Development of Planning Method for Long-term Operation and Renewal of Wide-Area Water Supply Systems Using Mathematical Optimization

Irrigation has contributed significantly to poverty alleviation and food security; however, the sustainability of irrigated agriculture is being questioned both economically and environmentally. Agriculture is the economic sector where most water is consumed, but the lowest price is practised. This article presents an interdisciplinary approach to selecting and prioritizing infrastructure, by differentiating water sources for irrigation, in the case of two complex irrigation systems. Comparative analysis was undertaken for major hydrological, hydraulic, hydrotechnical and economic parameters in order to estimate a long-term water supply for irrigation. In the case of complex irrigation water supply systems, differentiating the ‘subsystems’ per water source and allowing their separate development require less investment and give a better chance for the project implementation. The average calculated investments in basic irrigation infrastructure were in a wide range, from EUR3327 to 10,103 ha−1, depending on anticipated water source (impoundments, groundwater and rivers). Economic water price also varied widely, EUR0.09–0.30 m−3, depending on the water source for irrigation.

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Metabolic Modelling: A Strategic Planning Tool for Water Supply Systems Management

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2110585 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (11) ◽

pp. 585 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Giada Felisa ◽

Ilaria Lauriola ◽

Valentina Ciriello ◽

Vittorio Di Federico

Keyword(s):

Water Resources ◽

Water Supply ◽

Performance Metrics ◽

Water Supply Systems ◽

Flexible Tool ◽

Metabolic Modelling ◽

Industrial Sectors ◽

Water Withdrawals ◽

Supply Systems

Water resources are essential for the economic development and sustenance of human activities belonging to the civil, agricultural and industrial sectors. Increasing water stress conditions, mainly due to climate change and population growth, imply the need to improve the resilience of water supply systems and account for sustainability of water withdrawals. Metabolic modelling approaches represent a flexible tool able to provide a support to decision making in the medium-long term, based on sustainability criteria. Here, these concepts are adopted to analyse part of the water supply network in the Province of Reggio-Emilia (Italy). Different water withdrawals scenarios are considered to account for a potential decrease in water resources availability from a quantitative perspective. As a second step, these scenarios are compared by means of a set of key performance metrics able to identify the most sustainable long-term strategy for a dynamic management of the water supply system. Results of these analysis allow to increase the resilience of the network under future scenarios, while protecting the water resources.

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Assessment of Renewal Priority of Water Pipeline Network against Earthquake Risk

Water ◽

10.3390/w13040572 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 572

Author(s):

Shogo Hamamoto ◽

Lisa Ito ◽

Akihiro Tokai

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Water Distribution ◽

Earthquake Risk ◽

Water Supply Systems ◽

Adverse Impacts ◽

Pipeline Networks ◽

Water Pipeline ◽

Priority Assessment ◽

Supply Systems

Long-term outage of drinking water supply after earthquakes has large adverse impacts on the lives of residents and cities’ water supply systems. Priority assessment is required to determine the effective order of preparing the measures against these hazards. Previous studies have insufficiently focused on the effects of seismic resistance of core pipelines, thereby affecting all the other branched pipelines that supply the water to each residential area. In our research, we aimed to propose the appropriate order of core pipelines derived from the center of the water treatment plants in Osaka, Japan against the Nankai Trough earthquake. Solutions that cause less damage have been needed because natural disaster prediction has had a lot of uncertainty. We proposed indices that can evaluate an appropriate renewal plan that considers the damage of core pipelines of water and the renewal cost for core pipeline networks based on the scenario analysis and the Monte Carlo simulation. The amount of water distribution of core pipelines in each area is the top priority when renewing them in terms of cost-effectiveness and expected rate of water outage under the disaster.

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Quantitative Analysis Method for Corrosion and Patina Progression on Plumbing Components during Long-Term Connection Leaks from Potable Water Supply Systems

World Journal of Engineering and Technology ◽

10.4236/wjet.2019.71006 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 07 (01) ◽

pp. 100-113

Author(s):

Abel Crean

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Analysis ◽

Water Supply ◽

Potable Water ◽

Water Supply Systems ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Quantitative Analysis Method ◽

Potable Water Supply ◽

Supply Systems

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Effective monitoring of trihalomethanes in water supply systems

Water e-Journal ◽

10.21139/wej.2020.021 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

(Sathaa) Arumugam Sathasivan ◽

George Kastl ◽

Ian Fisher

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Water Supply ◽

Health Risks ◽

Water Utilities ◽

Water Supply Systems ◽

Health Safety ◽

Microbiological Safety ◽

Supply Systems

To ensure public health safety, water supplied to consumers should meet both microbiological and disinfection by-product (DBP) requirements. Water utilities are ensuring microbiological safety of water, but there is considerable variation in monitoring and reporting trihalomethane (THM) levels across Australia, for the obvious reasons of cost and lack of resources and skills to monitor total THMs (TTHMs). Such practices lead to neglecting the long-term health risks from DBPs, which are often exacerbated by overdosing chlorine.

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The changing nature of the water–energy nexus in urban water supply systems: a critical review of changes and responses

Journal of Water and Climate Change ◽

10.2166/wcc.2020.276 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 1095-1122 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Wenyan Wu ◽

Holger R. Maier ◽

Graeme C. Dandy ◽

Meenakshi Arora ◽

Andrea Castelletti

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Planning System ◽

Integrated Modelling ◽

Design System ◽

Water Supply Systems ◽

Urban Water ◽

Urban Water Supply ◽

Water Energy Nexus ◽

Supply Systems

Abstract This paper provides a review of the changing nature of the water–energy nexus in urban water supply systems (UWSSs) due to the primary long-term drivers of climate change, population growth and technological development from the ‘energy for water’ perspective. We identify both the physical changes in UWSSs, as well as the changes in the attributes of the system, both of which contribute to the changing nature of the water–energy nexus. We provide an overview of responses to this change in the water–energy nexus through the lens of four application areas, namely long-term planning, system design, system operation and system rehabilitation, based on the review of 52 papers. Ten responses in three categories are found to be commonly considered in each of the four application areas. The three categories are energy or greenhouse gas reduction, integrated modelling and planning, and improving social benefits. The main drivers of these responses may vary with the application area. Based on the review outcomes, we outline the gaps in the responses in relation to the changing nature of the water–energy nexus in UWSSs, providing directions for future research on improving UWSS efficiency considering the long-term drivers.

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Joint energy and water management scheme for water supply systems in Romania

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20198506008 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 85 ◽

pp. 06008 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aida Delcea ◽

Ioan Bitir-Istrate ◽

Roxana Pătraşcu ◽

Cristian Gheorghiu

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Energy Management ◽

Water Supply Systems ◽

Energy Audit ◽

Short Term ◽

Water Losses ◽

Management Scheme ◽

Energy Consuming ◽

Supply Systems

Keeping in mind the short-term and long-term aims of cost depletion and sustainable development respectively, a joint water and energy management scheme for water supply systems that leads to reduced energy losses is proposed. For water utilities, drinkable water's treatment and pumping and wastewater treatment are the main energy-consuming processes and a proportional part of this energy is wasted with non-revenue water. In Romania, these losses can reach critical levels so highlighting them becomes a crucial aspect in assessing the system's efficiency. This paper presents a scheme that combines energy audit and water balance techniques that can become a tool for both energy auditors and managers, by allowing the quantification of embedded energy of water losses. The methodology is adapted for the conditions in Romania, where data collection and processing is mainly done manually.

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Sustainability Analysis of Alternative Long-Term Management Strategies for Water Supply Systems: A Case Study in Reggio Emilia (Italy)

Water ◽

10.3390/w11030450 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 450 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Giada Felisa ◽

Ilaria Lauriola ◽

Pietro Pedrazzoli ◽

Vittorio Di Federico ◽

Valentina Ciriello

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Metabolic Model ◽

Reggio Emilia ◽

Water Supply Systems ◽

Water Withdrawals ◽

Water Companies ◽

Supply Systems ◽

Term Management

Increasing urban water demand and water stress conditions due to population growth, combined with climate change and a non-uniform distribution of water resources in space and time, represent major concerns for water companies. As such, long-term management strategies need to improve the resilience of water supply systems and account for the sustainability of water withdrawals. In this context, metabolic modelling may provide a support to decision-making in the medium-long term, based on sustainability criteria. This approach enables mimicking a water supply network (WSN) based on a set of material and energy fluxes that interact and influence each other. By analyzing these fluxes, a suite of key performance indicators (KPIs) is evaluated in order to identify which kind of interventions may be applied to increase the sustainability of the system. Here, we apply a metabolic model, WaterMet2, to a WSN in the Reggio Emilia Province (Italy), combined with hydraulic simulations conducted with EPANET. Different alternative strategies are compared, including a reduction of water withdrawals from the main well field due to a possible future decrease in water availability. Based on KPIs, sustainable long-term strategies are evaluated in order to identify the most suitable solution for dynamic sustainable management of the water supply system.

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Balancing Local and Global Sustainability of Urban Water Supply Systems with Water Security and Resilience Goals

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-20100 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Elisabeth Krueger ◽

Dietrich Borchardt ◽

James Jawitz ◽

Suresh Rao

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Water Supply Systems ◽

Urban Water ◽

Urban Water Supply ◽

Ecological Footprints ◽

Global Sustainability ◽

Governance Strategies ◽

Supply Systems ◽

New Framework

The sustainability of urban water systems is commonly analyzed based on local characteristics, such as the protection of urban watersheds or the existence of nature-based solutions for stormwater drainage. Water embedded in food and other goods consumed within cities, or the pollution caused by their production is generally not assessed as part of urban water system sustainability. However, indirect feedbacks can produce negative impacts (e.g., drought and water quality impairments) resulting from these water and ecological footprints. We therefore suggest that, within the context of nexus thinking, embedded water and ecosystem impacts should be part of urban water governance considerations.We quantify the local and global sustainability of urban water supply systems (UWSS) based on the performance of local sustainable governance and the size of global water and ecological footprints. Building on prior work on UWSS security and resilience, we develop a new framework that integrates security, resilience, and sustainability to investigate trade-offs between these three distinct and inter-related dimensions. Security refers to the level of services, resilience is the system&#8217;s ability to respond to and recover from shocks, and sustainability refers to the long-term viability of system services. Security and resilience are both relevant at local scale (city and surroundings), while for sustainability cross-scale and -sectoral feedbacks are important. We apply the new framework to seven cities selected from diverse hydro-climatic and socio-economic settings on four continents. We find that UWSS security, resilience, and local sustainability coevolve, while global sustainability correlates negatively with security. Approaching these interdependent goals requires governance strategies that balance the three dimensions within desirable and viable operating spaces. Cities outside these boundaries risk system failure in the short-term, due to lack of security and resilience, or face long-term consequences of unsustainable governance strategies. Our findings have strong implications for policy-making, strategic management, and for designing systems to operate sustainably at local and global scales, and across sectors.The corresponding article was accepted for publication in Environmental Research Letters on Jan. 15, 2020.

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Urban water supply management in Shanghai

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2007.039 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 41-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S.Q. Liu

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Water Resource ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Supply Management ◽

Sustainable Urban Development ◽

Water Supply Systems ◽

Urban Water Supply ◽

Water Supply Management ◽

Supply Systems

Shanghai is the largest city in China with fast growth of population and economics during the last two decades. Management of water resource and water supply systems is one of the most important strategies for its sustainable urban development. In order to meet the increasing requirements of water demand, studies on policies and technologies for water resources development and water supply management have been implemented in the last few years. New water resource projects, water saving policies and water quality improvement have been adopted and played important roles for Shanghai's long-term rapid development.

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