scholarly journals Mapping Canadian Men’s Recent and Intended Health Behavior Changes Through the Don’t Change Much Electronic Health Program (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L Oliffe ◽  
Nick Black ◽  
Jeffrey Yiu ◽  
Ryan K Flannigan ◽  
Donald R McCreary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Behavior ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
Electronic Health ◽  
Health Behavior Changes

BACKGROUND Although evaluation studies confirm the strong potential of men’s electronic health (eHealth) programs, there have been calls to more fully understand acceptability, engagement, and behavior change to guide future work. Relatedly, mapping of behavior changes using health promotion theories including the transtheoretical model (or stages of change) has been recommended to build a translatable empirical base to advance design and evaluation considerations for men’s eHealth programs. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to use a benchmark sample as a reference group to map the recent and intended health behavior changes in Canadian men who use the <i>Don’t Change Much</i> (DCM) eHealth program. The hypothesis being tested was that increased exposure to DCM would be positively associated with men’s recent and intended health behavior changes. METHODS DCM users (n=863) were sampled for demographic data and self-reported recent and intended health behavior changes. Respondents also reported their usage (frequency and duration) for each of the 3 DCM components (web, newsletter, and social media) and were allocated to limited exposure (257/863, 29.8%), low exposure (431/863, 49.9%), and high exposure (175/863, 20.3%) subgroups. A benchmark sample (n=2000), comprising respondents who had not accessed DCM provided a reference group. Bivariate analysis of recent and intended health behavior changes and DCM exposure levels were used to compute the strength of association between the independent variables (exposure levels) and the 10 categorical dependent variables (recent and intended health behavior changes). Binary logistic regression models were computed for each of the 10 recent and intended health behavior changes. Linear regression was used to model the association between the number of recent and intended changes and the level of exposure to DCM. RESULTS Compared with the benchmark reference group, DCM high-exposure respondents had significantly increased odds for 9 of the 10 health behavior changes, with the largest effect size observed for Changed diet or Improved eating habits (odds ratio [OR] 5.628, 95% CI 3.932-8.055). High-exposure respondents also had significantly increased odds for 9 intended health changes, with the largest effect sizes observed for Reduce stress level (OR 4.282, 95% CI 3.086-5.941). Moderate effect size (goodness of fit) was observed for increased total number of recent (F<sub>12,2850</sub>=25.52; <i>P</i>.001; adjusted <i>R</i><sup>2</sup>=.093) and intended health behavior changes (F<sub>12,2850</sub>=36.30; <i>P</i>.001; adjusted <i>R</i><sup>2</sup>=.129) among high-exposure respondents. CONCLUSIONS DCM respondents contrasted the predominately precontemplative benchmark sample mapping across the contemplative, preparation, and action stages of the transtheoretical health behavior change model. Almost 10% of variation in the recent and 13% of variation in the intended health behavior changes can be explained by DCM exposure and demographic factors, indicating the acceptability of this men’s eHealth resource.

scholarly journals Mapping Canadian Men’s Recent and Intended Health Behavior Changes Through the Don’t Change Much Electronic Health Program

10.2196/16174 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. e16174
Author(s):  
John L Oliffe ◽  
Nick Black ◽  
Jeffrey Yiu ◽  
Ryan K Flannigan ◽  
Donald R McCreary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Behavior ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
Electronic Health ◽  
Health Behavior Changes

Background Although evaluation studies confirm the strong potential of men’s electronic health (eHealth) programs, there have been calls to more fully understand acceptability, engagement, and behavior change to guide future work. Relatedly, mapping of behavior changes using health promotion theories including the transtheoretical model (or stages of change) has been recommended to build a translatable empirical base to advance design and evaluation considerations for men’s eHealth programs. Objective This study aimed to use a benchmark sample as a reference group to map the recent and intended health behavior changes in Canadian men who use the Don’t Change Much (DCM) eHealth program. The hypothesis being tested was that increased exposure to DCM would be positively associated with men’s recent and intended health behavior changes. Methods DCM users (n=863) were sampled for demographic data and self-reported recent and intended health behavior changes. Respondents also reported their usage (frequency and duration) for each of the 3 DCM components (web, newsletter, and social media) and were allocated to limited exposure (257/863, 29.8%), low exposure (431/863, 49.9%), and high exposure (175/863, 20.3%) subgroups. A benchmark sample (n=2000), comprising respondents who had not accessed DCM provided a reference group. Bivariate analysis of recent and intended health behavior changes and DCM exposure levels were used to compute the strength of association between the independent variables (exposure levels) and the 10 categorical dependent variables (recent and intended health behavior changes). Binary logistic regression models were computed for each of the 10 recent and intended health behavior changes. Linear regression was used to model the association between the number of recent and intended changes and the level of exposure to DCM. Results Compared with the benchmark reference group, DCM high-exposure respondents had significantly increased odds for 9 of the 10 health behavior changes, with the largest effect size observed for Changed diet or Improved eating habits (odds ratio [OR] 5.628, 95% CI 3.932-8.055). High-exposure respondents also had significantly increased odds for 9 intended health changes, with the largest effect sizes observed for Reduce stress level (OR 4.282, 95% CI 3.086-5.941). Moderate effect size (goodness of fit) was observed for increased total number of recent (F12,2850=25.52; P.001; adjusted R2=.093) and intended health behavior changes (F12,2850=36.30; P.001; adjusted R2=.129) among high-exposure respondents. Conclusions DCM respondents contrasted the predominately precontemplative benchmark sample mapping across the contemplative, preparation, and action stages of the transtheoretical health behavior change model. Almost 10% of variation in the recent and 13% of variation in the intended health behavior changes can be explained by DCM exposure and demographic factors, indicating the acceptability of this men’s eHealth resource.

scholarly journals Promoting Men’s Health With the “Don’t Change Much” e-Program

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 155798832110011
Author(s):  
John L. Oliffe ◽  
Nick Black ◽  
Jeffrey Yiu ◽  
Ryan Flannigan ◽  
Wayne Hartrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Behavior ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Moderator Effect ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Health Behavior Changes

Men’s e-health promotion programs can offer end-user anonymity and autonomy that provide avenues for supporting positive health behavior change. The twofold purpose of the current study was to use a benchmark cohort as a reference group to: (1) describe associations between men’s usage levels of the e-health program Don’t Change Much (DCM) and their recent and intended health behavior changes, and (2) report an exploratory analysis of the moderating effects of demographic variables on the associations between DCM users and their recent and intended health behavior changes. Based on self-report, DCM users were classified into limited ( n = 613, 34.7%), low ( n = 826, 46.8%), and high ( n = 327, 18.5%) exposure groups. Compared with the benchmark cohort, DCM high-exposure respondents had significantly increased odds for eight of the nine recent behavior changes, with the largest effect size observed for “Made an effort to sit less and walk more” (odds ratio [OR] 2.996, 95% CI [2.347, 3.826]). Eight of the nine intended health behavior changes in the DCM high-exposure group had significantly increased odds compared to the benchmark cohort, with “Reduce stress level” (OR 3.428, 95% CI [2.643, 4.447]) having the largest effect size. Significantly greater total numbers of recent ( F(12, 2850) = 29.32; p = .001; R2 = .086) and intended health behavior changes ( F(12, 2850) = 34.59; p = .001; R2 = 0.100) were observed among high exposure respondents while adjusting for demographics. Younger age, being employed, and household income <$120,000 had an enhancing moderator effect on DCM users’ number of intended behavior changes.

scholarly journals Digital and Mobile Technologies to Promote Physical Health Behavior Change and Provide Psychological Support for Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery: Meta-Ethnography and Systematic Review

10.2196/19237 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e19237
Author(s):  
Anna Robinson ◽  
Umay Oksuz ◽  
Robert Slight ◽  
Sarah Slight ◽  
Andrew Husband
Keyword(s):  
Health Behavior ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
Psychological Support ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Digital Interventions ◽  
Surgical Pathway ◽  
Health Behavior Changes

Background Digital technology has influenced many aspects of modern living, including health care. In the context of elective surgeries, there is a strong association between preoperative physical and psychological preparedness, and improved postoperative outcomes. Health behavior changes made in the pre- and postoperative periods can be fundamental in determining the outcomes and success of elective surgeries. Understanding the potential unmet needs of patients undergoing elective surgery is central to motivating health behavior change. Integrating digital and mobile health technologies within the elective surgical pathway could be a strategy to remotely deliver this support to patients. Objective This meta-ethnographic systematic review explores digital interventions supporting patients undergoing elective surgery with health behavior changes, specifically physical activity, weight loss, dietary intake, and psychological support. Methods A literature search was conducted in October 2019 across 6 electronic databases (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews [PROSPERO]: CRD42020157813). Qualitative studies were included if they evaluated the use of digital technologies supporting behavior change in adult patients undergoing elective surgery during the pre- or postoperative period. Study quality was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool. A meta-ethnographic approach was used to synthesize existing qualitative data, using the 7 phases of meta-ethnography by Noblit and Hare. Using this approach, along with reciprocal translation, enabled the development of 4 themes from the data. Results A total of 18 studies were included covering bariatric (n=2, 11%), cancer (n=13, 72%), and orthopedic (n=3, 17%) surgeries. The 4 overarching themes appear to be key in understanding and determining the effectiveness of digital and mobile interventions to support surgical patients. To successfully motivate health behavior change, technologies should provide motivation and support, enable patient engagement, facilitate peer networking, and meet individualized patient needs. Self-regulatory features such as goal setting heightened patient motivation. The personalization of difficulty levels in virtual reality–based rehabilitation was positively received. Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy reduced depression and distress in patients undergoing cancer surgery. Peer networking provided emotional support beyond that of patient-provider relationships, improving quality of life and care satisfaction. Patients expressed the desire for digital interventions to be individually tailored according to their physical and psychological needs, before and after surgery. Conclusions These findings have the potential to influence the future design of patient-centered digital and mobile health technologies and demonstrate a multipurpose role for digital technologies in the elective surgical pathway by motivating health behavior change and offering psychological support. Through the synthesis of patient suggestions, we highlight areas for digital technology optimization and emphasize the importance of content tailored to suit individual patients and surgical procedures. There is a significant rationale for involving patients in the cocreation of digital health technologies to enhance engagement, better support behavior change, and improve surgical outcomes.

scholarly journals Digital and Mobile Technologies to Promote Physical Health Behavior Change and Provide Psychological Support for Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery: Meta-Ethnography and Systematic Review (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Robinson ◽  
Umay Oksuz ◽  
Robert Slight ◽  
Sarah Slight ◽  
Andrew Husband
Keyword(s):  
Health Behavior ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
Psychological Support ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Digital Interventions ◽  
Surgical Pathway ◽  
Health Behavior Changes

BACKGROUND Digital technology has influenced many aspects of modern living, including health care. In the context of elective surgeries, there is a strong association between preoperative physical and psychological preparedness, and improved postoperative outcomes. Health behavior changes made in the pre- and postoperative periods can be fundamental in determining the outcomes and success of elective surgeries. Understanding the potential unmet needs of patients undergoing elective surgery is central to motivating health behavior change. Integrating digital and mobile health technologies within the elective surgical pathway could be a strategy to remotely deliver this support to patients. OBJECTIVE This meta-ethnographic systematic review explores digital interventions supporting patients undergoing elective surgery with health behavior changes, specifically physical activity, weight loss, dietary intake, and psychological support. METHODS A literature search was conducted in October 2019 across 6 electronic databases (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews [PROSPERO]: CRD42020157813). Qualitative studies were included if they evaluated the use of digital technologies supporting behavior change in adult patients undergoing elective surgery during the pre- or postoperative period. Study quality was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool. A meta-ethnographic approach was used to synthesize existing qualitative data, using the <i>7 phases of meta-ethnography</i> by Noblit and Hare. Using this approach, along with reciprocal translation, enabled the development of 4 themes from the data. RESULTS A total of 18 studies were included covering bariatric (n=2, 11%), cancer (n=13, 72%), and orthopedic (n=3, 17%) surgeries. The 4 overarching themes appear to be key in understanding and determining the effectiveness of digital and mobile interventions to support surgical patients. To successfully motivate health behavior change, technologies should provide motivation and support, enable patient engagement, facilitate peer networking, and meet individualized patient needs. Self-regulatory features such as goal setting heightened patient motivation. The personalization of difficulty levels in virtual reality–based rehabilitation was positively received. Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy reduced depression and distress in patients undergoing cancer surgery. Peer networking provided emotional support beyond that of patient-provider relationships, improving quality of life and care satisfaction. Patients expressed the desire for digital interventions to be individually tailored according to their physical and psychological needs, before and after surgery. CONCLUSIONS These findings have the potential to influence the future design of patient-centered digital and mobile health technologies and demonstrate a multipurpose role for digital technologies in the elective surgical pathway by motivating health behavior change and offering psychological support. Through the synthesis of patient suggestions, we highlight areas for digital technology optimization and emphasize the importance of content tailored to suit individual patients and surgical procedures. There is a significant rationale for involving patients in the cocreation of digital health technologies to enhance engagement, better support behavior change, and improve surgical outcomes.

scholarly journals Developing Educational Materials to Support Older Adults With Hypertension Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 230-230
Author(s):  
Qiong Nie ◽  
Maurita Harris ◽  
Stacy Al-Saleh ◽  
Ysabel Beatrice Floresca ◽  
Wendy Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Health Behavior ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Hypertension Management ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Health Behavior Changes

Abstract A comprehensive approach to hypertension management requires medication adherence as well as more general health behavior changes. Our primary objective is to provide evidence-based and tailored education about hypertension, medications, and health self-management strategies with consideration for different stages of behavior change, health literacy, education, disease knowledge, and experience. To facilitate health behavior change, enable information seeking, and increase engagement, the educational materials provide different layers of information, including tips and information in the MEDSReM app, as well as more detailed educational content on the web portal. We will present examples of the materials in different formats to show how they are tailored to ease comprehension, support adherence, and influence behavior change. These educational materials will have broad utility outside of the MEDSReM system, and will also serve as the education-only comparison condition for the randomized controlled trial.

A Procedural Model for Planning and Evaluating Behavioral Interventions

2005 ◽  
Vol 44 (02) ◽  
pp. 299-302
Author(s):  
G. C. Hyner
Keyword(s):  
Health Behavior ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Change Strategies ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Influence Behavior

Summary Objective: A model for planning, implementing and evaluating health behavior change strategies is proposed. Variables are presented which can be used in the model or serve as examples for how the model is utilized once a theory of health behavior is adopted. Results: Examples of three innovative strategies designed to influence behavior change are presented so that the proposed model can be modified for use following comprehensive screening and baseline measurements. Three measurement priorities: clients, methods and agency are subjected to three phases of assessment: goals, implementation and effects. Conclusion: Lifestyles account for the majority of variability in quality-of-life and premature morbidity and mortality. Interventions designed to influence healthy behavior changes must be driven by theory and carefully planned and evaluated. The proposed model is offered as a useful tool for the behavior change strategist.

scholarly journals Educational and Gender Differences in Health Behavior Changes After a Gateway Diagnosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine M. Hernandez ◽  
Rachel Margolis ◽  
Robert A. Hummer
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
The United States ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Socioeconomic Gradient ◽  
Educational Differences ◽  
Hypertension Diagnosis ◽  
Health Behavior Changes

Objective: Hypertension represents a gateway diagnosis to more serious health problems that occur as people age. We examine educational differences in three health behavior changes people often make after receiving this diagnosis in middle or older age, and test whether these educational differences depend on (a) the complexity of the health behavior change and (b) gender. Method: We use data from the Health and Retirement Study and conduct logistic regression analysis to examine the likelihood of modifying health behaviors post diagnosis. Results: We find educational differences in three behavior changes—antihypertensive medication use, smoking cessation, and physical activity initiation—after a hypertension diagnosis. These educational differences in health behaviors were stronger among women compared with men. Discussion: Upon receiving a hypertension diagnosis, education is a more important predictor of behavior changes for women compared with men, which may help explain gender differences in the socioeconomic gradient in health in the United States.

scholarly journals The Impact of Racial and Non-racial Discrimination on Health Behavior Change Among Visible Minority Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl L. Currie ◽  
Erin K. Higa
Keyword(s):  
Health Behavior ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Visible Minority ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Stress Eating ◽  
Health Behavior Changes ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction Pre-pandemic health behavior has been put forward as a reason for excess COVID-19 infection and death in some racialized groups. At the same time, scholars have labeled racism the other pandemic and argued for its role in the adverse COVID-19 outcomes observed. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of discrimination on health behavior change among racialized adults in the early stages of the pandemic. Methods Data were collected from 210 adults who identified as a visible minority in Alberta, Canada, in June 2020. The Everyday Discrimination Scale (Short Version) was adapted to examine past-month experiences. Four questions asked if alcohol/cannabis use and stress eating had significantly increased, and if sleep and exercise had significantly decreased in the past month. Logistic regression models examined associations between discrimination attributed to racial and non-racial causes and health behavior change adjusted for covariates. Results The majority of adults (56.2%) reported past-month discrimination including 26.7% who attributed it to their race. Asian adults reported more racial discrimination and discrimination due to people believing they had COVID-19 than other visible minorities. Racial discrimination during the pandemic was strongly associated with increased substance use (OR: 4.0, 95% CI 1.2, 13.4) and decreased sleep (OR: 7.0, 95% CI 2.7, 18.4), and weakly associated with decreased exercise (OR: 2.2, 95% CI 1.1, 4.5). Non-racial discrimination was strongly associated with decreased sleep (OR: 4.8, 95% CI 1.8, 12.5). Conclusion Racial discrimination may have a particularly important effect on intensifying adverse health behavior changes among racialized adults during a time of global crisis.

scholarly journals Maintenance of Health Behaviors: Exploring the Construct and Its Implications on Research, Education, and Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 826-827
Author(s):  
Jaime Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Health Behavior ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
Think Tank ◽  
Research Education ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Successful Behavior ◽  
Health Behavior Changes

Abstract Modifying health behaviors, including diet, physical activity, sleep, and/or medication adherence, can have a range of positive effects on older adults’ overall health, function, and well-being. Although many evidence-based programs exist to support the initiation of health behavior changes, few address longterm maintenance. Emerging research suggests initiation and maintenance are distinct constructs, each requiring unique skills. Furthermore, maintaining health behaviors depends upon health promotion programs that are sustained, or continually delivered with high fidelity, at community and population levels. The objective of this symposium is to present findings from a series of research projects designed to investigate the concept of behavior change maintenance. Activities were supported by NIA Research Centers Collaborative Network (RCCN) funding and included community listening sessions plus an interdisciplinary think tank of national thought leaders. This symposium will begin with an overview of health behavior change, including the rationale for studying maintenance as a critical yet overlooked phase of successful behavior change (J. Hughes). A proposed conceptual model of maintenance will then be discussed, including constructs distinguishing maintenance from initiation (Raj). These introductory presentations will be followed by a discussion of multi-level barriers and facilitators related to maintenance on individual, community, and population levels (S. Hughes). The session will close with implications for research, education, and practice (Bettger).

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