Adsorption and Flotation of Soluble Crude Protein by Colloidal Gas Aphrons (CGA): Effect of Selected Variables and Process Modeling

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Farhana Kamel Ariffin ◽  
M. Suffian M. Annuar
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Surfactant Concentration ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Protein Recovery ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Langmuir Kinetics ◽  
Colloidal Gas Aphrons

The adsorption and flotation of soluble crude protein from dairy products by colloidal gas aphrons (CGA) were studied. Selected process variables that were studied with respect to protein recovery include volume ratio between crude protein and CGA, stirring speed in the separation vessel, and contact time and surfactant concentration used to generate CGA. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) in the buffered solution was used as the surfactant. It was found that only volume ratio between crude protein and CGA and surfactant concentration significantly influenced the protein recovery. The protein recovery achieved via its adsorption onto CGA surface and its subsequent flotation can be adequately modeled using Langmuir kinetics.

scholarly journals Auto-correlation robustness of factorial designs and GAMS in studying the effects of process variables in a dual-objective adsorption system

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mutiu Kolade Amosa ◽  
Fatai A. Aderibigbe ◽  
Adewale George Adeniyi ◽  
Joshua O. Ighalo ◽  
Bisola Taibat Bello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Factorial Designs ◽  
Adsorption System ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Operating Variables ◽  
Auto Correlation ◽  
General Algebraic Modeling System ◽  
Combined Models

AbstractThe performance of factorial designs is still limited due to some uncertainties that usually intensify process complexities, hence, the need for inter-platform auto-correlation analyses. In this study, the auto-correlation capabilities of factorial designs and General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS) on the effects of some pertinent operating variables in wastewater treatment were compared. Individual and combined models were implemented in GAMS and solved with the trio of BARON, CPLEX and IPOPT solvers. It is revealed that adsorbent dosage had the highest effect on the process. It contributed the most effect toward obtaining the minimum silica and TDS contents of 13 mg/L and 814 mg/L, and 13.6 mg/L and 815 mg/L from factorial design and GAMS platforms, respectively. This indicates a concurrence between the results from the two platforms with percentage errors of 4.4% and 0.2% for silica and TDS, respectively. The effects of the mixing speed and contact time are negligible.

scholarly journals Recovery of Protein from Dairy Milk Waste Product Using Alcohol-Salt Liquid Biphasic Flotation

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei En Tham ◽  
Yan Jer Ng ◽  
Revathy Sankaran ◽  
Kuan Shiong Khoo ◽  
Kit Wayne Chew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Protein Recovery ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Recovery Yield ◽  
Novel Approach

Expired dairy products are often disposed of due to the potential health hazard they pose to living organisms. Lack of methods to recover valuable components from them are also a reason for manufactures to dispose of the expired dairy products. Milk encompasses several different components with their own functional properties that can be applied in production of food and non-food technical products. This study aims to investigate the novel approach of using liquid biphasic flotation (LBF) method for protein extraction from expired milk products and obtaining the optimal operating conditions for protein extraction. The optimized conditions were found at 80% concentration ethanol as top phase, 150 g/L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate along with 10% (w/v) milk as bottom phase, and a flotation time of 7.5 min. The protein recovery yield and separation efficiency after optimization were 94.97% and 86.289%, respectively. The experiment has been scaled up by 40 times to ensure it can be commercialized, and the protein recovery yield and separation efficiency were found to be 78.92% and 85.62%, respectively. This novel approach gives a chance for expired milk products to be changed from waste to raw materials which is beneficial for the environment and the economy.

scholarly journals Enhanced Bactericidal Efficacy of NaOCl at pH 12 Followed by Acidified NaOCl at pH 6.5 on Enterococcus faecalis Biofilm

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 6096
Author(s):  
Ronald Wigler ◽  
Shlomo Matalon ◽  
Tomer Goldberger ◽  
Anat Or Lerner ◽  
Anda Kfir
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Red Fluorescence ◽  
Bactericidal Efficacy ◽  
Significant Difference

This study aimed to determine the bactericidal efficacy of sequential use of NaOCl pH 12 followed by acidified NaOCl pH 6.5, and compare it to that of either of these NaOCl solutions alone. E. faecalis biofilm was grown on standardized dentine specimens for four weeks. The specimens were randomly divided into four groups: (A) 4 min exposure to 0.9% saline solution (control); (B) 4 min exposure to 4% NaOCl pH 12; (C) 4 min exposure to 4% NaOCl pH 6.5; and (D) 2 min exposure to 4% NaOCl pH 12 followed by 2 min exposure to 4% NaOCl pH 6.5. The bactericidal activity was evaluated after the 4 min of contact time using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The volume ratio of red fluorescence to green and red fluorescence indicated the proportion of dead cells in the biofilm. The percent of dead cells in the saline solution group was significantly lower than those in the other groups. There was no significant difference between NaOCl pH 12 compared to NaOCl pH 6.5. The sequential use of NaOCl pH 12 followed by pH 6.5 significantly increased the percent of dead cells compared to both the samples exposed to either NaOCl pH 12 or pH 6.5. These results show that sequential irrigation protocol had a stronger bactericidal effect than the commonly used NaOCl pH 12.

scholarly journals Two-step synthesis of high aspect ratio gold nanorods

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Mortier ◽  
André Persoons ◽  
Thierry Verbiest
Keyword(s):  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
High Aspect Ratio ◽  
Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide ◽  
Surfactant Concentration ◽  
Synthetic Method ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Seed Mediated

AbstractWe describe a very simple, two-step synthetic method to prepare gold nanorods with extremely high aspect ratios (> 20) and average lengths of more than 1000 nm. The method is based on a seed-mediated growth in presence of the surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. The length and aspect ratios of the nanorods can be manipulated by varying the surfactant concentration.

SUGGESTED MODIFICATIONS OF THE CALCIUM ALGINATE SWAB TECHNIQUE

1964 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Post ◽  
G. B. Krishnamurty
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Calcium Alginate ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
American Public Health Association ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Health Association ◽  
Carry Over

Summary Modifications of the calcium alginate swab technique recommended as an alternative to cotton swabs in Standard Methods for the Examination of Dairy Products, American Public Health Association, 1960 are presented. The modifications are based on observed lysis of some gram negative bacteria during dissolution of the swab with sodium hexametaphosphate (HEX) and inhibition of some gram positive bacteria when the solvent is included in certain plating media. Since NaCl protects cells against lysis, Ringers' solution is suggested as the swab buffer for sample collecting. During dissolution of the swab HEX concentration should be 2% or less in order to minimize carry-over to the plating medium. Several plating media were studied and trypticase soy agar or its equivalent as determined with a sensitive gram positive organism such as Sarcina lutea is recommended. It is also recommended that contact time between cells and HEX be as short as possible and that 20 ml of plating medium be used for each ml of HEX-alginate-Ringers' sample.

Direct Evidence for β-Cyclodextrin-Induced Aggregation of Ionic Surfactant below Critical Micelle Concentration

1994 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 1428-1431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Bao Jiang ◽  
Xiu-Juan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Critical Micelle Concentration ◽  
Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide ◽  
Surfactant Concentration ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Sodium Dodecylsulfate ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Ionic Surfactant ◽  
Fixed Amount ◽  
Induced Aggregation

The fluorescence emission of p-dimethylaminochalcone (DMAC) has been monitored in β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMAB) or sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) mixture. In the presence of a fixed amount of β-CD, a peak-shaped variation is observed in the curve of DMAC fluorescence intensity vs. surfactant concentration below critical micelle concentration (cmc). The peak height is dependent on β-CD concentration, and no peak is noted in the absence of β-CD. Such a peak-shaped variation in DMAC fluorescence emission is shown to be direct evidence for β-CD-induced aggregation of the surfactant below cmc in aqueous solution. The 1:1 surfactant/β-CD inclusion complex is the hydrophobic source inducing the aggregation.

scholarly journals Volumetric studies of alcohols in water and aqueous micelle solutions of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Parvin ◽  
M Alauddin ◽  
M Rokonuzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Molar Volume ◽  
Apparent Molar Volume ◽  
Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide ◽  
Surfactant Concentration ◽  
Partial Molar Volumes ◽  
Chemical Society ◽  
Volume Data ◽  
Palisade Layer ◽  
Molar Volumes ◽  
Partial Molar Expansibilities

The volumetric properties of 1-propanol, cyclohexanol and butoxyethanol in water and CTAB water mixtures have been studied. The apparent molar volumes of 1-propanol, cyclohexanol and butoxyethanol in water and in aqueous solutions of CTAB were determined from density data. The partial molar volumes of the alcohols in water and aqueous micelle solutions at infinite dilution, V20(mic) were obtained from apparent molar volume data and compared with the corresponding values. The standard partial molar expansibilities, E20(mic) of the solubilizates were evaluated from V20(mic) data at various temperatures. The volumetric studies of alcohols in CTAB micelles indicate that alcohols on the average are preferentially solubilized in the palisade layer of the micelle and increasing amount of each is transferred more deep into the palisade layer of the micelle with increasing surfactant concentration and temperature. The results of standard partial molar volume, V20 and standard partial molar expansibilities, E20 are reported and discussed. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcs.v24i2.9703 Journal of Bangladesh Chemical Society, Vol. 24(2), 143-157, 2011

scholarly journals Pasture quality and cheese traceability index of Ragusano PDO cheese

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venera Copani ◽  
Paolo Guarnaccia ◽  
Luisa Biondi ◽  
Salvatore Calà Lesina ◽  
Stefania Longo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Vegetation Composition ◽  
Pasture Quality ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
Representative Farms ◽  
Pastoral Value

In the Iblei plateau (Sicily, Southern Italy) the native dairy cattle breed <em>Modicana</em> during the spring season grazes exclusively on natural pastures for the production of the <em>Ragusano</em> protected denomination of origin cheese. Along the grazing season, herbage undergoes to changes on protein, fibre and moisture content, affecting quality parameters such as plant carotenoids concentration, involved in the colour and nutritional characteristics of dairy products and potential biomarkers for authenticating fed green pasture-based diets. The aim of this work was to assess whether the <em>cheese traceability index</em>, based on the carotenoids spectra data elaboration, could be related to seasonal variations of floral composition and pasture quality. Four herbage and cheese samples were collected every two weeks in two representative farms of this area, from March to May 2013. Pasture characteristics as pastoral vegetation composition and pastoral value were analysed using the methodology developed for pastoral resources studies. <em>Traceability index</em> showed a significant positive correlation with pasture moisture and crude protein content (r=0.729* and 0.853**, respectively), while it was negatively correlated with fibre content (r=–0.719*).

Characterisation of colloidal gas aphrons for subsequent use for protein recovery

1997 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Jauregi ◽  
Steven Gilmour ◽  
Julie Varley
Keyword(s):  
Protein Recovery ◽  
Colloidal Gas Aphrons
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