scholarly journals Privacy Perceptions and Concerns in Image-Based Dietary Assessment Systems: Questionnaire-Based Study

10.2196/19085 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. e19085
Author(s):  
Aakash Sharma ◽  
Katja P Czerwinska ◽  
Lars Brenna ◽  
Dag Johansen ◽  
Håvard D Johansen
Keyword(s):  
Personal Information ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Perceived Risks ◽  
Food Images ◽  
Performance Development

Background Complying with individual privacy perceptions is essential when processing personal information for research. Our specific research area is performance development of elite athletes, wherein nutritional aspects are important. Before adopting new automated tools that capture such data, it is crucial to understand and address the privacy concerns of the research subjects that are to be studied. Privacy as contextual integrity emphasizes understanding contextual sensitivity in an information flow. In this study, we explore privacy perceptions in image-based dietary assessments. This research field lacks empirical evidence on what will be considered as privacy violations when exploring trends in long-running studies. Prior studies have only classified images as either private or public depending on their basic content. An assessment and analysis are thus needed to prevent unwanted consequences of privacy breach and other issues perceived as sensitive when designing systems for dietary assessment by using food images. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate common perceptions of computer systems using food images for dietary assessment. The study delves into perceived risks and data-sharing behaviors. Methods We investigated the privacy perceptions of 105 individuals by using a web-based survey. We analyzed these perceptions along with perceived risks in sharing dietary information with third parties. Results We found that understanding the motive behind the use of data increases its chances of sharing with a social group. Conclusions In this study, we highlight various privacy concerns that can be addressed during the design phase. A system design that is compliant with general data protection regulations will increase participants’ and stakeholders’ trust in an image-based dietary assessment system. Innovative solutions are needed to reduce the intrusiveness of a continuous assessment. Individuals show varying behaviors for sharing metadata, as knowing what the data is being used for, increases the chance of it being shared.

scholarly journals Privacy Perceptions and Concerns in Image-Based Dietary Assessment Systems: Questionnaire-Based Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aakash Sharma ◽  
Katja P Czerwinska ◽  
Lars Brenna ◽  
Dag Johansen ◽  
Håvard D Johansen
Keyword(s):  
Personal Information ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Perceived Risks ◽  
Food Images ◽  
Performance Development

BACKGROUND Complying with individual privacy perceptions is essential when processing personal information for research. Our specific research area is performance development of elite athletes, wherein nutritional aspects are important. Before adopting new automated tools that capture such data, it is crucial to understand and address the privacy concerns of the research subjects that are to be studied. Privacy as contextual integrity emphasizes understanding contextual sensitivity in an information flow. In this study, we explore privacy perceptions in image-based dietary assessments. This research field lacks empirical evidence on what will be considered as privacy violations when exploring trends in long-running studies. Prior studies have only classified images as either private or public depending on their basic content. An assessment and analysis are thus needed to prevent unwanted consequences of privacy breach and other issues perceived as sensitive when designing systems for dietary assessment by using food images. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate common perceptions of computer systems using food images for dietary assessment. The study delves into perceived risks and data-sharing behaviors. METHODS We investigated the privacy perceptions of 105 individuals by using a web-based survey. We analyzed these perceptions along with perceived risks in sharing dietary information with third parties. RESULTS We found that understanding the motive behind the use of data increases its chances of sharing with a social group. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we highlight various privacy concerns that can be addressed during the design phase. A system design that is compliant with general data protection regulations will increase participants’ and stakeholders’ trust in an image-based dietary assessment system. Innovative solutions are needed to reduce the intrusiveness of a continuous assessment. Individuals show varying behaviors for sharing metadata, as knowing what the data is being used for, increases the chance of it being shared.

scholarly journals Diketopyrrolopyrrole Fluorescent Probes, Photophysical and Biological Applications

Chemosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aminu Auwalu ◽  
Shanshan Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Yield ◽  
Fluorescent Probes ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Tumor Therapy ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Biological Applications ◽  
Chemistry Research ◽  
Cancer Tumor

Biological applications of fluorescent probes are rapidly increasing in the supramolecular chemistry research field. Several organic dyes are being utilized currently in developing and advancing this attractive research area, of which diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) organic dyes show an exceptional photophysical features (high-fluorescence quantum yield (FQY), good photochemical and thermal stability) that are essential properties for biological applications. Great efforts have been made in recent years towards developing novel fluorescent DPPs by different chemists for such applications, and some positive results have been reported. As a result, this review article gives an account of the progress that has so far been made very recently, mainly within the last decade, in that we selectively focus on and discuss more from 2015 to present on some recent scholarly achievements of fluorescent DPPs: quantum yield, aggregation-induced emission (AIE), solid-state emission, bio-imaging, cancer/tumor therapy, mitochondria staining and some polymeric fluorescent DPPs. Finally, this review article highlights researchers working on luminescent DPPs and the future prospects in some key areas towards designing DPP-based fluorescent probes in order to boost their photophysical and biological applications more effectively.

scholarly journals Assessing Commensality in Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2632
Author(s):  
Henrik Scander ◽  
Agneta Yngve ◽  
Maria Lennernäs Wiklund
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Quantitative Character ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Dietary Surveys ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Empirical Material

This scoping review focuses on the assessment of commensality in research and attempts to identify used methods for performing research on commensality. It reflects a multidisciplinary research field and draws on findings from Web of Science Core Collection, up to April 2019. The empirical material consisted of 61 studies, whereof most were qualitative research, and some were of quantitative character, including very few dietary surveys. The findings show nine papers categorized as using quantitative approaches, 52 papers were categorized as qualitative. The results show a wide variety of different ways to try to find and understand how commensality can be understood and identified. There seems to be a shift in the very concept of commensality as well as some variations around the concept. This paper argues the need to further investigate the importance of commensality for health and wellbeing, as well as the need to gather data on health and health-related behaviors, living conditions and sociodemographic data in parallel. The review shows the broad-ranging areas where commensality is researched, from cultural and historical areas to ethnographic or anthropological areas over to dietary assessment. To complement large dietary surveys with methods of assessing who you are eating with in what environment should be a simple way to further our knowledge on the circumstances of meal intake and the importance of commensality. To add 24-h dietary recall to any study of commensality is another way of identifying the importance of commensality for dietary quality. The use of mixed methods research was encouraged by several authors as a good way forward in the assessment of commensality and its importance.

AI and privacy concerns: a smart meter case study

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jillian Carmody ◽  
Samir Shringarpure ◽  
Gerhard Van de Venter
Keyword(s):  
Private Information ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Consumer Information ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Smart Meter ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Privacy Legislation

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate privacy concerns arising from the rapidly increasing advancements and use of artificial intelligence (AI) technology and the challenges of existing privacy regimes to ensure the on-going protection of an individual’s sensitive private information. The authors illustrate this through a case study of energy smart meters and suggest a novel combination of four solutions to strengthen privacy protection. Design/methodology/approach The authors illustrate how, through smart meter obtained energy data, home energy providers can use AI to reveal private consumer information such as households’ electrical appliances, their time and frequency of usage, including number and model of appliance. The authors show how this data can further be combined with other data to infer sensitive personal information such as lifestyle and household income due to advances in AI technologies. Findings The authors highlight data protection and privacy concerns which are not immediately obvious to consumers due to the capabilities of advanced AI technology and its ability to extract sensitive personal information when applied to large overlapping granular data sets. Social implications The authors question the adequacy of existing privacy legislation to protect sensitive inferred consumer data from AI-driven technology. To address this, the authors suggest alternative solutions. Originality/value The original value of this paper is that it illustrates new privacy issues brought about by advances in AI, failings in current privacy legislation and implementation and opens the dialog between stakeholders to protect vulnerable consumers.

scholarly journals Nutritional profile of patients in a multidisciplinary treatment program for severe obesity and preoperative bariatric surgery

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 31-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Cristina Carvalho Mattos MAGNO ◽  
Monique Silveira da SILVA ◽  
Larissa COHEN ◽  
Luciana d´Abreu SARMENTO ◽  
Eliane Lopes ROSADO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Severe Obesity ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Multidisciplinary Treatment ◽  
Statistical Treatment ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
The Body ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Anthropometric Data

BACKGROUND: Along with the augmentation in obesity rates in recent years, the demand for bariatric surgery has startlingly increased. Nutritional counseling in the preoperative period is very important because it contributes to higher success rate in the post-operative period. AIM: To assess the nutritional status of patients in a multidisciplinary program for the treatment of severe obesity and pre-operatively for bariatric surgery, characterizing the consumption of healthy nutrients. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 30 patients was conducted. Personal information, anthropometric data and dietary assessment by 24-hour food record were collected. The analysis of energy intake was performed in Dietpro 5.1 Professional(r) program. The statistical treatment of the caloric intake was performed by an ANOVA test with Bonferroni´s post hoc and for anthropometric data the paired t test was used. RESULTS: From the total, 73% of the patients were women and 27% male, mean age was 48.4+12.9 and 49.8+8.1, respectively. A lower weight in the 5th appointment was observed when compared with the 1st one. There was a reduction in caloric intake in the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th appointments when compared with the 1st. It was observed that in the 5th appointment more than 50% of the patients underwent six meals a day. There was an increase in the consumption of fruit along the appointments and 72.2% of patients consumed 1-2 servings of fruit a day. Vegetables intake was high in all appointments in the pre-operative period and, although low, the whole grain products consumption has increased during the pre-operative period achieving 30% of the study population. CONCLUSION: There was a decrease in body weight, a trend in the decrease of the body mass index and waist circumference and quantitative and qualitative improvement of food consumption.

scholarly journals Information Privacy Concerns Among Instagram Users: The Case of Indonesian College Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Eko Wahyu Tyas Darmaningrat ◽  
Hanim Maria Astuti ◽  
Fadhila Alfi
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Private Information ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Information Privacy ◽  
Risk Awareness ◽  
User Privacy ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Information Privacy Concerns ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Teenagers in Indonesia have an open nature and satisfy their desire to exist by uploading photos or videos and writing posts on Instagram. The habit of uploading photos, videos, or writings containing their personal information can be dangerous and potentially cause user privacy problems. Several criminal cases caused by information misuse have occurred in Indonesia.Objective: This paper investigates information privacy concerns among Instagram users in Indonesia, more specifically amongst college students, the largest user group of Instagram in Indonesia.Methods: This study referred to the Internet Users' Information Privacy Concerns (IUIPC) method by collecting data through the distribution of online questionnaires and analyzed the data by using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM).Results: The research finding showed that even though students are mindful of the potential danger of information misuse in Instagram, it does not affect their intention to use Instagram. Other factors that influence Indonesian college students' trust are Instagram's reputation, the number of users who use Instagram, the ease of using Instagram, the skills and knowledge of Indonesian students about Instagram, and the privacy settings that Instagram has.Conclusion: The awareness and concern of Indonesian college students for information privacy will significantly influence the increased risk awareness of information privacy. However, the increase in risk awareness does not directly affect Indonesian college students' behavior to post their private information on Instagram.

scholarly journals Internet privacy in Canada: a public interest perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Gustavel
Keyword(s):  
Personal Information ◽  
Online Environment ◽  
Informational Privacy ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Internet Privacy ◽  
Legislative Action ◽  
Individual Privacy

Issues about informational privacy have emerged in tandem with the escalating increase in nformation stored in electronic formats. Data protection is a pressing issue not only because files of personal information are being kept in greater detail and for longer periods of time, but also because the data can be retrieved and compared or matched without delay, regardless of geography. While defenders of information technology cite efficiency and safety among the countervailing benefits, concerns from an increasingly tech-savvy public have introduced a sense of urgency to demand tough legislation. Although many studies have provided evidence of online privacy concerns, few have explored the nature of the concern in detail, especially in terms of government policy for our new online environment. Bill C-6, Canada's recent legislative action, has provided a practical basis from which to appraise governments' role in privacy protection. With this in mind, the paper will be divided into two parts. Part one will be undertaken to: (A) evaluate the arguments of critics as well as defenders of contemporary record-keeping practices and the philosophical conceptions of privacy, which underlie them; and, using these themes (B) provide a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of Bill C- 6, examining the ways in which policy makers have begun to treat privacy as both a commodity and a secondary adjunct to business activity. Part two of the paper, purposes a series of recommendations or, more specifically, a framework for Bill C-6 that would, more effectively, protect individual privacy from private entities, who collect online data.

scholarly journals Legal frameworks governing social data analytics and privacy concerns among social media users

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Youssef Ramzi Mansour
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Social Data ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
New Era ◽  
Statistical Studies ◽  
Legal Frameworks ◽  
Support Decision Making

Big data is a relatively new concept that refers to the enormous amount of data generated in a new era where people are selling, buying, paying dues, managing their health and communicating over the internet. It becomes natural that generated data will be analyzed for the purposes of smart advertising and social statistical studies. Social data analytics is the concept of micro-studying users interactions through data obtained often from social networking services, the concept also known as “social mining” offers tremendous opportunities to support decision making through recommendation systems widely used by e-commerce mainly. With these new opportunities comes the problematic of social media users privacy concerns as protecting personal information over the internet has become a controversial issue among social network providers and users. In this study we identify and describe various privacy concerns and related platforms as well as the legal frameworks governing the protection of personal information in different jurisdictions. Furthermore we discuss the Facebook and Cambridge Analytica Ltd incident as an example.

scholarly journals Usability Methods and Attributes Reported in Usability Studies of Mobile Apps for Health Care Education: Protocol for a Scoping Review

10.2196/19072 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e19072
Author(s):  
Susanne Grødem Johnson ◽  
Thomas Potrebny ◽  
Lillebeth Larun ◽  
Donna Ciliska ◽  
Nina Rydland Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Learning Technologies ◽  
Health Care Education ◽  
Care Education

Background E-learning technologies, including mobile apps, are used to a large extent in health care education. Mobile apps can provide extendable learning environments and motivate students for adaptive and collaborative learning outside the classroom context. Developers should design practical, effective, and easy-to-use mobile apps. Usability testing is an important part of app development in order to understand if apps meet the needs of users. Objective The aim of this study is to perform a scoping review of usability methods and attributes reported in usability studies of mobile apps for health care education. Methods The scoping review is guided by the methodological framework developed by Arksey & O’Malley and further developed by Levac et al and Kahlil et al. The stages we will follow are as follows: (1) identifying the research question; (2) identifying relevant studies; (3) selecting studies; (4) charting the data; and (5) summarizing and reporting the results. We have developed two research questions to meet the aim of the study, which are as follows: (1) What usability methods are used to evaluate the usability of mobile apps for health care education? and (2) What usability attributes are reported in the usability studies of mobile apps for health care education? We will apply a comprehensive search of the literature, including 10 databases, a reference search, and a search for grey literature. Two review authors will independently screen articles for eligibility. Results The initial electronic database searches were completed in March 2019. The literature search identified 14,297 unique references. Following title and abstract screening, the full texts of 369 records were obtained. The scoping review is expected to be completed in spring 2021. Conclusions We expect the overview of usability methods and attributes reported in usability studies of mobile apps for health care education to contribute to the knowledge base for researchers and developers. It will give an overview of the research field and provide researchers and developers with relevant and important information on the usability research area, including highlighting possible research gaps. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/19072

scholarly journals TEACHER COMPETENCE TEST OF ISLAMIC PRIMARY TEACHERS EDUCATION IN STATE ISLAMIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS (MIN) OF PIDIE REGENCY

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nufiar Nufiar ◽  
Saifullah Idris
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Lesson Plan ◽  
Primary Teachers ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Teacher Competence ◽  
Sufficient Time ◽  
Education Department ◽  
Competence Test

This study aims at examining the readiness of the Diploma-II holders of Primary Teachers Education of STIT AL-Hilal Sigli in drawing up the Lesson Plan and implementing the teaching and learning interactions in the classroom. In particular, the study attempts to figure out whether the teaching and learning interaction meet the methods listed in the Lesson Plan (RPP) and the assessment system of learner’s performance in Islamic Primary schools throughout Pidie regency. The sample of this study is nineteen Islamic Primary schools throughout Pidie regency. While to collect data from the research field, the researchers used observation, interviews, and documents. The result indicates that: (1) in general, the teachers have good and considerate preparation in drawing up the Lesson Plan within a sufficient time instead having an extemporaneous teaching. They commonly conducted the Lesson Plan preparation through the discussion with other fellow teachers which avoids them from having a significant obstacle. The only considerable stumbling blocks are the learning source, learning media, and psychological factors. All the written Lesson Plans will be accounted to the principal, superintendent, and the education department. Otherwise, the teachers will be penalized for not making one. (2) The method specified in the Lesson Plan does not correspond to the methods used in teaching and learning in general. (3) The respondents generally do not apply taxonomic Bloom in the grading system in schools where they are in charge.

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