scholarly journals A Pragmatic Analysis of Some Quranic Verses in Light of Grice's Cooperative Principle

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Ismail Abdulrahaman Abdulla ◽  
Suhayla H. Majeed
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Cooperative Principle ◽  
Ordinary Life ◽  
Pragmatic Analysis ◽  
Speech Events

The present paper is an attempt to evaluate the applicability of Grice’s Co-operative Principle and Conversational Maxims, as one of the outstanding models in Pragmatics, to some selected Quranic conversations. Grice’s model is regarded as template for the flow of conversations and interactions held between people. Quran, as a Holy Text in Islam, contains many speech events, i.e., situations wherein conversations take place. In the stories narrated in Quran, there are situations in which, as the ordinary life of the human beings, participants converse with one another. In this study , the researchers examine the applicability of the conversation model of Grice to the Quranic conversations. To this end, the researchers have quoted some verses from Quran, first  in Arabic along with their translations in English , and analysed them in light of Grice’s model of conversation analysis. Findings indicate that in the Quranic conversations there are occasions where the maxims of conversation are observed and in some other cases not observed. This fact attests the universality of Grice’s model.

Deceptive Ambiguity by Police and Prosecutors

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger W. Shuy
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cooperative Principle ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Police Interviews ◽  
Performance Errors ◽  
Criminal Suspects ◽  
The Government ◽  
Speech Events

Much is written about how criminal suspects, defendants, and undercover targets use ambiguous language in their interactions with police, prosecutors, and undercover agents. This book examines the other side of the coin, describing fifteen criminal investigations demonstrating how police, prosecutors, undercover agents, and complainants use deceptive ambiguity with their subjects, which leads to misrepresentations of the speech events, schemas, agendas, speech acts, lexicon, and grammar. These misrepresentations affect the perceptions of judges and juries about the subjects’ motives, predispositions, intentions, and voluntariness. Deception is commonly considered intentional while ambiguity is often excused as unintentional performance errors. Although perhaps overreliance on Grice’s maxim of sincerity leads some to believe this, interactions of suspects, defendants, and targets with representatives of law are adversarial, non-cooperative events that enable participants to ignore or violate the cooperative principle. One effective way the government does this is to use ambiguity deceptively. Later listeners to the recordings of such conversations may not recognize this ambiguity and react in ways that the subjects may not have intended. Deceptive ambiguity is clearly intentional in undercover operations and the case examples illustrate that the practice also is alive and well in police interviews and prosecutorial questioning. The book concludes with a summary of how the deceptive ambiguity used by representatives of the government affected the perception of the subjects’ predisposition, intentionality and voluntariness, followed by a comparison of the relative frequency of deceptive ambiguity used by the government in its representations of speech events, schemas, agendas, speech acts, lexicon, and grammar.

scholarly journals The Royal Institution in Ancient Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Jafar Aghazadeh ◽  
Hasan Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Main Obstacle ◽  
Ordinary Life ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Royal Institution ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Right

<p>In the thoughts and beliefs of Iranians, kingdom has had a history of the creation of human beings on the earth. Accordingly, Iranians believe that the first creature and human being on the earth was the first king of Iran. Iranians connects the history of their mythical royal dynasties to the creation of humanity. For Iranians, the mythical kings of Iran are the creators of the royal institution and the functions and duties of the royal institution have been established, developed and transferred to next generations by the measures of these kings. The objective of the present study is to investigate the establishment of the royal institution and the development of royal institution in ancient Iran by a descriptive-analytical method. The findings indicate that Iranians had specific sacredness for their kings and called the first creature of Ahura Mazda as the King. In addition, they believed that kings should perform particular tasks whose formation was attributed to the mythical kings of Iran. Further, they believed that only those persons had the right of being a king who were from the race of kings and were approved by Ahura Mazda. to examine Lessing’s elucidation of authentic knowledge in <em>Shikasta</em>. The methodology appropriated in the paper entails depiction of visible world as an illusion of the Real pointed in Plato’s allegory of Cave and Nagarjuna’s Mundane Truth. We clarify emotion as the main motivator of such illusionary status stressed in both Plato and Nagarjuna’s thoughts. We argue that while the importance of reason and eradicating emotion cannot be ignored, what adjoins people to Truth is mindfulness and intuitive knowledge which is close to Nagarjuna’s non-dual patterns. By examining ordinary life as the illusion of Real, and emotion as the main obstacle to achieve the Truth emphasized in both Nagarjuna and Plato’s trends, we depart from other critics who undermine the eminence of essentialist trace in Lessing’s works and examine her approach towards Truth merely under postmodern lens. This departure is significant since we clarify while essentialism has been abandoned to a large extent and supporters of Plato have become scarce, amalgamation of his thoughts with spiritual trends opens a fresh way to earn authenticity in Lessing’s novel. </p><p> </p>

scholarly journals “Are you saying …?”

Pragmatics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Foluke Olayinka Unuabonah
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Cooperative Principle ◽  
Speech Event ◽  
Public Hearings

This study explores metapragmatic comments in Nigerian quasi-judicial public hearings, involving interactions between complainants, defendants and a hearing panel, with a view to investigating their forms, features, distribution and functions. The data are analysed quantitatively and qualitatively from a discourse-pragmatic framework that incorporates Verschueren’s theory of metapragmatics, Mey’s pragmatic act theory, Grice’s Cooperative Principle and conversation analysis. Four types of metapragmatic comments are used: speech act descriptions, talk regulation comments, maxim adherence/violation related comments and metalinguistic comments. Their distribution and functioning are shown to be partly predictable from properties of the speech event, while they also co-determine the nature and development of the analysed hearings.

A pragmatic analysis of spontaneous imitations

1978 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph P. Folger ◽  
Robin S. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Spearman Rank Correlation ◽  
Pragmatic Analysis ◽  
Speech Events ◽  
Separate Class

ABSTRACTChildren's imitations were analysed as a function of parental speech acts for six children in early Stage I of language acquisition. The relative frequency with which children imitated mothers reflected the relative frequency with which mothers imitated children (Spearman rank correlation = 0·77). Although parents' imitative expansions could all be categorized as having primary speech act functions (e.g. request for information) from the parents' point of view, expansions constituted a separate class of speech events in terms of children's responses. The children imitated imitations far more frequently than non-imitative speech acts in the same category. These findings suggest that individual differences in children's propensity to imitate may arise from the degree to which parents provide a model of imitation as a speech act.

scholarly journals Teachers’ Politeness Markers in Request in Classroom Interactions

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-233
Author(s):  
Hieronimus Canggung Darong ◽  
A. Effendi Kadarisman ◽  
Yazid Basthomi
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
English Teachers ◽  
Classroom Interactions ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Cooperative Principle ◽  
Illocutionary Act

This study is an attempt to examine politeness markers employed by Indonesian English teachers in classroom interactions. Purposefully chosen English teachers were observed, audio-recorded, and analyzed by using the politeness principle and Gricean cooperative principle. The conversation analysis revealed that to mitigate the illocutionary act of request, aside from using internal modifiers at most (consultative device, politeness markers, hesitators, hedges, play-downs, committers, down-toners, understaters), the teachers also used external devices as an adjunct to the head acts (grounder, sweetener, and disarmer). Besides, teachers intentionally violated the maxim for the sake of extending the talk. Further research needs to include more participants and instruments in a wider area of analysis.  

scholarly journals Conversation Analysis Of Indonesia Lawyers Club Talk Show Episode “Negara Paceklik, Perokok Dicekik?”

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-150
Author(s):  
Agus Ganjar Runtiko
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Cooperative Principle ◽  
Talk Show ◽  
Live Broadcast ◽  
Human Actors ◽  
Cooperative Principles

This study aims is to identifying the structure of conversation and application of cooperative principle as a prerequisite for good conversation in the discussion on Indonesia Lawyers Club (ILC) talk show episode "Negara Paceklik, Perokok Dicekik?" Which aired on August 23, 2016 at TVOne. The data analyzed by using conversation principles as suggested by D. Hymes in the ethnography of speaking, and cooperative principles as suggested by H.P. Grice. This research reveals that as a live broadcast event, ILC talk show episode "Negara Paceklik, Perokok Dicekik?" has form a good structure and meet SPEAKING scheme. However, in terms of the cooperative principle, ILC talk show still needs an evaluation. This study confirms Garfinkel concepts about creativity of human actors, who in the context of ILC conversation are modifying goals, rules, structure and style, also effects of the discussion according to his interests.

scholarly journals An Overview of Medical Discourse Studies: Cultural Variation across Genres and Registers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darly Ofica
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Medical Discourse ◽  
Medical Institution ◽  
Cultural Variation ◽  
Pragmatic Analysis ◽  
Communication Interaction ◽  
Discourse Studies ◽  
Language Context ◽  
Medical Side

Discourse is a language context that exists in a dialogue or communication interaction. Discourse is also part of pragmatic analysis. Discourse takes a role in medical side broadly. It exits in medical context about curing, healing, therapy, curative practices, speaking and writing that can help medical institution, social action, and etc. this paper reviews a description about cultural variation in medical discourse and variation between register and genres. This study examines two approaches to analyzing Medical Discourse namely Conversation Analysis (CA) Foucaults’ theory.

scholarly journals An Overview of Medical Discourse Studies: Cultural Variation across Genres and Registers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darly Ofica ◽  
Budianto Hamuddin
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Medical Discourse ◽  
Medical Institution ◽  
Cultural Variation ◽  
Pragmatic Analysis ◽  
Communication Interaction ◽  
Discourse Studies ◽  
Language Context ◽  
Medical Side

Discourse is a language context that exists in a dialogue or communication interaction. Discourse is also part of pragmatic analysis. Discourse takes a role in medical side broadly. It exits in medical context about curing, healing, therapy, curative practices, speaking and writing that can help medical institution, social action, and etc. this paper reviews a description about cultural variation in medical discourse and variation between register and genres. This study examines two approaches to analyzing Medical Discourse namely Conversation Analysis (CA) Foucaults’ theory.

Pragmatics and Dialogue

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Leech
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Dialogue Systems ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Spoken Dialogue Systems ◽  
Spoken Dialogue ◽  
Cooperative Principle ◽  
Dialogue Acts ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Task Oriented

This article introduces the linguistic subdiscipline of pragmatics and shows how this is being applied to the development of spoken dialogue systems — currently perhaps the most important applications area for computational pragmatics. It traces the history of pragmatics from its philosophical roots, and outlines some key notions of theoretical pragmatics — speech acts, illocutionary force, the cooperative principle and relevance. It then discusses the application of pragmatics to dialogue modelling, especially the development of spoken dialogue systems intended to interact with human beings in task-oriented scenarios such as providing travel information and shows how and why computational pragmatics differs from ‘linguistic’ pragmatics, and how pragmatics contributes to the computational analysis of dialogues. One major illustration of this is the application of speech act theory in the analysis and synthesis of service interactions in terms of dialogue acts.

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