scholarly journals Auto-correlation robustness of factorial designs and GAMS in studying the effects of process variables in a dual-objective adsorption system

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mutiu Kolade Amosa ◽  
Fatai A. Aderibigbe ◽  
Adewale George Adeniyi ◽  
Joshua O. Ighalo ◽  
Bisola Taibat Bello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Factorial Designs ◽  
Adsorption System ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Operating Variables ◽  
Auto Correlation ◽  
General Algebraic Modeling System ◽  
Combined Models

AbstractThe performance of factorial designs is still limited due to some uncertainties that usually intensify process complexities, hence, the need for inter-platform auto-correlation analyses. In this study, the auto-correlation capabilities of factorial designs and General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS) on the effects of some pertinent operating variables in wastewater treatment were compared. Individual and combined models were implemented in GAMS and solved with the trio of BARON, CPLEX and IPOPT solvers. It is revealed that adsorbent dosage had the highest effect on the process. It contributed the most effect toward obtaining the minimum silica and TDS contents of 13 mg/L and 814 mg/L, and 13.6 mg/L and 815 mg/L from factorial design and GAMS platforms, respectively. This indicates a concurrence between the results from the two platforms with percentage errors of 4.4% and 0.2% for silica and TDS, respectively. The effects of the mixing speed and contact time are negligible.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Pollutants from Aqueous Solutions Using Activated and Non-Activated Oak Shells: Parametric and Fractional Factorial Design Study. Part I. Removal of Copper

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer Al-Asheh ◽  
Fawzi Banat ◽  
Nagham Al-Hamed
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Fractional Factorial Design ◽  
Ion Uptake ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Operating Variables

Non-activated and chemically activated oak shells were evaluated for their ability to remove Cu2+ ions from aqueous solutions. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of contact time, sorbent concentration, Cu2+ ion concentration and the pH of the solution on the sorption process. The Cu2+ ion uptake by oak shells increased with decreasing sorbent concentration or with an increase in Cu2+ ion concentration or solution pH. The fractional factorial design technique was applied in order to determine the average Cu2+ ion uptake, the contribution of each operating variable to the value of the uptake and the interaction among the operating variables when the sorbent type, sorbent concentration, Cu2+ ion concentration, pH, contact time and salt were all varied from one level to another. Application of this technique showed that the sorbent concentration had the largest influence on the value of the Cu2+ ion uptake followed by Cu2+ ion concentration and sorbent type. Interaction among the different operating variables played an important role in the adsorption process.

scholarly journals Full Factorial Design for Gold Recovery from Industrial Solutions

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Maria Mihăilescu ◽  
Adina Negrea ◽  
Mihaela Ciopec ◽  
Petru Negrea ◽  
Narcis Duțeanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
Gold Recovery ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Gold Concentration ◽  
Commercial Resin

Gold is one of the precious metals with multiple uses, whose deposits are much smaller than the global production needs. Therefore, extracting maximum gold quantities from industrial diluted solutions is a must. Am-L-GA is a new material, obtained by an Amberlite XAD7-type commercial resin, functionalized through saturation with L-glutamic acid, whose adsorption capacity has been proved to be higher than those of other materials utilized for gold adsorption. In this context, this article presents the results of a factorial design experiment for optimizing the gold recovery from residual solutions resulting from the electronics industry using Am-L-GA. Firstly, the material was characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM), to emphasize the material’s characteristics, essential for the adsorption quality. Then, the study showed that among the parameters taken into account in the analysis (pH, temperature, initial gold concentration, and contact time), the initial gold concentration in the solution plays a determinant role in the removal process and the contact time has a slightly positive effect, whereas the pH and temperature do not influence the adsorption capacity. The maximum adsorption capacity of 29.27 mg/L was obtained by optimizing the adsorption process, with the control factors having the following values: contact time ~106 min, initial Au(III) concentration of ~164 mg/L, pH = 4, and temperature of 25 °C. It is highlighted that the factorial design method is an excellent instrument to determine the effects of different factors influencing the adsorption process. The method can be applied for any adsorption process if it is necessary to reduce the number of experiments, to diminish the resources or time consumption, or for expanding the investigation domain above the experimental limits.

scholarly journals Adsorption Studies of Cyanide (CN)- on Rice Husk Ash (RHA)

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Naeem ◽  
U Zafar ◽  
T Amann
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Cyanide Solution ◽  
Adsorption System ◽  
Solution System ◽  
Adsorbate Concentration ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Batch Technique ◽  
Different Temperatures

In this investigation, adsorption of cyanide has been studied by means of batch-technique. Percentage adsorption was determined for Rice Husk Ash (RHA)-Cyanide solution system as a function of i) contact time, ii) pH, iii) adsorbate concentration and iv) temperature. Adsorption data has been interpreted in terms of Freundlich and Langmuir equations. Thermodynamics parameters for the adsorption system have been determined at three different temperatures. The value of ΔH°=38.326KJ/mole and ΔG°=-6.117KJ/mole at 283°K suggest that the adsorption of cyanide on RHA is an endothermic and a spontaneous process.Key words: Cyanide; Rice husk ash (RHA); Adsorption Isotherms DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v46i1.3524 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 46(1), 101-104, 2011

scholarly journals Photocatalytic Degradation of Naphthalene By UV/Zno: Kinetics, Influencing Factors and Mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Aram Dokht Khatibi ◽  
Kethineni Chandrika ◽  
Ferdos Kord Mostafapour ◽  
Ali Akbar Sajadi ◽  
Davoud Balarak
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Applied Study ◽  
Batch System ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Conventional Wastewater Treatment

Conventional wastewater treatment is not able to effectively remove Aromatic hydrocarbons such as Naphthalene, so it is important to remove the remaining antibiotics from the environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of UV/ZnOphotocatalytic process in removing naphthalene antibiotics from aqueous solutions.This was an experimental-applied study that was performed in a batch system on a laboratory scale. The variables studied in this study include the initial pH of the solution, the dose of ZnO, reaction time and initial concentration of Naphthalene were examined. The amount of naphthalene in the samples was measured using GC.The results showed that by decreasing the pH and decreasing the initial concentration of naphthalene and increasing the contact time, the efficiency of the process was developed. However, an increase in the dose of nanoparticles to 0.8 g/L had enhance the efficiency of the process was enhanced, while increasing its amount to values higher than 0.8 g/L has been associated with a decrease in removal efficiency.The results of this study showed that the use of UV/ZnOphotocatalytic process can be addressed as a well-organized method to remove naphthalene from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals Optimization and Modeling of Microcystin-LR Degradation by TiO2 Photocatalyst Using Response Surface Methodology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Negar Jafari ◽  
Afshin Ebrahimi ◽  
Karim Ebrahimpour ◽  
Ali Abdolahnejad
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Operating Variables ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Maximum Removal

Introduction: Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) is a toxin with harmful effects on the liver, kidney, heart, and gastrointestinal tract. So, effective removal of MC-LR from water resources is of great importance. The aim of this study was to remove microcystin-LR (MC-LR) from aqueous solution by Titanium Dioxide (TiO2). Materials and Methods: In the present study, TiO2, as a semiconductor, was used for photodegradation of MC-LR under ultraviolet light (UV). The Response Surface Methodology was applied to investigate the effects of operating variables such as pH (A), contact time (B), and catalyst dose (B) on the removal of MC-LR. The MC-LR concentration was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results: The results showed that single variables such as A, B, and C had significant effects on MC-LR removal (pvalue < 0.05). In other words, increase of the contact time and catalyst dose had a positive effect on enhancing the removal efficiency of MC-LR, but the effect of pH was negative. The analysis of variance showed that BC, A2, and C2 variables had a significant effect on the MC-LR removal (pvalue < 0.05). Finally, the maximum removal efficiency of MC-LR was 95.1%, which occurred at pH = 5, contact time = 30 minutes, and catalyst dose = 1 g/l. Conclusion: According to the findings, TiO2, as a photocatalyst, had an appropriate effect on degradation of the MC-LR.

scholarly journals Biosorption of Pb(II) Ions byKlebsiellasp. 3S1 Isolated from a Wastewater Treatment Plant: Kinetics and Mechanisms Studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Jesús Muñoz ◽  
Francisco Espínola ◽  
Manuel Moya ◽  
Encarnación Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Mechanism Study ◽  
Lead Uptake ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Operating Variables ◽  
Biosorption Process ◽  
Central Composite Experimental Design

Lead biosorption byKlebsiellasp. 3S1 isolated from a wastewater treatment plant was investigated through a Rotatable Central Composite Experimental Design. The optimisation study indicated the following optimal values of operating variables: 0.4 g/L of biosorbent dosage, pH 5, and 34°C. According to the results of the kinetic studies, the biosorption process can be described by a two-step process, one rapid, almost instantaneous, and one slower, both contributing significantly to the overall biosorption; the model that best fits the experimental results was pseudo-second order. The equilibrium studies showed a maximum lead uptake value of 140.19 mg/g according to the Langmuir model. The mechanism study revealed that lead ions were bioaccumulated into the cytoplasm and adsorbed on the cell surface. The bacterium  Klebsiellasp. 3S1 has a good potential in the bioremoval of lead in an inexpensive and effective process.

scholarly journals Photocatalytic Efficiency of TiO2-Biomass Loaded Mixture for Wastewater Treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devagi Kanakaraju ◽  
Soon Pang Wong
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Wastewater Effluent ◽  
Photocatalytic Efficiency ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Sago Bark ◽  
Mixture Sample

The objective of this study was to assess the efficiency of a novel TiO2/modified sago bark (TiO2/MSB) mixture for the degradation of sago wastewater effluent by employing response surface methodology (RSM) using chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal as the target parameter. The highest COD removal of 64.92% was obtained using TiO2/MSB mixture sample prepared by combining 0.2 g/L TiO2and 1 w/w% MSB. Given that the highest removal was produced using this mixture sample, further optimisation of sago wastewater treatment was conducted by varying the independent variables, namely, dosage and contact time. Under this optimum condition, 0.10 g of 0.2 g/L TiO2/1% MSB had successfully reduced 52.83% COD in 120 min. Surface morphology, functional groups, and elemental analysis supported observations of the ability of TiO2/MSB mixture to remove COD. Additionally, aeration had further improved COD removal by 11%. The regression value (R2>0.99) of the model indicated a high degree of correlation between the evaluated parameters. These results proved the feasibility of TiO2photocatalysis as an appealing alternative protocol for sago wastewater treatment and solid waste from the industry can be utilised for wastewater degradation.

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