Anxiety and Poor Glycemic Control: A Meta-Analytic Review of the Literature

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan J. Anderson ◽  
Allison B. Grigsby ◽  
Kenneth E. Freedland ◽  
Mary De Groot ◽  
Janet B. McGill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Collective Data ◽  
Diagnostic Interviews ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: To determine whether anxiety is associated with poor glycemic control in adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Method: MEDLINE, PubMed, and PsycINFO databases were used to locate studies that measured the association of anxiety with glycemic control. Meta-analytic procedures were used to convert the findings to a common metric, compute effect sizes (ES), and statistically analyze the collective data. Results: The search procedures identified 12 studies, 11 (92 percent) of which satisfied the criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis. In this overall group, anxiety was not associated with glycemic control ( p = 0.19), although the ES was marginally statistically significant (ES = .09, 95 percent CI = 0.04 to 0.14). In studies that determined anxiety from diagnostic interviews, anxiety was associated with hyperglycemia ( p = 0.003) and the ES was also statistically significant (ES: 0.25, 95 percent CI = 0.10 to 0.38). Conclusions: The existing literature suggests that anxiety disorders are associated with hyperglycemia in diabetic patients. Additional studies are required to confirm the magnitude of the relationship, to elucidate moderating and causal factors, and to determine whether successful treatment of anxiety improves glycemic control.

scholarly journals Poor glycemic control and associated factors among diabetic patients in Ethiopia; A Systemic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berhane Fseha Teklehaimanot ◽  
Abadi kidanemariam Berhe ◽  
Gebrehiwot Gebremariam Welearegawi
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Optimum Level

AbstractIntroductionThe major global public health problems now days are diabetes especially the burden is high in low income countries including Ethiopia due to the limited resource for screening and early diagnosis of the diabetes. To prevent diabetic complications including organ damage and micro vascular complications blood glucose level should be maintained at an optimum level. However there was no pooled national picture on poor glycemic control and its associated factors.MethodsDifferent data base searching engine including PubMed, Google scholar, the Cochrane library, MEDLINE,, HINARY and African journal online (AJOL) were used. The Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal Tools and Newcastle Ottawa scale for assessing the quality of cross sectional studies were used for quality assessment. The meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 14 software. I2 statistic and egger weighted regression were used to assess heterogeneity and publication bias.ResultsA total of 134 studies were identified from different database searching engines and other sources. After removing for duplication, absence of abstract and review of the full text 12 studies were including in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of poor glycemic control among diabetic patients in Ethiopia is 64.72% with 95% confidence interval 63.16-66.28%. The sub group analysis of poor glycemic control among diabetic patients in different region of the country shows consistent and high prevalence of poor glycemic control ranging from 62.5% in Tigray region to 65.6% in Oromia region of the country. Residence, dyslipidemia and diet adherence were significantly association with poor glycemic control among diabetic patients in Ethiopia.ConclusionThe prevalence of poor glycemic control among diabetic patients was high in Ethiopia and consistent across different regions of the country. The most important factors associated with poor glycemic factor among diabetic patients were being rural residence, having dyslipidemia and not adhering to dietary plan.

scholarly journals Systemic association of newly diagnosed proliferative diabetic retinopathy among type 2 diabetes patients presented at a tertiary eye hospital of Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
R Thapa ◽  
S Bajimaya ◽  
S Sharma ◽  
B B Rai ◽  
G Paudyal
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
Case Series Study

Introduction: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is the leading cause of blindness among the diabetics. Objective: to study the systemic association of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Materials and methods: A prospective, case-series study was conducted among the newly diagnosed proliferative diabetic retinopathy cases presenting at the Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology (TIO) from January 2012 to January 2013. Diabetic retinopathy was classi¿ed using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study criteria. Blood pressure, fasting and postprandial blood sugar, glycosylated hemoglobin, lipid pro¿le, urine for microalbumin, urea, and creatinine were evaluated at the time of diagnosis.Results: A total of 104 type 2 diabetic patients with newly diagnosed PDR presented during the study period. Concurrent macular edema was present in 93 cases (89.42 %). The mean age was 56.96 ± 9.394 (range 32 - 78) years. Males and females comprised of 75.7 % and 24.3 % respectively. The majority (37.5 %) were involved in business, followed by government service (17.30 %), and housewives (16.34 %). Mean duration of diabetes was 11.42 ± 5.356 years (range 1 month - 26 years). Concurrent hypertension was found in 55.76 %, uncontrolled fasting and or postprandial blood sugar in 72.54 %, poor glycemic control (HbA1C > 7 %) in 73.97 %, abnormal lipid profile in 52.56 %, microalbuminuria in 67.85 %, and positive urine albumin in 50 % of the cases.Conclusion: Despite the short duration of diabetes, the concurrent hypertension, poor glycemic control, proteinuria and dyslipidemia were the main systemic associations for PDR at our clinical set-up. Awareness, identification and management of these systemic problems could reduce the rapid progression to PDR.

scholarly journals Rate of glycemic control and associated factors among type two diabetes mellitus patients in Ethiopia: A cross sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0251506
Author(s):  
Shambel Nigussie ◽  
Nigussie Birhan ◽  
Firehiwot Amare ◽  
Getnet Mengistu ◽  
Fuad Adem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective To assess the rate of glycemic control and associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Dilchora Referral Hospital, Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from 13 May to 16 August 2019. Type 2 diabetic patients on follow up at Dilchora Referral Hospital who fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the study were included. Systematic random sampling was used to select study participants. Data was collected by a face-to-face interview and review of medical records. The primary outcome was the level of blood glucose during three consecutive visits. Poor glycemic control was defined as a blood sugar level of more than 154 mg/dL based on the average of measurements from three consecutive visits. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify determinants of glycemic control. Result A total of 394 participants responded to the interview and were included in the final analysis. The overall prevalence of poor glycemic control was 45.2% (95%CI: 40.6%-50.0%). Patients who were on oral anti-diabetic drug plus insulin had more than two times greater chance of poor glycemic control than patients on oral anti-diabetic drug alone: 2.177(95%CI:1.10–4.29). The odds of poor glycemic control in patients who did not understand the pharmacist’s instructions was two times higher than patients with good understanding of instructions 1.86(95%CI: 1.10–3.13). Patients who had poor level of practice were found to have poor glycemic control: 1.69(95% CI: 1.13–2.55). Conclusion The overall prevalence of poor glycemic control was high among type 2 diabetes patients. Oral anti-diabetic drugs in combination with insulin, lack of understanding of pharmacist’s advice, and poor practice of diabetic patients were significant factors of poor glycemic control. Pharmacists should reassure the understanding of patients before discharge during counseling. Optimization of the dose of antidiabetic medications and combination of oral hypoglycemic agents should be considered.

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