The effectiveness of technology-based distance weight loss interventions on body composition in health care: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heli Lahtio
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
Weight Loss Interventions

BACKGROUND Overweight and obesity are major problems worldwide and they lead to an increased risk for several diseases. The use of technology in the treatment of obesity is promising, but there is considerable uncertainty regarding its efficacy in the current literature. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review was to study the effectiveness of technology-based distance weight loss interventions in health care on body composition in comparison to control groups that do not use technology. The aim of the meta-regression was to evaluate the factors associated with the changes in body composition outcomes in a comprehensive PICOS -framework. METHODS Studies were searched from eight databases. The inclusion criteria were developed based on the PICOS-framework (population: 18-65 years; intervention: technology-based distance weight loss interventions; comparison: control groups without technology; outcome: BMI, waist circumference or body fat percentage; study design: randomized controlled trial). Meta-analysis and meta-regression were performed. RESULTS The meta-analysis included 30 studies. The quality of the studies was moderate (7/13). A statistically significant difference was observed in BMI (MD 0.83; 95% CI 0.51 to 1.15; P < .0001), waist circumference (MD 2.45; 95% CI 1.83 to 3.07; P < .0001), and body fat percentage (MD 1.07; 95% CI 0.74 to 1.41; P < .0001) in favor of the weight loss groups using technology. According to the findings of the meta-regression, interventions with personal feedback and higher quality of the studies may have been associated with a reduction in waist circumference and lower body fat percentage. CONCLUSIONS Technology-based distance weight loss interventions significantly reduced BMI, waist circumference, and body fat percentage. Future studies should focus on the comparability of the intervention content but also on the relations between the type of technology, behavioral change models, and biopsychosocial factors. CLINICALTRIAL This systematic review is registered in Prospero (CRD42016035831).

scholarly journals European Guidelines for Obesity Management in Adults with a Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Obesity Facts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-245
Author(s):  
Giovanna Muscogiuri ◽  
Marwan El Ghoch ◽  
Annamaria Colao ◽  
Maria Hassapidou ◽  
Volkan Yumuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Obesity Management ◽  
Weight Loss Interventions

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) has been recently proposed as an appealing nutritional strategy for obesity management. The VLCKD is characterized by a low carbohydrate content (&#x3c;50 g/day), 1–1.5 g of protein/kg of ideal body weight, 15–30 g of fat/day, and a daily intake of about 500–800 calories. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The aim of the current document is to suggest a common protocol for VLCKD and to summarize the existing literature on its efficacy in weight management and weight-related comorbidities, as well as the possible side effects. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This document has been prepared in adherence with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Literature searches, study selection, methodology development, and quality appraisal were performed independently by 2 authors and the data were collated by means of a meta-analysis and narrative synthesis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of the 645 articles retrieved, 15 studies met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed, revealing 4 main findings. First, the VLCKD was shown to result in a significant weight loss in the short, intermediate, and long terms and improvement in body composition parameters as well as glycemic and lipid profiles. Second, when compared with other weight loss interventions of the same duration, the VLCKD showed a major effect on reduction of body weight, fat mass, waist circumference, total cholesterol and triglyceridemia as well as improved insulin resistance. Third, although the VLCKD also resulted in a significant reduction of glycemia, HbA1c, and LDL cholesterol, these changes were similar to those obtained with other weight loss interventions. Finally, the VLCKD can be considered a safe nutritional approach under a health professional’s supervision since the most common side effects are usually clinically mild and easily to manage and recovery is often spontaneous. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The VLCKD can be recommended as an effective dietary treatment for individuals with obesity after considering potential contra-indications and keeping in mind that any dietary treatment has to be personalized. <b><i>Prospero Registry:</i></b> The assessment of the efficacy of VLCKD on body weight, body composition, glycemic and lipid parameters in overweight and obese subjects: a meta-analysis (CRD42020205189).

scholarly journals Effects of Taekwondo Training on Body Composition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11550
Author(s):  
Seunghui Baek ◽  
Jong-Beom Park ◽  
Sang-Hwan Choi ◽  
Jae-Don Lee ◽  
Sang-Seok Nam
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Positive Effect

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Taekwondo training on body composition and to evaluate the magnitude of the effect. Methods: Databases were used to select studies related to the effectiveness of Taekwondo training, and the inclusion criteria were as follows. Results: Thirty-seven studies were selected. We found statistically significant differences from the control group in weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist–hip ratio (WHR), body fat mass, body fat percentage, lean mass, and muscle mass. Also, the age group was statistically significant in control variables on weight, BMI, and body fat percentage. Conclusions: Taekwondo training had a positive effect on body composition, and these results suggest that Taekwondo training is an effective exercise method to lower obesity.

scholarly journals OXYGEN UPTAKE AND INDICATORS OF OBESITY: META-ANALYSIS INCLUDING 17,604 ADOLESCENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 621-626
Author(s):  
Eliane Cristina de Andrade Gonçalves ◽  
Ricardo Fernandes ◽  
Carlos Alencar Souza Alves Junior ◽  
Diego Augusto Santos Silva ◽  
Erasmo Benício Santos de Moraes Trindade
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Body Adiposity ◽  
Run Test ◽  
Shuttle Run

ABSTRACT Introduction: Low aerobic fitness levels are associated with excess body adiposity in adolescents. However, studies that have analyzed this association in adolescents have used different methods and measures to evaluate aerobic fitness, making it difficult to compare the results. Objective: To conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis of studies that have analyzed the association between aerobic fitness and anthropometric body adiposity indicators in adolescents aged 10-19 years. Methods: A systematic search was performed in May 2016, updated in March 2017, in the following electronic databases: LILACS (BIREME), Embase, MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science (Web of Knowledge), Scopus, and SPORTDiscus. Results: Twenty-three studies were selected. The meta-analysis indicated that as the aerobic fitness levels increased, the BMI, waist circumference and body fat percentage values of the adolescents decreased. Conclusion: There is a negative association between aerobic fitness (evaluated by measuring maximum oxygen uptake in the 20-meter Shuttle Run test) and the body fat percentage, BMI and waist circumference of adolescents and a negative association between aerobic fitness (assessed by measuring the number of laps in the 20-meter Shuttle Run test) and body fat percentage. However, caution is required in the interpretation of data due to the heterogeneity of the studies analyzed. Level of Evidence II; Systematic review of studies with level II of evidence.

scholarly journals Phytonutrients: A Potential Role in Obesity (P08-047-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Orgeron ◽  
Janet Pope ◽  
Dawn Erickson ◽  
Vicky Green
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Body Adiposity

Abstract Objectives The primary aim of this study was to determine if phytonutrient intake, measured by the phytonutrient index (PI), is correlated with body composition in participants in Thibodaux, Louisiana. In addition, a second aim was to examine if intake of certain phytonutrient rich foods (based on green, reddish/purple, and yellow/orange colored fruits and vegetables) correlates with body fat percentage, waist circumference, and Body Mass Index (BMI). Methods Participants Fifty (50) participants, ages18–54 selected. Exclusions were morbidly obese (BMI > 40 kg/m2) and pregnant subjects. Procedures Body adiposity was measured by waist circumference, BMI, and fat percentage. Subjects completed three pass 24-hour food recalls (two weekdays/one weekend day. Each completed FFQ to determine the intake of the specific color. Caloric intake was estimated using ESHA software and used for PI calculation. PI formula estimated how much of the subject's energy intake was from phytonutrient rich foods (phytonutrient-rich kcal/total intake kcal) × 100.Phytonutrient rich foods primarily include fruits and vegetables, but also legumes, olive oil, and wine. Pearson correlation was used to assess correlations between phytonutrient index and body adiposity measures. Background data on every participant was gathered such as age, sex, health status, and race. IBM SPSS Statistics was used to analyze the data. Results considered statistically significant if p-value < 0.05. Results The results showed a strong inverse correlation between PI and BMI (r = –0.753, P = 0.00), waist circumference (r = –0.730, P = 0.00), and body fat percentage (r = –0.701, P = 0.00). The intake of the specific phytonutrients and improved body composition did show a statistical significance. Individuals with higher weekly intakes of chlorophyll, carotenoid, and anthocyanin rich foods had better body composition in comparison to those who consumed less (P < 0.05; F > Fcrit). Participants with various health conditions had an average PI lower than the population average (38.1 + 22.1). This was true of participants with type 2 diabetes (22 + 17.7), hypertension (17.4 + 11.6), hyperlipidemia (21.6 + 19.4), and osteoarthritis (24.3 + 27.4). Conclusions The data in this study demonstrates that there is a strong correlation between higher phytonutrient intake and improved body composition (and disease prevalence). However this correlation remained consistent despite which type of phytonutrients were consumed. These findings conclude that overall diet quality seems to make the most difference, but the phytonutrients in fruits/vegetables are thought to be a key reason for those benefits. Funding Sources Louisiana Tech University. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

scholarly journals Can dietary viscous fiber affect body weight independently of an energy-restrictive diet? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 471-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Jovanovski ◽  
Nourah Mazhar ◽  
Allison Komishon ◽  
Rana Khayyat ◽  
Dandan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Calorie Restriction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Ad Libitum

ABSTRACT Background The role of dietary fiber in obesity management remains debatable. Evidence suggests that intake of viscous fiber may have the potential to facilitate weight loss. Objective We aimed to summarize and quantify the effects of viscous fiber on body weight, BMI, waist circumference, and body fat, independent of calorie restriction, through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Methods Trials ≥4 wk in duration that assessed the effect of viscous fiber supplemented to an ad libitum diet along with comparator diets were included. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library were searched through 24 July, 2019. Two independent reviewers extracted relevant data. Data were pooled using the generic inverse variance method and random-effects models and expressed as mean differences with 95% CIs. Interstudy heterogeneity was assessed (Cochran Q statistic) and quantified (I2 statistic). The overall certainty of evidence was explored using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Results Findings from 62 trials (n = 3877) showed that viscous fiber reduced mean body weight (−0.33 kg; 95% CI: −0.51, −0.14 kg; P = 0.004), BMI (in kg/m2) (−0.28; 95% CI: −0.42, −0.14; P = 0.0001), and waist circumference (−0.63 cm; 95% CI: −1.11, −0.16 cm; P = 0.008), with no change in body fat (−0.78%; 95% CI: −1.56%, 0.00%; P = 0.05) when consumed with an ad libitum diet. Greater reductions in body weight were observed in overweight individuals and those with diabetes and metabolic syndrome. The certainty of evidence was graded moderate for body weight, high for waist circumference and body fat, and low for BMI. Conclusions Dietary viscous fiber modestly yet significantly improved body weight and other parameters of adiposity independently of calorie restriction. Future trials are warranted to address the inconsistency and imprecision identified through GRADE and to determine long-term weight-loss sustainability. This systematic review and meta-analysis was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03257449.

scholarly journals Effect of high intensity interval training on body fat indicators in adults with overweight or obesity: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
Wesley Souza Vale ◽  
Armando Henrique Costa ◽  
Sergio Carvalho Machado ◽  
Geraldo Albuquerque Maranhão Neto ◽  
Thaísa Alves Penna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Objective: To examine the effects of high-intensity interval training on body fat indicators in overweight and obese adults. Methods: Randomized trials were included in the systematic review. Direct measures (e.g. whole-body fat) and indirect measures (e.g. waist circumference) were examined. Results: From 1156 articles initially screened, 24 were included. The majority of studies were conducted, at least, for 10 weeks. High-intensity interval training elicited reductions in whole- body fat indicators. The meta-analytic models showed significant differences after high-intensity interval training intervention among body weight, fat mass and fat percentage. On the other hand, body mass index and waist circumference did not present significant results. Conclusions: High-intensity exercise training can induce body composition improvements in overweight and obese individuals. High-intensity interval training may be a time-efficient component of weight management programs.

scholarly journals Neonatal body composition by air displacement plethysmography in healthy term singletons: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia Wiechers ◽  
Sara Kirchhof ◽  
Christoph Maas ◽  
Christian F. Poets ◽  
Axel R. Franz
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
Intrauterine Environment ◽  
Air Displacement Plethysmography ◽  
Neonatal Body Composition

Abstract Background There is increasing evidence that intrauterine environment and, consequently, growth in utero have both immediate and far-reaching consequences for health. Neonatal body composition might be a more sensitive marker of intrauterine environment and neonatal adiposity than birth weight and could serve as a predictor for non-communicable diseases later in life. Methods To perform a systematic literature review on neonatal body composition determined by air displacement plethysmography in healthy infants. The systematic review was performed using the search terms “air displacement plethysmography”, “infant” and “newborn” in Pubmed. Data are displayed as mean (Standard deviation). Results Fourteen studies (including n = 6231 infants) using air displacement plethysmography fulfilled inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. In these, weighted mean body fat percentage was 10.0 (4.1) % and weighted mean fat free mass was 2883 (356) g in healthy term infants. Female infants had a higher body fat percentage (11.1 (4.1) % vs. 9.6 (4.0) %) and lower fat free mass (2827 (316) g vs. 2979 (344) g). In the Caucasian subpopulation (n = 2202 infants) mean body fat percentage was 10.8 (4.1), whereas data for reference values of other ethnic groups are still sparse. Conclusions Body composition varies depending on gender and ethnicity. These aggregated data may serve as reference for body composition in healthy, term, singletons at least for the Caucasian subpopulation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document