scholarly journals Call For Life, Uganda: Acceptability Of A Mobile Phone Support To Promote Adherence To Anti-Retroviral Therapy For Young Adults In A Randomised Control Trial: A Qualitative Review (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Bwanika Naggirinya
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Interactive Voice Response ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Randomised Control Trial ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Art Adherence ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Living With Hiv

BACKGROUND : Adherence to treatment is critical to obtain successful treatment outcomes. While factors influencing antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence vary, young adults are less likely to adhere because of psychosocial issues such as stigma, ART-related side effects as well as lack of access to treatment. Call for Life mHealth tool (C4LU), is a mobile phone- based technology that provides text messages or Interactive Voice Response (IVR) functionalities, through a web-interface and offers four modules including pill reminders, clinic visit reminders, health tips and symptom self-reporting support. Within a randomised control trial, we assessed perspectives and experiences of young adults living with human immunodeficiency virus towards the C4LU- system, with the objective to improve ART adherence among young people living with HIV with help of mHealth tool. OBJECTIVE To improve ART adherence among young people living with HIV through use of mHealth tool. METHODS This was an exploratory qualitative design at two study sites nested within an open label randomized controlled trial (RCT) entitled: “Improving outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients using mobile phone based interactive software support “Call for Life study A total of 600 participants were randomly assigned 1:1 to either Standard of Care (SoC)- face-to-face counsellor adherence support or SoC plus mHealth call for life system (C4LU). C4LU uses Interactive voice response or text messages delivered via mobile phone. The qualitative study explored perspectives and experiences of young adults (18-24 years) towards the mHealth tool “C4LU”. A purposive sample of twenty-one vulnerable youth, seventeen from the intervention and four from the SoC arm were selected. We used semi-structured interviews to facilitate an in-depth exploration of experiences of young adults regarding C4LU-System. Thirteen in-depth interviews and one focus group discussion were conducted. The young adults were from four categories of population of interest that were targeted to be offered specialised care: young adults on PMTCT, switching to / or on second line ART, positive partners in a discordant relationship and initiating 1st line ART. Data was managed using Nvivo version 11 and analysed thematically. RESULTS C4LU-mHealth tool was perceived as an acceptable intervention for young adults. While on the system, participants reported: improvement in medication adherence, strengthened doctor /clinician -patient relationships, increased health knowledge through educative health tips. Appointment reminders and symptom reporting were singled out as beneficial because the system would address and manage the problems of forgetfulness, and stigma related issues. CONCLUSIONS The system was described as an acceptable and feasible strategy to improve ART adherence and retention among young adults in resource limited settings CLINICALTRIAL Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT 02953080

Polypharmacy and Drug–Drug Interactions in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in the Region of Madrid, Spain: A Population-Based Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz López-Centeno ◽  
Carlos Badenes-Olmedo ◽  
Ángel Mataix-Sanjuan ◽  
Katie McAllister ◽  
José M Bellón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Red Flag ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background Drug–drug interactions (DDIs) that involve antiretrovirals (ARVs) tend to cause harm if unrecognized, especially in the context of comorbidity and polypharmacy. Methods A linkage was established between the drug dispensing registry of Madrid and the Liverpool human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) DDI database (January 2017–June 2017). Polypharmacy was defined as the use of ≥5 non-HIV medications, and DDIs were classified by a traffic-light ranking for severity. Results A total of 22 945 people living with HIV (PLWH) and 6 613 506 individuals without HIV had received medications. ARV regimens were predominantly based on integrase inhibitors (51.96%). Polypharmacy was higher in PLWH (32.94%) than individuals without HIV (22.16%; P < .001); this difference was consistently observed across all age strata except for individuals ≥75 years. Polypharmacy was more common in women than men in both PLWH and individuals without HIV. The prevalence of contraindicated combinations involving ARVs was 3.18%. Comedications containing corticosteroids, quetiapine, or antithrombotic agents were associated with the highest risk for red-flag DDI, and the use of raltegravir- or dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy was associated with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.72 (95% confidence interval, .60–.88; P = .001) for red-flag DDI. Conclusions Polypharmacy was more frequent among PLWH across all age groups except those aged ≥75 years and was more common in women. The detection of contraindicated medications in PLWH suggests a likely disconnect between hospital and community prescriptions. Switching to alternative unboosted integrase regimens should be considered for patients with risk of harm from DDIs.

scholarly journals Human immunodeficiency virus infection and inflammatory arthritis: A review of clinical and imaging features

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhana E. Suleman ◽  
Mahmood M.T.M. Ally
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
The People ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Articular Pain

The reported prevalence of articular manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) varies, but with sub-Saharan Africa accounting for almost 70% of the people living with HIV, this results in a considerable burden of disease in the region. The spectrum of clinical presentation described, includes articular pain syndrome, HIV-associated arthropathy and seronegative spondyloarthropathies, among others. This brief review serves to create awareness of the clinical and imaging presentation of this spectrum of disease as there is significant morbidity associated with these conditions if treatment is delayed.

scholarly journals Quality of Life People Living with HIV-AIDS (PLWHA) with Antiretroviral therapy in Cendana Clinic Ngudi Waluyo Wlingi Hospital

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 006-014
Author(s):  
Erni Setiyorini
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Environment Problem ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)is desease with high mortality and everyone have chancegot HIV. At Blitar HIV/AIDS prevalence increase since 2010. The incubation of HIV need long time tobecome AIDS. At this period PLWHA faced with physic, physichologic, sosial, environment problem andimpact to their quality of life. The purpose of this study was to describe quality of life PLWHA at physic,physichologic, sosial, environment dimension. Method: Research design was descriptive. Population ofthis study is PLWHA who receiving ARV at Cendana Clinic Ngudi Waluyo Wlingi Hospital. Samples 42respondent by using convenient sampling. Data collected at September 1st– 30, 2013 by questionaire.Result of this study in physic dimension much of them at good 16 peoples (38,1%), enough and less, eachof them 13 peoples (31%). Physhicology dimension at good and enough, each of them 20 peoples(47,6%) then at less 2 peoples (4,8%). Sosial dimension enough 25 peoples (59,5%), good 15 peoples(35,7%) and less 2 peoples (4,8%). Environment dimension enough 16 peoples (38,1%), good 15peoples (35,7%) dan kurang 11 orang (26,2%). It is suggested for nurse to implementation nursing careplan to PLWHA suitable with their quality of life dimension and enhance support to their sosial activity.

scholarly journals ATRIBUSI KOMUNIKASI ORANG DENGAN HIV/AIDS (ODHA) KEPADA KERABAT DEKAT DI YOGYAKARTA

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Mugiarjo Mugiarjo
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Significant Others ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hiv Aids

<div><em>Regarding the response to self-disclosure, a person needs to make an attribution in order to know whether the response is really an intention or just a diversion. This </em><em>article</em><em> </em><em>based on </em><em>qualitative methods. Data collect</em><em>ed by </em><em>observation,</em><em> </em><em>interview</em><em>, and documentation</em><em>. The results of this study indicate that </em><em>People Living With HIV/Aids (</em><em>PLWHA</em><em>)</em><em> carry out quite strict regulations by conducting an assessment first before disclosing their </em><em>Human Immunodeficiency Virus (</em><em>HIV</em><em>)</em><em> status. The response obtained after they opened the status to the significant others was attributed by. The basis of sincere acceptance and response, the stability of the relationship between PLWHA and significant others after opening the status can be maintained, even stronger. PLWHA rely heavily on the power of spirituality to be able to build themselves better. In addition, the ability to make peace with oneself over their circumstances also influenced by this spirituality. Appreciation of spirituality also indicate that their engagement with God strengthened. This strength is shown by their awareness of the meaning of life.</em></div>

scholarly journals FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HEPATITIS B AND C CO-INFECTION AMONG PEOPLE LIVING WITH HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS IN VIETNAM

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 147-154
Author(s):  
Le Hieu Thuy Anh ◽  
Suchada Thaweesit
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Living With Hiv

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are the leading causes of death from infectious diseases. Because of sharing same transmission routes, the co-infection of HIV with HBV or HCV is common. And the co-infections make HIV infected persons have higher morbidity and mortality than those who infected only with HIV. This study aims to investigate factors that may have influence on the co-infections of HBV or HCV among HIV positive individuals.Objective: The goals of this study were to identify factors associated with the co-infection of HBV or HCV among people living with HIV. Methods: Quantitative research method was applied in this study to examine factors associated with HBV or HCV co-infection among HIV infected people. A total of 250 HIV infected individuals in Khanh Hoa province, Vietnam were the sample of this study. It employed the Social Ecological Model (SEM) as a theoretical perspective that focused on multiple levels of factors. Descriptive statistic was used to describe the general characteristics of the respondents. And Binary logistic regression was carried out to measure the influence of factors on the co-infection. Results: The multivariate analysis of this study showed that HIV-HBV co-infection was associated significantly with residents of Nha Trang (OR= 7.179). Regarding HIV-HCV co-infection, being men (OR= 7.617), unemployed (OR= 4.013), a resident of Nha Trang (OR=10.894) and an injecting drug user (OR= 16.688) were risk factors of the co-infection.Conclusions: This study recommended that intervention strategies to prevent HIV-positive individuals from co-infection with either HBV or HCV should focuses on altering individuals’ risk behaviors and their socio-economic environments. Also, specific preventing programs should be implemented and focus on unemployed populations, injecting drug users, men in general, as well as people living in particular areas, especially cities having a large number of people living with HIV.

scholarly journals Dynamics of the Decay of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) RNA and Distribution of Bictegravir in the Genital Tract and Rectum in Antiretroviral-naive Adults Living With HIV–1 Treated With Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide (Spanish HIV/AIDS Research Network, PreEC/RIS 58)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkaitz Imaz ◽  
Juan M Tiraboschi ◽  
Jordi Niubó ◽  
Javier Martinez-Picado ◽  
Mackenzie L Cottrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Research Network ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Half Maximal Effective Concentration ◽  
Tenofovir Alafenamide ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Background The pharmacokinetics of bictegravir (BIC) and its association with the decay of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–1 RNA in genital fluids and the rectum have not yet been addressed. Methods We conducted a prospective, multicenter study of antiretroviral-naive people living with HIV-1 and initiating BIC/emtricitabine (FTC)/tenofovir alafenamide (TAF). HIV-1 RNA was measured (limit of quantification, 40 copies/mL) in blood plasma (BP), seminal plasma (SP), rectal fluid (RF), and cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) at baseline; Days 3, 7, 14, and 28; and Weeks 12 and 24. Total and protein-unbound BIC concentrations at 24 hours postdose (C24h) were quantified in BP, SP, CVF and rectal tissue (RT) on Day 28 and Week 12 using a validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay. Results The study population comprised 15 males and 8 females. In SP, RF, and CVF, the baseline HIV-1 RNA was &gt;40 copies/mL in 12/15, 13/15, and 4/8 individuals, respectively, with medians of 3.54 (2.41–3.79), 4.19 (2.98–4.70), and 2.56 (1.61–3.56) log10 copies/mL, respectively. The initial decay slope was significantly lower in SP than in RF and BP. The time to undetectable HIV-1 RNA was significantly shorter in SP and RF than in BP. All women achieved undetectable HIV-1 RNA in CVF at Day 14. The median total BIC concentrations in SP, RT, and CVF were 65.5 (20.1–923) ng/mL, 74.1 (6.0–478.5) ng/g, and 61.6 (14.4–1760.2) ng/mL, respectively, representing 2.7%, 2.6%, and 2.8% of the BP concentration, respectively, while the protein-unbound fractions were 51.1%, 44.6%, and 42.6%, respectively. Conclusions BIC/FTC/TAF led to rapid decay of HIV-1 RNA in genital and rectal fluids. Protein-unbound BIC concentrations in SP, RT, and CVF highly exceeded the half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) value (1.1 ng/mL). Clinical Trials Registration EudraCT 2018-002310-12.

scholarly journals Physical Functioning Among Patients Aging With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Versus HIV Uninfected: Feasibility of Using the Short Physical Performance Battery in Clinical Care of People Living With HIV Aged 50 or Older

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi M Crane ◽  
Michael E Miller ◽  
June Pierce ◽  
Amanda L Willig ◽  
Michael Lloyd Case ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Physical Functioning ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) is a well regarded physical functioning assessment including balance, gait speed, and chair-stand tests. Its use has not been widely assessed in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care. We evaluated the feasibility of integrating the SPPB into care of aging people living with HIV (PLWH) and compared SPPB performance with aged HIV-uninfected individuals. Methods We enrolled PLWH aged ≥50 at 3 HIV clinics and compared their SPPB scores and subscores with older HIV-uninfected adults in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition (Health ABC) study. We conducted regression analyses on age stratified by sex and adjusting for site, and we calculated percentage variance explained by age among PLWH and HIV-uninfected adults. Results The SPPB was feasible to implement in clinical care and did not require licensed professionals; 176 PLWH completed it with a mean completion time of 7.0 minutes (standard deviation = 2.6). Overall mean SPPB score among PLWH was 10.3 (median 11.0, 25th percentile 9.0, 75th percentile 12.0). People living with HIV were younger than HIV-uninfected individuals (55 vs 74 years old). Mean SPPB scores and most subscores were similar among PLWH and older HIV-uninfected individuals despite the ~20-year age difference. Regression analyses of gait speed revealed similar slopes in PLWH and HIV-uninfected individuals; however, separate intercepts were needed for PLWH. Mean gait speeds were faster in older HIV-uninfected men and women (P &lt; .01), yet relationships with age within PLWH and HIV uninfected were similar. Conclusions The SPPB can be implemented into busy HIV clinics. Despite the ~20-year age difference, mean scores were similar among PLWH and older HIV-uninfected individuals, although gait speed was faster among HIV-uninfected individuals.

scholarly journals A 28-Day Toxicity Study of Tenofovir Alafenamide Hemifumarate by Subcutaneous Infusion in Rats and Dogs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doris Zane ◽  
Shane Roller ◽  
Josephine Shelton ◽  
Roshni Singh ◽  
Rachna Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Subcutaneous Infusion ◽  
Helpful Tool ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapies ◽  
Preexposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Tenofovir Alafenamide ◽  
Living With Hiv

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection continues to be a serious global human health issue, with ∼38 million people living with HIV worldwide at the end of 2019. HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has introduced the use of antiretroviral therapies as another helpful tool for slowing the spread of HIV worldwide.

scholarly journals Mainstreaming Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Insurance in India: Opportunities and Challenges

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-74
Author(s):  
Mayur Trivedi ◽  
A. Venkat Raman
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Managerial Ability ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Living With Hiv

Millions of Indians fall into poverty because of the private high Out of Pocket pattern of health financing, due to the absence of insurance coverage. Conditions like HIV and AIDS also influence poverty due to a lifelongtreatment requirement. Access to insurance coverage (commercial or voluntary) has been denied to People Living with HIV (PLHIV) through various clauses. However lately, there have been certain experiments on inclusion of HIV into new or existing schemes. This paper provides a systematic review of coverage, managerial and financial systems of selected cases of HIV insurance pilots in India with an objective to explore its sustainability and ability to be replicated. A cross-sectional descriptive analysis of existing literature and in-depth case studies of relevant health insurance schemes were used for the review. Data was compiled using qualitative data collection tools such as in-depth interviews with officials. The schemes were analysed using two frameworks viz. managerial ability and coverage ability. The managerial ability was analysed through a Strength-Weakness-Opportunity-Threat(SWOT) analysis. The coverage ability was analysed through three dimensions viz. a) breadth b) depth and c) height. In India, there are two types of insurance policies vis-à-vis HIV coverage. These were categorised as HIV-specific and HIV-sensitive policies. Of the seven pilot schemes reviewed, the small-scale health insurance schemes show limited success owing to smaller pool and limited managerial capabilities. The large schemes offer avenues for mainstreaming butpose issues of governance as well as marketing among PLHIVs. The findings of the research identify a specific set of issues and challenges for sustainability and replication from three perspectives viz. a) market, b) cost recovery and sustainability and c) equitable coverage. Abbreviations: AIDS – Acquired Immune Deficient Syndrome; ART - Anti-retroviral Therapy; BPL – Below Poverty Line; FF-HIP – Freedom Foundation Health Insurance Policy; HIV – Human Immunodeficiency Virus; IRDA – Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority; NGO – Non Government Organisation; PLHIV – People Living with HIV; OI – Opportunistic Infections; OOP – Out of Pocket; RSBY – Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana; STI – Sexually Transmitted Infection; SWOT – Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats; UHC – Universal Health Coverage; UNDP – United Nations Development Program.

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