scholarly journals The role of endoscopic ultrasound investigation in the diagnosis of submucosal neoplasms of the stomach and duodenum (literature review and our clinical observations)

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-279
Author(s):  
Yu.M. Stepanov ◽  
N.V. Prolom ◽  
I.S. Konenko ◽  
S.O. Tarabarov ◽  
N.P. Dementii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Submucosal Tumors ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Submucosal Lesions

Submucosal neoplasms of the stomach and duodenum include a group of diseases with different etiology, clinical symptoms, diagnosis and management. Conventional gastroduodenoscopy helps detect submucosal formations in 0.36–4 % of cases, while the stomach is the most common site of submucosal lesions (up to 60 %). Endoscopy and ultrasound endoscopic examination are important tools for the diagnosis of submucosal tumors of the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, both benign (polyps, submucosal formations, extraorganic compression, cysts) and malignant neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract, especially small and accidentally detected. It is important not only to diagnose the tumor, but also to determine from which layers it comes, what level germinates, whether there is damage to regional lymph nodes. Only endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) can answer these questions. EUS combines the capabilities of two studies: endoscopic and ultrasound, which significantly increased the informativeness of endoscopic examination, as it was possible to determine the site of the pathological process and the degree of intramural invasion, and also made it possible to carry out the differential diagnosis of submucosal tumors and pathological processes in organs adjacent to the esophagus, stomach, duodenum. The article presents examinations of patients with submucous formations of the stomach and duodenum at the Institute of Gastroenterology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine. With the help of EUS, the diagnosis was confirmed in one patient, and in another one, the submucosal neoplasms was excluded.

scholarly journals LUNG DAMAGE IN SYSTEMIC SCLERODERMA

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (70) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
Валерий Войцеховский ◽  
Valeriy Voytsekhovskiy ◽  
Николай Гоборов ◽  
Nikolay Goborov ◽  
Марина Погребная ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Systemic Scleroderma ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Lung Involvement ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Secondary Tumors ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Timely Treatment

A brief review on respiratory damages in systemic scleroderma (SDS) is presented. The characteristic of the most frequent pathology – interstitial lung injury (ILI) is given. Pulmonary hypertension, pleural lesions, tuberculosis, secondary tumors are also described. Multispiral computed tomography in patients with SDS allows not only to identify the characteristic symptoms of ILI, but also to assess the extent of the lesion and the stage of development of the pathological process in the lungs for the timely treatment of ILI. In the two given clinical observations, lung involvement or ILI was the debut of systemic scleroderma and was ahead of other clinical symptoms of the disease; the course of alveolitis was progressive in nature, there was a significant decrease of lung volumes and an increase of fibrosis.

scholarly journals Difficulties in management of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome in combination with melanoma and infiltrative tuberculosis (clinical observations)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
A. A. Shumilova ◽  
T. M. Reshetnyak ◽  
F. A. Cheldieva ◽  
A. M. Lila
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Clinical Guidelines ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Clinical Observations

We present two clinical cases: the first patient had combination of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and melanoma, and the second – systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and APS, melanoma, infiltrative tuberculosis and Herpes zoster. Managing patients with SLE combined with APS is really challenging. Infections and malignant neoplasms, along with kidney damage and cardiovascular diseases, are a significant cause of death in this cohort of patients. The role of antibodies to phospholipids in the onset of malignancy is still under discussion. The combination of rheumatic diseases with oncological or infectious pathology complicates therapy, limiting the use of drugs, recommended by clinical guidelines.

Treponema pallidum (syphilis) antigen TpF1 induces activation of macrophages and accelerates P2X7R-induced NLRP3-dependent release of IL-1β

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Ping Lu ◽  
Jie Jia ◽  
Shao-Feng Wei ◽  
Wei-Lian Zhang ◽  
Rui Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macrophage Activation ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Macrophage Phenotype ◽  
M1 Macrophage ◽  
Oligomeric Protein ◽  
Family Protein ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Background: Syphilis is a chronic infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum (Tp) infection, which causes local inflammation in the host. TpF1 is an oligomeric protein expressed by the Tp-infected host that can induce the host immune response. There are few studies regarding the role of TpF1 in macrophage activation and the subsequent release of cytokines. Objective: To elucidate the effects of TpF1 on the pathological process of Syphilis. In addition, we explored how purinergic 2X7 (P2X7R) induced NOD-like receptor family protein 3 (NLRP3) -dependent release of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and the underlying mechanisms. Methods: We explored the influence of TpF1 on cytokine release by macrophages using qRT-PCR and ELISA. The specific phenotype of activated macrophages was determined by flow cytometry. Results: TpF1 was able to activate macrophages and induce the M1 macrophage phenotype. Moreover, TpF1 activated the NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages, which was mediated by P2X7R. Conclusions: The Tp-induced protein TpF1 is able to induce macrophage activation and P2X7R-induced NLRP3-dependent release of IL-1β. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for clarifying the clinical symptoms and pathogenesis of syphilis.

scholarly journals Evaluating the role of stress and anxiety with clinical symptoms in TMD patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamsoulmolouk Najafi ◽  
Zahra Faraji
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Of Dentistry

Introduction: The etiology of TMD is complex and multifactorial, but it is thought that psychological factors contribute to the etiology and persistence of TMD. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of anxiety and depression in the development of temporomandibular joint disorders in patients referred to Tehran University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, International Campus. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on patients referred to Tehran University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, International Campus who had temporomandibular joint disorder. Hence the number of 224 people easily selected at random. They were given 3 questionnaires to assess their anxiety and depression (9-PHQ, 4-PHQ7 and-GAD-7). After collecting data using SPSS software version 22 and considering the error level at 0.50% probability and one-way analysis of variance and frequency analysis were performed. Results: The rate of depression in patients with TMD was 8.83 according to the 9-PHQ questionnaire and 4.72 according to the 4-PHQ questionnaire, and the level of anxiety in patients with TMD according to the 7-GAD questionnaire was equal to 8.95 There was no significant relationship between patients’ gender and their level of anxiety (p<0.50), but there was a significant relationship between patients’ age and their level of anxiety (p>0.50). Conclusion: Age and gender are not significantly associated with temporomandibular joint disorders. Also, anxiety and depression are positively related and there is a significant value achieved with the incidence of TMD in the participants. A reduction in the level of anxiety and depression within people, can have a great impact on the treatment of TMDs in individuals.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Stress and Anxiety of Non-infected Pregnant Mothers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Mehdizadehkashi ◽  
Shahla Chaichian ◽  
Ladan Haghighi ◽  
Nooshin Eshraghi ◽  
Arash Bordbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Pregnancy Termination ◽  
Perinatal Care ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pregnant Mothers

Background: The newly emerging COVID-19 has caused severe anxiety around the world and it is infecting more people each day since there is no preventive measure or definite therapy for the diseases. The present study aimed to evaluate its effect on anxiety and stress of pregnant mothers during perinatal care. Methods: Three–hundred pregnant mothers without COVID–19 infection who were referred to the hospitals affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences for delivery during April 2020, based on negative clinical symptoms and the results of polymerase chain reaction (rt-PCR) for COVID–19, were recruited by census method and asked to complete the Persian version of the perceived stress scale (PSS); participants views about their anxiety level and the role of COVID–19 as the source of their stress and worries were recorded. Women who refused to continue the study were excluded. The frequency of variables and mean scores were calculated using SPSS v. 21. Results: Mean age of mothers was 30.20±16.19 years; 31.3% were primigravida and mean gestational age was 38.00±4.14 weeks. Moreover, 16.3% asked for earlier pregnancy termination and 39% requested Cesarean section (C/S). Assessing the mothers’ anxiety revealed a high/very high level of anxiety in 51.3%. The majority felt worried and frustrated because of COVID–19 (86.4%). Social media had a great impact on the level of stress among these mothers (60.3%). Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic is an important source for the increased anxiety and stress among healthy pregnant mothers.  

Parkinson’s puzzle

2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (52) ◽  
pp. 2060-2069 ◽  
Author(s):  
András Guseo
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Symptomatic Improvement ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Degenerative Disorders ◽  
Local Cell

Parkinson’s disease is one of the most frequent progressive degenerative disorders with unknown origin of the nervous system. The commutation of the disease on Guam led to the discovery of a neurotoxin which was also found in other continents. This neurotoxin was identified in the common cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). Early clinical observations suggested some loose correlations with gastric and duodenal ulcer and Parkinson’s disease, while recent studies revealed a toxin, almost identical to that found in cyanobacteria in one strain of Helicobacter pylori, which proved to cause Parkinson like symptoms in animals. Therefore, it cannot be ruled out that there is a slowly progressive poisoning in Parkinson’s disease. The disease specific alpha-sinuclein inclusions can be found in nerve cells of the intestinal mucosa far before the appearance of clinical symptoms indicating that the disease may start in the intestines. These results are strengthened by the results of Borody’s fecal transplants, after which in Parkinson patients showed a symptomatic improvement. Based on these observations the Parkinson puzzle is getting complete. Although these observations are not evidence based, they may indicate a new way for basic clinical research, as well as a new way of thinking for clinicians. These new observations in psycho-neuro-immunology strengthen the fact that immunological factors may also play a critical factor facilitating local cell necrosis which may be influenced easily. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 2060–2069.

Potential Role of Cytokines in Children with Acute Appendicitis and Acute Mesenteric Lymphadenitis

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-133
Author(s):  
Astra Zviedre ◽  
Arnis Engelis ◽  
Mohit Kakar ◽  
Aigars Pētersons
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mesenteric Lymphadenitis ◽  
Proper Diagnosis ◽  
Near Future

Potential Role of Cytokines in Children with Acute Appendicitis and Acute Mesenteric Lymphadenitis Although, AAP and AML have different etiological factors, clinical symptoms are very much similar but treatment tactics in both the disease differ a lot. In case of AML, treatment is more conservative and does not require hospitalization while in case of AAP immediate hospitalization and maybe further surgery can be mandatory. With the identification of group of cytokines serum inflammatory mediators IL-8, IL-10, IL-12[p70], IL-17, TNF-a and MCP-1, it is believed early and proper diagnosis of AAP in the near future. Research of cytokines-serum inflammatory mediators has opened new opportunities for an early detection and differentiation of these two diseases in children.

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