Predictors of adolescents’ response to Young Person’s Face IT: A web-based intervention to improve psychosocial adjustment to having an appearance-affecting condition (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deniz Zelihić ◽  
Kristin Billaud Feragen ◽  
Are Hugo Pripp ◽  
Tine Nordgreen ◽  
Heidi Williamson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Psychosocial Adjustment ◽  
Body Esteem ◽  
Psychosocial Distress ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Intervention Effects ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Primary Body

BACKGROUND Adolescents with a condition affecting their appearance that results in a visible difference can be at risk of psychosocial distress and impaired adjustment. Evidence for the effectiveness of existing interventions in improving psychosocial outcomes is limited and relevant treatment can be difficult to access. Young Person’s Face IT (YPF), a novel self-guided web-based intervention, has demonstrated potential in reducing social anxiety in adolescents with visible differences. However, more knowledge is needed regarding factors that contribute to variations in intervention effects in order to identify which adolescents may benefit most from YPF. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify predictors related to overall intervention effects following adolescents’ use of YPF. METHODS N=71 adolescents (61% girls; mean age 13.98, range 11–18 years) with a wide range of visible differences completed primary (body esteem and social anxiety symptoms) and secondary (perceived stigmatization, life disengagement, and self-rated health) outcome measures, at baseline and post-intervention. Predictor variables were demographic (age and gender), psychosocial (frequency of teasing experiences related to aspects of body and appearance, and depressive and/or anxiety symptoms), and intervention-related (time spent on YPF) factors. RESULTS Backward multiple regression revealed that higher intervention effects were predicted by gender, baseline frequency of teasing experiences, levels of depressive and/or anxiety symptoms, and time spent on YPF. However, the results were limited by low proportion of explained post-intervention variance, ranging from 1.6 to 24.1%. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that adolescent boys, adolescents who experience higher levels of psychosocial distress related to their visible difference, and adolescents that spend sufficient time on YPF, may obtain better overall intervention effects. CLINICALTRIAL NCT03165331

Reappraisal as a mediator in the link between 5-HTTLPR and social anxiety symptoms.

Emotion ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1012-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei C. Miu ◽  
Romana Vulturar ◽  
Adina Chiş ◽  
Loredana Ungureanu ◽  
James J. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms

Web-based interventions aimed at improving the mental health effects of home caregivers for dementia: Meta-analysis (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Feng ◽  
Yinan Zhao ◽  
Mingyue Hu ◽  
Hengyu Hu ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
The Web

BACKGROUND Dementia is one of the major cause of disability and dependency among the elderly worldwide, and there are general psychological distresses among caregivers in dementia, such as depression and anxiety symptoms. The physical and mental health of the caregiver is a prerequisite and a promise to help the elderly stay alive and promote health. Web-based interventions can provide for a more convenient and efficient support and education, OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of internet-based interventions on mental health outcomes of family caregivers with dementia, and exploring which components of the web-based interventions play an important role.which are likely to reduce caregivers’ negative outcomes associated with care. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Database and CINAHL by using relevant terms such as web-based and caregiver as keywords, covering all studies published before June 2018. Two reviewers independently reviewed all published abstracts, according to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria ，we extracted the information about participants, interventions and results, respectively, and reviewed the quality of articles on the methods of randomized trials using the approach recommended by the Cochrane Handbook for systematic review for intervention. RESULTS A total of 815 caregivers participated in 6 articles, and 4 of the studies use depression as an outcome, according to the research after different interventions based on network after the intervention, depression scores average drop of 0.23 (95%CI -0.38 to -0.07, p<0.01), 2 studies show caregivers anxiety symptoms, the average score for anxiety dropped by 0.32 points (95% CI -0.50 to -0.14, p< 0.01), but in terms of coping, pain and stress, the web-based interventions have shown a poor effect. On the whole, the addition of professional psychological support on the basis of education can improve mental health of carers. CONCLUSIONS Internet-based interventions were generally effective in reducing anxiety and depression in dementia carers, although negative results were found in some studies. But in terms of burden and stress, further research is needed.

Investigating the Efficacy and Cost-Effectiveness of a Web-based Self-help Program for People With Adjustment Problems After an Accident (SelFIT): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Hegy ◽  
Noemi Anja Brog ◽  
Thomas Berger ◽  
Hansjoerg Znoj
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Well Being ◽  
User Friendliness ◽  
Adjustment Problems ◽  
Health Care Consumption ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Wide Range

BACKGROUND Accidents and the resulting injuries are one of the world’s biggest health care issues often causing long-term effects on psychological and physical health. With regard to psychological consequences, accidents can cause a wide range of burdens including adjustment problems. Although adjustment problems are among the most frequent mental health problems, there are few specific interventions available. The newly developed program SelFIT aims to remedy this situation by offering a low-threshold web-based self-help intervention for psychological distress after an accident. OBJECTIVE The overall aim is to evaluate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of the SelFIT program plus care as usual (CAU) compared to only care as usual. Furthermore, the program’s user friendliness, acceptance and adherence are assessed. We expect that the use of SelFIT is associated with a greater reduction in psychological distress, greater improvement in mental and physical well-being, and greater cost-effectiveness compared to CAU. METHODS Adults (n=240) showing adjustment problems due to an accident they experienced between 2 weeks and 2 years before entering the study will be randomized. Participants in the intervention group receive direct access to SelFIT. The control group receives access to the program after 12 weeks. There are 6 measurement points for both groups (baseline as well as after 4, 8, 12, 24 and 36 weeks). The main outcome is a reduction in anxiety, depression and stress symptoms that indicate adjustment problems. Secondary outcomes include well-being, optimism, embitterment, self-esteem, self-efficacy, emotion regulation, pain, costs of health care consumption and productivity loss as well as the program’s adherence, acceptance and user-friendliness. RESULTS Recruitment started in December 2019 and is ongoing. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study examining a web-based self-help program designed to treat adjustment problems resulting from an accident. If effective, the program could complement the still limited offer of secondary and tertiary psychological prevention after an accident. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03785912; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03785912?cond=NCT03785912&draw=2&rank=1

First Responders’ and Librarians’ Intention to Use Web-Based Resources for Response Information During Biological, Chemical, and Radiological Terrorism Events

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
James Turner ◽  
Terri Rebmann ◽  
Travis Loux ◽  
Donghua Tao ◽  
Alexander Garza
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Response ◽  
First Responders ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
National Library ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Emergency Responders ◽  
Internet Connection ◽  
Response Information

AbstractEmergency planners and first responders often access web-based information resources during disasters; however, these tools require an active Internet connection, which may be unavailable during a disaster. The National Library of Medicine (NLM) provides several free non-web-based disaster response tools. This study assessed intention to use web-based and non-web-based informational and response tools during disasters among emergency responders and librarians. Educational workshops were held in four Missouri cities in spring, 2016. The NLM tools were presented and attendees practiced using the tools during disaster scenarios. Pre- and post-intervention data about NLM tool awareness and intention to use these tools versus other web-based resources was collected. McNemar tests assessed a pre/post change in intention to use each resource. Four workshops were held, with a total of 74 attendees. Intention to use the NLM tools was low prior to the workshops (range: 20.3–39.2%), but increased significantly immediately afterwards (p < .001 for all pre/post comparisons). The workshops resulted in increased NLM tool awareness and increased intention to use the tools during future disasters. This provides evidence of attendees’ perceptions of the usefulness of the non-web-based NLM tools in place of other web-based tools in situations without Internet access.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of web-based and mobile health interventions designed to enhance adherence to physical activity for people with inflammatory arthritis: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandeep Sekhon ◽  
Claire White ◽  
Emma Godfrey ◽  
Aliya Amirova ◽  
Åsa Revenäs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Inflammatory Arthritis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Behaviour Change Techniques ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Intervention Content ◽  
Secondary Outcomes

Abstract Objective The aim of this systematic review was to assess the evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCT) and cohort studies for the effectiveness of digital interventions designed to enhance adherence to physical activity (PA) for people with inflammatory arthritis (IA) and describe the intervention content using established coding criteria. Methods Six electronic databases were searched for published and unpublished studies. Independent data extraction and quality assessment (Cochrane risk of bias II or ROBIN I) were conducted by two reviewers. The primary outcome was self-reported adherence to PA post-intervention. Secondary outcomes included self-reported adherence to PA at other timepoints, level of PA or engagement with intervention at any follow-up timepoint. Intervention content was assessed using the Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template and the Behaviour Change Techniques taxonomy version 1. Results From 11,136 reports, four moderate risk of bias studies (three RCTs, one cohort study) including 1,160 participants with rheumatoid arthritis or juvenile inflammatory arthritis were identified. Due to heterogeneity of outcomes, a narrative synthesis was conducted. Only one RCT reported a small between group difference in adherence to PA [mean difference (95% confidence intervals) -0.46 (-0.82. -0.09)] in favour of the intervention. There were no between group differences in any secondary outcomes. Interventions included between 3–11 behaviour change techniques but provided minimal exercise prescription information. Conclusion There is currently limited moderate quality evidence available to confidently evaluate the effect of web-based and mobile health interventions on adherence to PA or level of PA post intervention in people with IA.

scholarly journals Epidemiological modeling in StochSS Live!

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Jiang ◽  
Bruno Jacob ◽  
Matthew Geiger ◽  
Sean Matthew ◽  
Bryan Rumsey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Epidemiological Model ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Supplementary Data ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Epidemiological Modeling ◽  
Modeling Simulation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Biochemical Systems

Abstract Summary We present StochSS Live!, a web-based service for modeling, simulation and analysis of a wide range of mathematical, biological and biochemical systems. Using an epidemiological model of COVID-19, we demonstrate the power of StochSS Live! to enable researchers to quickly develop a deterministic or a discrete stochastic model, infer its parameters and analyze the results. Availability and implementation StochSS Live! is freely available at https://live.stochss.org/ Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

scholarly journals Modified CBT for social anxiety and social functioning in young adults with autism spectrum disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily R. Bemmer ◽  
Kelsie A. Boulton ◽  
Emma E. Thomas ◽  
Ben Larke ◽  
Suncica Lah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Adults With Autism ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Adults With Asd ◽  
Young Adults With Asd

Abstract Background There is a strong research imperative to investigate effective treatment options for adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Elevated social anxiety, difficulties with social functioning and poor mental health have all been identified as core treatment targets for this group. While theoretical models posit a strong bidirectionality between social anxiety and ASD social functioning deficits, few interventions have targeted both domains concurrently. Of the two group interventions previously conducted with adolescents and adults with ASD, significant results have only been observed in either social anxiety or social functioning, and have not generalised to changes in overall mood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential benefit, tolerability and acceptability of a group cognitive-behaviour therapy (CBT) intervention in young adults with ASD. Primary treatment outcomes were social anxiety symptoms and social functioning difficulties; secondary outcomes were self-reported mood and overall distress. Method Ten groups of participants completed an eight-week, modified group CBT intervention targeting both social anxiety and social functioning, that included social skills training, exposure tasks and behavioural experiment components. Seventy-eight adolescents and young adults with ASD, without intellectual impairment, aged between 16 and 38 (M = 22.77; SD = 5.31), were recruited from the community, Headspace centres and the Autism Clinic for Translational Research at the Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney. Outcomes (social anxiety, social functioning and mood) were measured pre- and post-intervention via self-report questionnaires (administered either online or through the return of hard-copy booklets), and participants were invited to provide anonymous feedback on the intervention (at the mid-point and end of the intervention). Results Participants demonstrated statistically significant improvements on all outcome measures in response to the intervention. Specifically, social anxiety symptoms decreased (p < .001), and specific subdomains of social functioning improved post-intervention, particularly in social motivation (p = .032) and restricted interests and repetitive behaviours (p = .025). Self-reported symptom improvements also generalised to mood (depression, anxiety and stress; p < .05). All improvements demonstrated small effect sizes. Participant feedback was positive and indicated strong satisfaction with the program. Limitations The absence of a control group and follow-up measures, reliance on self-report instruments as outcome measures and the exclusion of those with intellectual disability represent significant limitations to this study. Conclusions These findings indicate that a group CBT intervention appears to be a beneficial intervention for self-reported social anxiety, social functioning and overall mental health in adolescents and young adults with ASD. The stand-alone nature of the intervention combined with positive participant feedback indicates it was well tolerated, has potential clinical utility and warrants further study in a randomised-controlled, follow-up design.

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