Análise da competitividade do setor cafeeiro brasileiro no mercado internacional

O Brasil é o maior produtor e exportador mundial de café, produzindo tanto a variedade arábica como a robusta. Contudo, a participação brasileira mundial reduziu aproximadamente em 25% entre 1997 e 2019. Essa queda da participação pode ser resultado da concentração das exportações brasileiras desse produto em alguns destinos. De forma a analisar a competitividade das exportações brasileiras entre 1997 e 2019 foi utilizado o método Constant Market Share. Os resultados indicaram que o Brasil foi competitivo no período, além de ter adaptado sua pauta de exportação à demanda mundial e direcionado suas exportações para mercados com demanda de maior crescimento. Por outro lado, o país exportou produtos em que a demanda tem crescido lentamente e direcionou suas exportações para países em que sua demanda tem crescido a uma taxa menor do que a mundial. Como forma de aumentar a sua participação no mercado internacional é importante que o país adote ações de marketing direto ao consumidor, por exemplo, o que pode resultar em preços pagos aos produtos rurais maiores e mais estáveis

Competitiveness of Malaysian Fisheries Exports: A Constant Market Share Analysis

Malaysia, one of the global major fish producers, has highly traded fisheries products given its many water bodies. Nonetheless, it faces a serious fish trade deficit, implying that the Malaysian fisheries sector might lose its competitiveness in the global market. This paper adopts a modified constant market share (CMS) analysis, which incorporates a net-share approach index and geometric framework, to measure the export competitiveness of the Malaysian fisheries sector. The findings reveal that half of the fisheries products exhibit optimistic export competitiveness. Malaysia reflects the strongest competitiveness in exporting frozen fish and the least competitiveness in the export of crustaceans. Additional effort and attention on those less competitive groups of aquatic invertebrates, live fish and crustaceans are required to improve the export performance. Application of the modified approach is highly proposed as it is not only a simple measurement that gives relatively more accurate results but also succeeds to overcome inconsistency in the traditional approach. The findings provide evidence of unrealised fish export potential regarding product categories, which helps policymakers, traders and marketers to develop their long-term strategic plans and enhance the export competitiveness of the fisheries sector in Malaysia.

Export Competitiveness of Indonesian Coffee In Germany

Coffee has been one of the mainstay products for Indonesia's exports to Germany since the last time and the frequency continues to increase. This reflects that Germany's need for coffee continues to grow. This study aims to measure the position of Indonesia's coffee export competitiveness in Germany. The method used in this research are Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Constant Market Share (CMS). The results showed that Indonesia's coffee exports were not competitive in Germany and had a downward trend. The export performance of Indonesian coffee in Germany also shows a downward trend in each period. Several things that need to be improved so that the competitiveness and performance of Indonesia's exports can increase is by disseminating information regarding the use of cultivation technology to increase the productivity of Indonesian coffee.

Who is Trading Well with China? A Gravity and Constant Market Share Analysis of Exports of Pakistan and ASEAN in the Chinese Market

This paper empirically investigated the trade competitiveness and trade potential of Pakistan and ASEAN countries in the Chinese market. The study utilizes trade data for the period of 2003–2019 to assess the bilateral trade aspects by using an extended gravity equation. In addition, the PPML model and constant market share analysis are applied to examine trade potential and competitiveness, respectively. Market size, distance, trade openness, revealed comparative advantage position and common border play an important role in bilateral trade of Pakistan and ASEAN with China, and coefficients of all these variables comply with the economic theory and are statistically significant. Pakistan along with Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Philippines, and Thailand has great trade potential in the Chinese market. Particularly Cambodia and Vietnam are enjoying the highest competitive advantage as compared to other ASEAN countries. Pakistan’s export performance in China’s market relies on the market distribution effect. Based on this study, we have discussed country-specific future policy discourse for Pakistan and ASEAN countries in detail.

Transformasi Hijau dan Implikasinya terhadap Daya Saing Berkelanjutan

Transformasi Hijau dan Implikasinya terhadap Daya Saing BerkelanjutanAbstractThis paper examines the linkage of green transformation and competitive advantage at the global level using constant market share and global value chain analysis. Constant market share analysis is used to measure a country’s trade contribution by comparing a country’s export growth with world export growth. Global value chain analysis is also employed to strengthen the constant market share analysis by looking at the role of green transformation in boosting the Indonesian competitiveness in the global supply chain. To achieve the objective of this study, data was collected from secondary sources such as the United Nations Comtrade Database and Asian Development Bank multi-regional input-output (ADB MRIO) for the period of 2000-2018. Constant market share analysis shows that dirty manufactured products from Indonesia can no longer be relied on to compete in the US and European markets due to the increasingly stringent environmental standards and regulations in those countries. Meanwhile, global value chain analysis finds that the clean manufacturing industry has higher competitiveness than the gross manufacturing industry at the global market level. For this reason, this study concludes that the future of Indonesia's manufacturing industry to compete at the global level is in the hand of the clean manufacturing industry.Keywords: green transformation; competitiveness; environmental regulation; constant market share analysis; global value chain analysisJEL Classification: F14, F18, Q56

Análise da Competitividade das Exportações de Minérios de Ferro Não Aglomerados e Aglomerados e seus Concentrados no Brasil: 2004 a 2018

O presente estudo se propõe avaliar o desempenho exportador de minérios do segmento de ferro não aglomerados e aglomerados e seus concentrados no Brasil e identificar as fontes de crescimento das exportações brasileiras desses produtos no período de 2004 a 2018. Para tal, utilizaram-se os índices de vantagem comparativa revelada, vantagem comparativa revelada simétrica, vantagem comparativa revelada de Vollrath e o modelo Constant-Market-Share, considerando neste último três subperíodos: 2004-2008; 2009-2013; e 2014-2018. Os resultados indicam que os estados de Minas Gerais e Pará apresentaram vantagem comparativa em relação ao Brasil para minérios de ferro no segmento não aglomerados em todo o período analisado. Quanto aos minérios de ferro aglomerados, verifica-se a presença de vantagem comparativa do estado do Espírito Santo em relação ao Brasil, porém não ocorre o mesmo para o estado de Minas Gerais. Em relação às fontes de crescimento, constata-se que o efeito crescimento do comércio mundial afetou negativamente as exportações de minérios ferrosos no terceiro subperíodo em relação ao segundo. Por seu turno, o efeito destino das exportações foi o que mais contribuiu quando comparado o terceiro subperíodo com o segundo, em ambos os segmentos, assim como o efeito competitividade, que apesar de baixo, mostrou-se positivo nos dois subperíodos para as commodities analisadas.

Analisis Daya Saing Ekspor Komoditi Kopi (Hs 090111) Indonesia Di Pasar Amerika Serikat : Pendekatan RSCA dan CMS

Indonesia is one of the largest coffee exporting countries in the United States market after Brazil, Colombia, Vietnam, and Guatemala. It is still unable to shift the export of coffee commodities from these four countries. This research aims to analyze the competitiveness and performance of coffee exports in the United States market using data analysis methods such as Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA) and Constant Market Share (CMS). Research is classified as quantitative research that utilizes secondary data, an annual time series data, namely 2010-2019. The data source is exported data for Indonesian coffee commodity digit 6 with HS 090111 (Coffee, not roasted, not decaffeinated) obtained from the International Trade Center (ITC). This study's value results indicate that RSCA Indonesia is 0.87, where the RSCA is> 0. This shows that Indonesia still has competitiveness, although it is lower than Brazil0.95, Colombia, 0.96, and Guatemala, 0.97, and Indonesia is still superior to Vietnam, which is equivalent. 0.79. Meanwhile, the CMS value states that the Indonesian coffee commodity is less desirable in the United States market with an average commodity composition effect value of -0.00006. However, an increase in demand for Indonesian coffee commodities with an average market distribution effect value of 0.00002 and commodity Indonesian coffee has a competitive edge. Strong in the US market with an average competitiveness affect rating of 0.00001.

Prospects and Challenges of Indonesian Exports to Non-Traditional Market: Measuring The Competitiveness of Indonesian Products in UAE Market

The US-China Trade War and the COVID-19 pandemic are unprecedented incidents involving Indonesia's traditional markets as the main actors, i.e. the US and China which impacted Indonesia's economy and trade indirectly. Market diversification to new market or non-traditional market is one way out that can be done to minimize the impact of the global crisis on the country, when traditional markets are unreliable, such as the United Arab Emirates (UAE) that has made a positive contribution both in investment and trade for Indonesia in the midst of a pandemic. However, Indonesia's exports to the UAE experienced a significant decline in 2018 after previous two years continued to increase. So that knowing the competitiveness of Indonesia's export products in the UAE is the purpose of this study. This research answers the prospects and challenges of Indonesian export products in the UAE by measuring the export performance in 2016-2018 using the Constant Market Share (CMS) and Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) analysis methods. This research uses descriptive quantitative method with secondary data and triangulation of data sources, methods, and theories as the validity and reliability methods. The results of this study indicate that CMS and RCA analysis output are different so that the prospects and challenges for Indonesian products are also explained by the Indonesian approach and trade policies which lead to the conclusion that the UAE is a potential market to become non-traditional market for Indonesian economic development when its traditional markets are unreliable.