scholarly journals Agricultural extension for promoting citrus fruit growers’ innovation and profitability in Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Almaguer Vargas ◽  
Alma Velia Ayala Garay ◽  
Evelia Oble Vergara ◽  
Arturo Flores-Trejo
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Innovation Networks ◽  
Adoption Of Innovations ◽  
Technological Intervention

The citrus fruit grower has hardly adopted innovations, resulting in reduced income and profitability. This study aims to apply andragogic training and extension techniques to a group of 150 citrus fruit growers from five different communities in Veracruz, Mexico, to improve the adoption of social and technological innovations, their income, and profitability. The percentage of adoption of innovations (PAI) was calculated using the equation: PAI = n/N × 100, where n was the number of innovations adopted by the grower and N the total number of innovations available in the technological package. Two previous surveys, social and technological, were conducted in 2012 and revealed a significant lack of coordination in innovation networks, mainly in deep relationships, and little use of technological innovations. After the andragogic training and extension, better coordination was achieved, reflected in numerous and robust links, more nodes, and higher density, especially at the level of trust, contributing to consolidating social networks for 2014. The most adopted technological category was fertilization management. A survey was conducted in 2016 to quantify the permanence of the adoption of innovations. We conclude that social and technological intervention through andragogic training and extension improved the yield of orchards by more than 50 %, increased the income of citrus fruit growers 4.5 times, and consolidated workgroups and the permanence of innovations.

Mapping Innovation Networks

1998 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 223-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Conway ◽  
Fred Steward
Keyword(s):  
Small Firm ◽  
Boundary Spanning ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Innovation Networks ◽  
Network Configuration ◽  
Systematic Method ◽  
Firm Innovation ◽  
Award Winning ◽  
Discrete Innovation ◽  
Network Mapping

This paper outlines a detailed and systematic method for revealing and mapping out the network mobilised in the development of a discrete innovation. This is termed a focal action-set. Important to the utility of this approach has been the development of a set of conventions for the graphical expression of the network and its components: actors, links and flows. It is argued that the network graphic provides a powerful, though under-utilised, tool for the representation of relational data. It may be employed, for example, to reveal variations in network configuration and to highlight key networking or boundary-spanning actors. The network mapping approach is illustrated through three cases of small firm innovation drawn from a wider investigation of award-winning technological innovations. A comparison between the network maps show a variation in the key boundary-spanning interactions, which is related to the organisational background of the entrepreneurial actor.

Small Firm Survival and Innovation

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Dobson ◽  
Dermot Breslin ◽  
Louise Suckley ◽  
Rachel Barton ◽  
Liliana Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Innovation Networks ◽  
Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽  
Informal Relations ◽  
Group Structures ◽  
Creativity And Innovation ◽  
Interpretative Framework

This paper explores ‘evolution’ as a means of complementing our understanding and interpretation of creative innovation networks in small firms. The abstracted evolutionary mechanisms of variation, selection and retention (VSR) are employed to add a more dynamic interpretative framework to the reading of social networks and group structures. The paper thus presents a lens through which to appreciate creativity as an evolving and shared process. The principal aim of this research is to illustrate otherwise tacit informal relations within a small business through the application of a qualitative approach to social network analysis (SNA) and, in doing so, to present intra-firm relations as central to creativity and innovation – particularly as the organizational structure moves beyond the dominance of the founding entrepreneur.

scholarly journals DAMPAK PERUBAHAN DARI POLA PERLADANGAN TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN PETANI TRANSMIGRAN LOKAL (Suatu Kasus di Wilayah Transmigrasi Umum Sabung SP 1 Kabupaten Sambas Provinsi Kalimantan Barat) - The Impact Of Changes From Shifting Cultivation Patterns On The Welfare Of Local Transmigrant Farmers (in The Case Of A General Transmigration Sabung Sp 1 District Sambas West Kalimantan Province)

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agus Warman
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Shifting Cultivation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Total Income ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Adoption Of Innovations ◽  
Local Farmers

AbstrakSalah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan petani ladang berpindah adalah dengan cara mengubah pola pertanian mereka menjadi pola pertanian menetap di lokasi transmigrasi. Tujuan penelitian  adalah : (1) Mengetahui keragaan fenomena interaksi sosial yang terjadi antara sesama petani transmigran lokal dan antara transmigran lokal dengan transmigran pendatang (2) Mengetahui proses introduksi dan adopsi  inovasi baik yang diserap dari sesama petani atau pun dari penyuluh pertanian (3) Mengetahui pencapaian adopsi inovasi teknologi oleh petani transmigran lokal dan pengaruhnya terhadap tingkat pendapatan mereka (4) Mengetahui pengaruh serapan inovasi dari sesama petani dan sikap petani terhadap kegiatan penyuluhan; ketersediaan lembaga pendukung usahatani; serta potensi Internal keluarga tani terhadap adopsi inovasi teknologi petani transmigran lokal (5) Mengukur pencapaian kesejahteraan materil dan non materil petani transmigran lokal. Penelitian ini merupakan kasus di lokasi Transmigrasi Sabung SP 1 Kabupaten Sambas Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Merupakan penelitian survey dan alat analisis yang digunakan adalah Path Analisis dan Uji Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa : a) Berkembangnya sikap kompromistis b) Belum terbentuk kepemimpinan informal. c)  Terbentuknya akulturasi dalam hal bahasa. d) Sikap petani transmigran lokal terhadap transmigran pendatang berkorelasi positif dengan rentang jarak sosial diantara mereka. e)  Rentang jarak sosial berkorelasi positif terhadap kondisi tingkat keharmonisan interaksi sosial, namun tingkat keharmonisan interaksi sosial ini tidak berpengaruh terhadap aspek kesejahteraan non materil petani transmigran lokal f)  Serapan inovasi teknologi petani transmigran lokal terkategori sangat rendah sampai rendah. g)  Transmigran lokal dan transmigran pendatang secara timbal balik saling menyerap inovasi teknologi. Tingkat keharmonisan interaksi sosial antara mereka mempengaruhi tingkat serapan inovasi, sehingga berpengaruh terhadap tingkat adopsi inovasi oleh transmigran lokal. h) Tingkat serapan inovasi dari sesama petani lebih dominan dibanding   serapan inovasi dari penyuluh. i)  Tingkat adopsi inovasi transmigran lokal berpengaruh terhadap tingkat pendapatan usahatani, namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap tingkat pendapatan total mereka. j) Tingkat serapan inovasi dari sesama petani berpengaruh  terhadap tingkat adopsi inovasi oleh petani transmigran lokal, namun  sikap petani terhadap kegiatan penyuluhan, kondisi internal petani dan tingkat ketersediaan lembaga pendukung usahatani tidak berpengaruh terhadap adopsi inovasi petani transmigran lokal. k) Rerata tingkat pendapatan usahatani transmigran lokal sebelum mengikuti transmigrasi lebih besar dibanding setelah mengikuti transmigrasi. Tingkat pendapatan total mereka setelah mengikuti program transmigrasi lebih besar dibanding sebelum mengikuti transmigrasi. Tingkat kesejahteraan non materil petani lokal setelah mengikuti program transmigrasi berada pada  kategori memuaskan dan sangat memuaskan.Kata kunci : Perubahan pola pertanian, Transmigran lokal, Kesejahteraan materil,  Kesejahteraan Non materil, Transmigrasi.AbstractOne effort to improve the welfare of shifting cultivation farmers is a way to change the pattern of their farm into a pattern of sedentary agriculture in transmigration sites. The purpose of this study was to: (1) Determine the variability phenomenon of social interactions among local homesteader and between local homesteader with migrants (2) Knowing the introduction and adoption of innovations that are absorbed from fellow farmer or from agricultural extension (3) Knowing achieving the adoption of technological innovations by farmers and local homesteader influence on the level of their income (4) Determine the influence uptake of innovation among farmers and farmers' attitudes toward counseling activities; availability of farm support agencies; and the potential Internal family farm to adoption of technological innovations farmers through local homesteader (5) Measure the achievement of material and non-material well-being of migrants local farmers. This study was a case in Transmigration locations Sabung SP 1 Sambas district of West Kalimantan Province. Analysis tool used  Path Analysis and Wilcoxon test. The results of the study found that: a) The development of an attitude of compromise b) are formed informal leadership. c) Establishment of acculturation in terms of language. d) The attitude of local farmers against migrants positively correlated with a range of social distance between them. e) The range of social distance positively correlated to the degree of harmony conditions of social interaction, but the level of social interaction of this harmony does not affect the welfare of the non-material aspects of local homesteader farmer f) Uptake local homesteader farmer technological innovation categorized very low to low. g) Local Transmigrants absorb technological innovation of migrants and vice versa. The level of harmony between their social interactions affect the rate of uptake of innovation, so that the effect on the rate of innovation adoption by local homesteader. h) The rate of uptake of innovation among farmers is more dominant than the uptake of innovation extension. i) The rate of adoption of innovation local homesteader affect the level of farm income, but do not affect the level of their total income. j) The rate of uptake of innovation among farmers affect the rate of adoption of innovations by farmers local homesteader, but the attitude of farmers to extension activities, the internal conditions of farmers and farm-level availability of supporting agencies had no effect on the adoption of a local homesteader farmer innovation. k) The mean level of farm income before following local transmigration transmigration greater than after following transmigration. The level of their total income after transmigration program bigger than before following transmigration. The level of non-material well-being of the local farmers after the transmigration program in the category satisfactory and very satisfactory.Keywords: Changing patterns of farming, local Transmigran, material welfare, Non-material welfare, Transmigration.

scholarly journals The Role of Agricultural Extension in Cocoa Production and Livelihood of Farmers in Meme Division, Cameroon

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
J. Defang Taku ◽  
R. N. Njoh ◽  
N. S. Meliki ◽  
F. A. Amungwa ◽  
I. N. Manu
Keyword(s):  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Adoption Of Innovations ◽  
Cocoa Production ◽  
Farmers Field School

Agriculture is important not only for its supply of food but also for its provision of raw materials. Cocoa is a lucrative cash crop grown in kumba, Meme Division of Cameroon. Given the importance of the crop to farm communities and the economy of Cameroon, agricultural extension has key roles to enhance production through information dissemination and adoption of innovations. This survey thus assess the role of agricultural extension in cocoa production and the livelihood of farmers in Meme Division. Through simple random sampling technique, 137 farmers were selected from the population of 210 registered cocoa farmers in the study area. A questionnaire made up of open and close ended questions was the instrument for primary data collection. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS and results revealed that 90% of the farmers were married men and 60% were of the age 35-49 years. Also, 74% of the respondents had been into cocoa farming for more than 10 years, signifying that their livelihood depend on it. A low level of education is observed with 55% of them attaining only primary education. Moreover, 64% are small farm holders with 68% acknowledging use of family labor for production activities. Results further show that agricultural extension plays an essential role in cocoa production as 92% affirmed that extension provided information, knowledge and technical skills for capacity building and empowerment using Farmers Field School (FFS) and Farmers Business School (FBS) approaches. To 96%, extension initiates diffusion and adoption of innovations and organizes credits and market linkages (87%). Another 89%, were confirmative that extension liaise projects under the Program for the Improvement of Competitiveness of Family Agro-Pastoral Farms (with French acronym ACEFA) to accompany the farmers. Conclusively, extension service delivery empowers and ensures livelihood of farmers.

scholarly journals The impact of social capital on the market access of coffee farmer house holds in Lam Dong province

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. First
Author(s):  
Duong The Duy ◽  
Nguyen Thai Dung
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Informal Social Networks ◽  
Coffee Farmers ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of social capital and other factors that affect the market access of coffee farmer households. The study synthesized theories, as well as previous studies, to provide criteria for measuring social capital of coffee farmers' households: including formal social networks, informal social networks, and trust. Besides, the study uses descriptive statistics, logistic regression, two t-average tests to analyze and assess the difference in social capital between poor and non-poor households of 235 coffee farmer households in Lam Dong Province. The results show that Agricultural Extension Associations, Association Organizations (proxy for official social networks), Agents at all levels, Colleagues - Friends (informal social networks), age, years of living in the locality, and labor have an impact on the market access of coffee farmer households. Some recommendations to improve market access of coffee farmers in the province have been proposed, based on the previous theories as well as the results of the research model The research, however, is yet to clarify the impact of social capital on each market of finance, land, labor, extension services, material, and output markets.

scholarly journals Alih Inovasi Teknologi Dalam Peningkatan Profit Kedelai

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 265-268
Author(s):  
Imam Sutrisno
Keyword(s):  
Certified Seed ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
In Captivity

The ability to increase national soybean productivity is still low. Every year the obstacle that causes farmers is it is difficult to procure quality soybean seeds and access certified seed stocks in captivity. In this condition, there needs to be a solution to support the use of quality seeds and the ease of purchasing superior/quality seeds by farmers independently and sustainably. The results of this study stated that 1) Detap 1 variety was in accordance with preferences and significantly increased soybean farming income in supporting the availability of quality consumption soybeans in East Java; 2) Gapoktan independence in preserving the Detap 1 variety with local seed farming; 3) Regional assistance by agricultural ministers and agricultural extension workers consistently as facilitators and regulators of leading technological innovations.

Constraints to the adoption of innovations in agricultural research and environmental management: a review

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 549 ◽  
Author(s):  
LJ Guerin ◽  
TF Guerin
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Adoption Process ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Financial Cost ◽  
Adoption Of Innovations ◽  
Level Of Motivation ◽  
Farmer’S Perception

There are several constraints to the adoption of technologies and innovations by Australian farmers. Here an attempt has been made to define the major constraints to adoption. These are identified as: the extent to which the farmer finds the new technology complex and difficult to comprehend; how readily observable the outcomes of an adoption are; its financial cost; the farmer's beliefs and opinions towards the technology; the farmer's level of motivation; the farmer's perception of the relevance of the new technology; and the farmer's attitudes towards risk and change. The classical adoption-diffusion model and subsequent modifications are discussed. In particular, issues relating to the participatory action research (PAR) approach are raised and discussed. In addition, methodologies in extension research are briefly discussed and the roles of extension personnel and agricultural scientists in the technology adoption process are examined. The adoption of innovations in natural resource management is discussed and the findings indicate that this is an area of agriculture in which extension practice and research will play an increasingly important role in the future. Recommendations for further research into adoption of technological innovations in resource management and agriculture are made.

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