Assessment of the Older Person in the Community

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Gurland ◽  
John Copeland ◽  
Lawrence Sharpe ◽  
Michael Kelleher ◽  
Judith Kuriansky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Social Services ◽  
The United States ◽  
Older Person ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Metropolitan Regions ◽  
Health And Social Services ◽  
Community Residents ◽  
Assessment Techniques ◽  
Cross National

The Cross-National Geriatric Community study is being conducted by the United States-United Kingdom Cross-National Project. Semi-structured interviews have been completed with over 850 community residents over the age of sixty-five years randomly selected from the metropolitan regions of New York and London. The assessment techniques described in this section may be of interest not only to other research workers conducting geriatric community surveys but also to health professionals concerned with the clinical examination of the older ambulatory patient and the early detection and appropriate referral of the need for health and social services.

Early Childhood Programs

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Seltzer
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Public School ◽  
Head Start ◽  
Social Services ◽  
York City ◽  
Early Head Start ◽  
Early Childhood Programs ◽  
Health And Social Services

The Children’s Aid Society (CAS) early childhood initiative is located in two of our New York City community schools, Primary School (PS) 5 and PS 8, in the Washington Heights section of northern Manhattan. This initiative was conceived as a partnership between the New York City Board of Education and CAS. The collaboration brought newborns and their families into the schools in which the children would complete fifth grade. The initiative began in 1994 and has been in full operation since 1996. Since then, the need for such a project has been confirmed and experience has provided insights into how a program for pregnant women and children through age five (often called a Zero to Five Program) can be effectively implemented within a public school. The CAS Zero to Five model connects two federally funded programs—Early Head Start (birth to age three) and Head Start (ages three to five)—to provide comprehensive educational and social services to low-income families and their children. The population attending the Zero to Five Program confronts the obstacles facing all new immigrant families living in poverty in an urban setting. In both schools more than 75% of the families are from the Dominican Republic; another 20% come from other Central and South American countries. The parents’ language is Spanish, and language barriers and acculturation issues result in social isolation. In addition, because many residents lack legal documentation, they are reluctant to access health and social services. The few early childhood programs in the neighborhood all have long waiting lists. A majority of the families share overcrowded apartments with other families or extended family; whole families often live in one bedroom where books and age-appropriate toys are scarce and there may be little child-centered language interaction. However, in spite of the difficulties, these parents have a drive to succeed and they understand the importance of education. By combining and linking Early Head Start and Head Start programs and integrating them into a community school, the CAS Zero to Five Program provides children and families with quality educational, health, and social services, after which the children transition into public school classes within the same building.

scholarly journals Deaf identities in a multicultural setting: The Ugandan context

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony B. Mugeere ◽  
Peter Atekyereza ◽  
Edward K. Kirumira ◽  
Staffan Hojer
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
The United States ◽  
Deaf Community ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Lower Case ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
Using Data

Often located far apart from each other, deaf and hearing impaired persons face a multiplicity of challenges that evolve around isolation, neglect and the deprivation of essential social services that affect their welfare and survival. Although it is evident that the number of persons born with or acquire hearing impairments in later stages of their lives is increasing in many developing countries, there is limited research on this population. The main objective of this article is to explore the identities and experiences of living as a person who is deaf in Uganda. Using data from semi-structured interviews with 42 deaf persons (aged 19–41) and three focus group discussions, the study findings show that beneath the more pragmatic identities documented in the United States and European discourses there is a matrix of ambiguous, often competing and manifold forms in Uganda that are not necessarily based on the deaf and deaf constructions. The results further show that the country’s cultural, religious and ethnic diversity is more of a restraint than an enabler to the aspirations of the deaf community. The study concludes that researchers and policy makers need to be cognisant of the unique issues underlying deaf epistemologies whilst implementing policy and programme initiatives that directly affect them. The upper case ‘D’ in the term deaf is a convention that has been used since the early 1970s to connote a ‘socially constructed visual culture’ or a linguistic, social and cultural minority group who use sign language as primary means of communication and identify with the deaf community, whereas the lower case ‘d’ in deaf refers to ‘the audio logical condition of hearing impairment’. However, in this article the lower case has been used consistently.

Counting on Context: Cross-Sector Collaborations for Education and the Legacy of James Coleman’s Sociological Vision

2017 ◽  
Vol 674 (1) ◽  
pp. 262-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Riehl ◽  
Melissa A. Lyon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
The United States ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Multnomah County ◽  
Outcomes For Children ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Education Business

Many localities across the United States are pursuing efforts to improve outcomes for children and youth through place-based, cross-sector collaborations among education, business, government, philanthropy, and social services agencies. In this article, we examine these place-based initiatives, investigating how they attempt to ameliorate educational inequity and how they might reflect the broader sociological vision of James S. Coleman. We draw from publicly available information on a set of 182 cross-sector collaborations across the United States and from in-depth case studies of collaborations in Buffalo, New York; Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and Portland/Multnomah County, Oregon. We find evidence that in some ways, cross-sector collaborations contribute to improving schools, offer interventions and resources to support families and communities, and attempt to revitalize localities with strong norms and social ties to support education and equity. However, these outcomes are not yet fully formed, widespread, or guaranteed to last over time.

scholarly journals Human remains of Ovaherero and Nama

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-106
Author(s):  
Elise Pape
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Human Remains ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Museum ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Anthropological Study ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Struggle For Recognition

Taking its starting point from a socio-anthropological study combining biographical interviews, semi-structured interviews and ethnographic observations collected between 2016 and 2018 in Germany, France and the United States among Ovaherero and Nama activists, and also members of different institutions and associations, this article focuses on the question of human remains in the current struggle for recognition and reparation of the genocide of the Ovaherero and Nama from a transnational perspective. First, the text shows the ways in which the memory of human remains can be considered as a driving force in the struggle of the affected communities. Second, it outlines the main points of mismatches of perspective between descendants of the survivors and the responsible museums during past restitutions of human remains from German anthropological collections. Third, the article more closely examines the resources of Ovaherero in the United States in the struggle for recognition and reparation, the recent discovery of Namibian human remains in the American Museum of Natural History in New York City and the questions that it raises.

scholarly journals Challenges with social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic among Hispanics in New York City: a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Gonzalez ◽  
Bryan Aristega Almeida ◽  
George S. Corpuz ◽  
Hector A. Mora ◽  
Oluwatobi Aladesuru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Unpaid Care ◽  
Hispanic Adults

Abstract Background Hispanics in the United States are disproportionately affected by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). While social distancing and quarantining are effective methods to reduce its spread, Hispanics, who are more likely to be essential workers and live in multigenerational homes than non-Hispanics, may face challenges that limit their ability to carry out these preventative efforts. We elicited the experiences of Hispanic adults with social distancing and self-quarantining during the COVID-19 pandemic in New York. Methods In this qualitative study, Hispanic adults receiving care at a federally qualified community health center in East Harlem, New York, were recruited for remote one-on-one semi-structured interviews from 5/15/2020 to 11/17/2020. Interviews were conducted by a bilingual interviewer in Spanish or English, using a semi-structured topic guide informed by the Health Belief Model. Audio-recordings were professionally transcribed. We used thematic analysis to iteratively code the data. Each transcript was independently coded by two research team members, then reconciled by a third. Major themes and subthemes were identified. Results Among 20 participants, four major themes emerged; Hispanics were: (1) fearful of contracting and transmitting COVID-19, (2) engaging in practices to reduce transmission of COVID-19, (3) experiencing barriers to social distancing and quarantining, and (4) facing an enduring psychological and physical toll from COVID-19. Conclusions Despite understanding the risks for contracting COVID-19 and taking appropriate precautions, Hispanics faced numerous challenges to social distancing and quarantining, such as living in crowded, multi-generational households, working as essential workers, and providing unpaid care to family members. Such challenges took a toll on their physical, emotional, and financial well-being. Our findings suggest that a tailored approach to public health messaging and interventions for pandemic planning are warranted among members of this community. Further research is needed to understand and mitigate the long term physical and psychological consequences of the pandemic among Hispanics.

Examining the role of ageing-in-place organisations in building older adults’ disaster resilience

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Claire Pendergrast ◽  
Basia Belza ◽  
Ann Bostrom ◽  
Nicole Errett
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
The United States ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Disaster Resilience ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Ageing In Place ◽  
Building Activities

Abstract Older adults are more susceptible to adverse health outcomes during and after a disaster compared with their younger counterparts. Ageing-in-place organisations such as senior centres and Villages provide social services and programming for older adults and may support older adults’ resilience to disasters. This study examines the role of ageing-in-place organisations in building disaster resilience for older adults. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 14 ageing-in-place organisation leaders in King County, Washington in the United States of America. The sample included representatives of five government-run senior centres, seven non-profit senior centres and two Villages. Interviews were audio-recorded and professionally transcribed. We used a combined inductive and deductive approach to code and thematically analyse the data. Ageing-in-place organisation leadership recognise disasters as a threat to older adults’ health and safety, and they see opportunities to provide disaster-related support for older adults, though the type and extent of participation in resilience-building activities reflected each organisation's unique local context. Organisations participate in a variety of disaster-related activities, though respondents emphasised the importance of collaborative and communication-focused efforts. Findings suggest that ageing-in-place organisations may be best equipped to support older adults’ disaster resilience by serving as a trusted source of disaster-related information and providing input on the appropriateness of disaster plans and messages for the unique needs of older adults ageing-in-place.

The First Wave

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold D. Morales
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Political Activism ◽  
The United States ◽  
Organizational Models ◽  
History Of

Chapter 1 introduces the history of Islamic Spain and the remembrance of it by the first Latino Muslim group in the United States, la Alianza Islámica, the Islamic Alliance. Although there have been several recorded instances of individual Latinos embracing Islam since the 1920s, no direct historical link exists between Muslims in Spain and Latino Muslims in the United States. Instead, the memory of Islamic Spain has been used to frame Latinos as historically connected to Islam rather than completely foreign to it. Additionally, the Alianza drew from other civil rights organizational models to develop several centers in New York where they worked to propagate Islam, provide social services, and engage in political activism. Additionally, the Alianza experienced marginalization from broader Muslim organizations and sought to develop autonomously from them. Through its unique origin histories and various activities, the Alianza helped to crystalize a first wave of Latino Muslims.

A Joyful Spectrum of Service

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-42
Author(s):  
James T. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Social Services ◽  
York City ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Care Education ◽  
Foreign Missions ◽  
Order Of Preachers ◽  
Lay Members ◽  
Parish Work

In 1853 a small group of nuns arrived on the waterfront of New York City commencing the service of the Order of Preachers (Dominicans) to New York City and its environs. In time the Dominicans served in health care, education, parish work, and a myriad of social services. The evolution of the Order of Preachers in New York eventually included friars, nuns, sisters, and lay members—a singular distinction. The Dominican roots in New York spread to other parts of the United States and to various foreign missions.

Foster Care

1989 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 209-215
Author(s):  
Edward L. Schor
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Foster Care ◽  
Social Services ◽  
New York Times ◽  
The United States ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Foster Care System ◽  
Aid To Dependent Children ◽  
Social Security Act

A SYSTEM OVERLOADED: THE FOSTER CARE CRISIS "The children are now buffeted by countless rejections and severe stress. They often become angry, depressed, and violent. Few of them understand that they are the littlest victims of a system that, by all accounts, has been overwhelmed" (The New York Times, March 15, 1987). Seemingly on a daily basis, especially in our larger cities, newspapers report the crisis in foster care. State departments of social services are being sued for neglecting children in their care, caseworkers are being accused of malfeasance, and children placed in foster care for their own best interests are reported to have experienced further abuse and some have died. Pediatricians who care for foster children, and who need as well to be their advocates, should understand the foster care system—its origins, mandates, objectives, and how well it has fared. Although its roots are in the English Elizabethan Poor Law of 1601, foster care as we know it today in the United States grew out of the federal initiative Aid to Dependent Children which was enacted as title IV-A of the Social Security Act of 1935. The objective of this entitlement program was to provide financial assistance to widows and widowers with children to avoid the breakup of families because of economic hardship.

A Postcolonial Discourse Analysis of Community Stakeholders’ Perspectives on Supporting Urban Indigenous Older Adults to Age Well in Ottawa, Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren A. Brooks-Cleator ◽  
Audrey R. Giles
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Indigenous Health ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Health And Social Services ◽  
Community Stakeholders ◽  
Postcolonial Discourse

The urban Indigenous older adult population in Canada continues to grow; however, there is a lack of understanding of how non-Indigenous health and social services and Indigenous-specific organizations are responding to and addressing the growth of this population. Therefore, in this research, we conducted a postcolonial discourse analysis of semi-structured interviews with six decision-makers (e.g., managers and directors of health and social services organizations) and seven service providers (e.g., program coordinators and social workers) from Indigenous and non-Indigenous health and social service organizations in Ottawa, Canada, to examine how they produce understandings of supporting urban Indigenous older adults to age well. The participants produced three main discourses: (a) non-Indigenous organizations have a responsibility to support Indigenous older adults, (b) culturally specific programs and services are important for supporting Indigenous older adults to age well, and (c) it is difficult for community stakeholders to support Indigenous older adults to age well because this population is hard to reach. The results demonstrate the complexities and tensions that community stakeholders face in supporting Indigenous older adults to age well within a sociopolitical environment informed by reconciliation and a sociodemographic trend of an aging population.

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