scholarly journals ANALISIS PERDAGANGAN JAGUNG INDONESIA

Agro Ekonomi ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Imam Ma'ruf
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Integration Test ◽  
Using Data

Corn has a strategic role and economic value in Indonesia, and has to be developed due to its position as the main source of carbohydrate and protein, raw material for food, feed, and biofuel industry. Aimed this research to determine the position of Indonesian com competitiveness in the international market in know the comparative advantage of Indonesian corn;factors that influence Indonesian com demand, and the integration between Indonesian corn market and the world com market. This research applys descriptive method The data used are time series data sourced from FAO, National Statistic Agency (BPS), and World Bank. Competitiveness is measured by the parameters of Revealed Comparative Advantage, Trade Specialist Ratio, Acceleration Ratio, and Market Penetration Index. The RCA, TSR, and AR analysis used data year 1988-2008, the MPI analysis used data year 1995-2008. Indonesian import corn demand is analyzed by OLS (ordinary least squares) multiple regression in the form of natural logarithm using data year 1980-2008, while market integration is analyzed by the unit root test, co-integration test, and Granger causality test using data year 1961-2008. The results shows that 1) the Indonesian corn competitiveness is low caused by the low production of Indonesian com; 2) Indonesian import corn demand is positively affected by the price of imported com and GDP of Indonesia, and negatively affected by the price of imported soybean and imported rice. Imported soybeans are complements of cornfor feed, while imported rice is the substitute of com for feed,' 3) There is no integration between the Chinese market and the Indonesian market because China is a country which re-export corn, there is integration between the United States market and the Indonesian market, as well as between Argentina's market and Indonesian market, but there is no causal relationship. The United States and Argentina market is not a dominant (leading) market in pricing of Indonesian Corn.market.

scholarly journals Analisis Daya Saing Ekspor Komoditi Kopi (Hs 090111) Indonesia Di Pasar Amerika Serikat : Pendekatan RSCA dan CMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Nurul Fatimah ◽  
Ignatia Martha H ◽  
Kiki Asmara
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Competitive Edge ◽  
Constant Market Share ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Using Data

Indonesia is one of the largest coffee exporting countries in the United States market after Brazil, Colombia, Vietnam, and Guatemala. It is still unable to shift the export of coffee commodities from these four countries. This research aims to analyze the competitiveness and performance of coffee exports in the United States market using data analysis methods such as Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA) and Constant Market Share (CMS). Research is classified as quantitative research that utilizes secondary data, an annual time series data, namely 2010-2019. The data source is exported data for Indonesian coffee commodity digit 6 with HS 090111 (Coffee, not roasted, not decaffeinated) obtained from the International Trade Center (ITC). This study's value results indicate that RSCA Indonesia is 0.87, where the RSCA is> 0. This shows that Indonesia still has competitiveness, although it is lower than Brazil0.95, Colombia, 0.96, and Guatemala, 0.97, and Indonesia is still superior to Vietnam, which is equivalent. 0.79. Meanwhile, the CMS value states that the Indonesian coffee commodity is less desirable in the United States market with an average commodity composition effect value of -0.00006. However, an increase in demand for Indonesian coffee commodities with an average market distribution effect value of 0.00002 and commodity Indonesian coffee has a competitive edge. Strong in the US market with an average competitiveness affect rating of 0.00001.

The Incidence of the Payroll Tax in the United States

1975 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane H. Leuthold
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Labor Demand ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Payroll Tax ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Hours Of Work

This study uses quarterly U.S. time-series data to measure the extent to which the payroll tax is shifted onto labor in the United States. A nonlinear labor demand model relating hours of work to a tax variable and other explanatory variables is estimated using ordinary least squares. The main conclusion of the study is that labor in the United States does not bear the primary burden of the payroll tax.

scholarly journals COINTEGRATING RELATION BETWEEN EXCHANGE RATE AND GOLD PRICE

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 263-269
Author(s):  
Ranjusha ◽  
Devasia ◽  
Nandakumar
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Gold Price ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Integration Test ◽  
The Relationship

The very purpose of this paper is to analyse the relationship between gold price and Rupee – Dollar exchange rate in India. The study utilises the annual data of exchange Rate (ER) and Gold Price (GP) from 1970 to 2015 to determine the relationship. Different econometric tools like Unit root test, Johansen co integration test, Vector error correction model, Granger causality test are used for detecting the long run relation, if any between the mentioned variables. The result shows that there exists a long run cointegrating relation between the variables. That is we can stabilise the Gold Price movement by controlling the exchange rate fluctuations. Likewise it also shows that Exchange rate doesn’t Granger cause to Gold price and vice versa. It means that the time series data of one vasriable cannot be used to predict another.

scholarly journals Exchange Rate Dynamics and the Bilateral Trade Balance: The Case of U.S. Agriculture

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jungho Baek ◽  
Won W. Koo ◽  
Kranti Mulik
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Series Data ◽  
J Curve ◽  
Trading Partners

This study examines the dynamic effects of changes in exchange rates on bilateral trade of agricultural products between the United States and its 15 major trading partners. Special attention is paid to investigate whether or not the J-curve hypothesis holds for U.S. agricultural trade. For this purpose, an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to cointegration is applied to quarterly time-series data from 1989 and 2007. Results show that the exchange rate plays a crucial role in determining the short- and long-run behavior of U.S. agricultural trade. However, we find little evidence of the J-curve phenomenon for U.S. agricultural products with the United States’ major trading partners.

Regional and Industrial Wage Dynamics in West Germany and the United States / Regionale und industrielle Lohndynamik in Westdeutschland und den USA

2002 ◽  
Vol 222 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antje Mertens
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Labour Demand ◽  
Wage Dynamics ◽  
Demand Shocks ◽  
Individual Level

SummaryIt is commonly known that every economy is faced with the problem of unevenly distributed labour demand changes across industries, occupations and regions. In competitive labour markets flexible wages and the mobility of labour would lead to a new equilibrium distribution of wages and employment. Regional or industrial unemployment dispersion in Germany is often blamed on a lack of wage adjustments and the lack of labour mobility when economic fortunes are not distributed evenly, but this hypothesis is hardly ever tested. This paper asks how wage reactions in Germany compare with responses in the United States using individual level data. As a first step labour demand shocks are estimated from employment time series data using deterministic detrending and the Hodrick-Prescott filter. These are then included in typical wage regressions based on micro data. The results propose that German labour markets are not as inflexible as simple evidence might suggest. Although wages are regionally only flexible in the United States, wages are found to react to industrial labour demand shocks in both countries. Especially for more experienced and therefore less mobile groups in the German labour market wages react to industrial labour demand shocks.

scholarly journals HINTERLAND MEDAN CITY BETWEEN BINJAI CITY: A GRAVITATION APPROACH

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Level ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Impulse Response Function ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Gravity Models ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Integration Test ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The City

Regional economy explains that there is an urban hierarchical relationship, cities that have higher hierarchy will serve cities that are below it as well as cities that are in hierarchy under supplying cities that are in the hierarchy above them, so there is a gravitational relationship between the two. This study aims to determine the gravitational relationship of Medan city to the hinterland of the city of Binjai. Furthermore, this study also wants to explain its influence on economic growth in both cities. This study uses time series data from 1990-2016, taken from North Sumatera BPS test equipment and analysis tools used are descriptive statistics, gravity models, unit root test, co-integration test, optimal lag, VECM, granger causality test, impulse response function and variance decomposition. The results showed that the city of Medan has a gravity style greater than the gravitational style of the city of Binjai. This is because the city of Medan has a larger area, population, income per capita compared to the city of Binjai. The VECM estimation results show that the gravitational variable in the city of Binjai in lag -1 and lag-2 has a positive and significant effect on the economy of Medan city with a confidence level of 95%. Then the economic variable of the city of Binjai itself in lag-1, the population of the city of Medan in lag-2 and the gravity of the city of Medan in lag-2 had a positive and significant effect on the economy of Binjai city with a confidence level of 95%. While the variable population of Binjai city in lag -1 and residents of the city of Medan in lag -1 negatively affected the economy of Binjai city with a confidence level of 95%.

scholarly journals Dynamic Relationships among Crude oil price, exchange rate and BSE Sensex

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshan Kumar ◽  
Manisha Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
Crude Oil Prices ◽  
Integration Test

The study examined Dynamic relationship among crude oil prices, exchange rates and stock prices in India for the duration January 2006 to December 2016 using daily data. The research work include the testing for a unit root test in time series data, then it testing the number of co-integrating vectors in the system. In the next step we use the johansen co integration test to examine the relationship among variables. At the last Granger causality test is used to estimating the direction of causality among the variables

scholarly journals Causal Linkage amongst Public Expenditure on Health, Health Status and Growth: New Empirical Evidence from Toda-Yamamoto Approach for Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Emife Nwani ◽  
Ikechukwu Kelikume
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Health Status ◽  
National Health ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Integration Test

This study investigates the causal linkages amongst public expenditure on health, health status and economic growth in Nigeria using the Toda-Yamamoto technique. The choice of the Toda-Yamamoto approach is predicated on its simplicity and the ability to overcome the shortcomings inherent in the conventional causality procedures by producing more robust results through the estimation of the augmented VAR that guarantees the asymptotic distribution of the Wald statistic. To this end, the study collected annual time series data from the Central Bank of Nigeria’s Statistical bulletin and the World Development Indicator on public expenditure on health, life expectancy, infant mortality and real gross domestic product spanning 38 years from 1981 to 2018. The result of the study’s empirical analysis based on the co-integration test indicates that public health expenditure, health status and economic growth have long-run association. Further, the Toda-Yamamoto causality test result reveals the absence of causality between health expenditure and health status. Similarly, health status and economic growth are not causally interdependent. On the basis of the findings, the paper vehemently concludes that efforts to stimulate economic growth by targeting health outcomes improvement through public expenditure will be futile. As such, there is the need to develop better national health policy and programmes such as compulsory national health insurance that is capable of resolving the fundamental problems in the health sector. This would help integrate healthcare into the mainstream of the Nigerian economy.

scholarly journals Impact of Economic Reforms, FDI and Imports on GDP: Trends and Regression Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Preeti Sharma ◽  
Priyanka Sahni
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Integration Test

The aim of this study is to explore the causal relationship between the exports, imports and economic growth of Chinese economy using time series data running from 1978 to 2016.Co integration, Granger Causality analysis and Vector Error Correction Mechanism (VECM) has been used in order to test the hypotheses about the presence of causality and co integration among the variables. The co integration test confirmed that exports, imports and GDP are co integrated, indicating an existence of long run equilibrium relationship among the variables and also confirmed by the Johansen co integration test results. The Granger causality test finally confirmed the presence of bi-directional causality between exports, imports and GDP. The study further shows that relative share of china’s exports in world exports has increased significantly after the introduction of economic reforms. Further, the rising exports have also made a significant contribution to the economic growth of Chinese economy due to forward and backward linkages.

scholarly journals Detection of Outliers in the Volatility of Malaysia Shariah Compliant Index Return: The Impulse Indicator Saturation Approach

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ida Normaya Mohd Nasir ◽  
Mohd Tahir Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Time Series Data ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Financial Time Series ◽  
The United States ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Crude Oil Prices ◽  
Global Events ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Impulse Indicator Saturation ◽  
Detection Of Outliers

Financial time series data often affected by various unexpected events which known as the outliers. The aim of this study is to detect the outliers in high frequency data using Impulse Indicator Saturation approach (IIS).Monte Carlo simulations illustrate the ability of IIS to detect outliers by using data with various simulation settings. For empirical application, we have chosen the Malaysia Shariah compliant index which is the FBM EMAS Shariah (FBMS) index. The result of this study discovered the presence of 47 outliers which related to several global events such as global financial crisis (2008 & 2009), the falling of stock market (2011), the United States debt-ceiling crisis (2013) and the declination of international crude oil prices (2014). Keywords: outliers; volatility; stock indices; IIS

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