%). According to the nurses, the scope of nursing advice will mainly concern the promotion of health education, wound treatment and prescribing medications. Age, seniority and education level significantly influenced the nurses’ opinions on the scope of nursing advice. The Mann–Whitney test and the Kruskal–Wallis test were used. A correlation between two quantitative variables was assessed with the Spearman’s rho coefficient. The significance level of p < 0.05 was assumed. The extension of the professional competences of nurses will increase the prestige of the profession and is another step toward introducing the role of Advanced Practice Nurse in Poland.

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