scholarly journals ROCK MASS RATING OF CAVITY LIMESTONE LAYER IN REMBANG, CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Andy Erwin Wijaya ◽  
Dwikorita Karnawati ◽  
Srijono Srijono ◽  
Wahyu Wilopo
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Solution Process ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Rock Mass Rating ◽  
Mine Design ◽  
Weak Zone ◽  
Rock Mass Characterization ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Geological Conditions

mine design. Mine design is determined by the rock mass quality, which varies from one mine location to another, depending on the geological conditions. The research area is located in limestone quarry of Sale District, Rembang Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia. In the study area, a cavity zone is exposed at the wall of quarry bench and occurs by a solution process. The cavity layer zone is a weak zone which has caused bench failures. The objective of this research is to evaluate the quality of the cavity limestone layer for a safe mine design using Rock Mass Rating (RMR) system. Final result of the research is a rock mass characterization, specifically for the cavity limestone layer. Keywords: Rock mass rating, limestone, cavity layer

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF THE GEOLOGICAL STRENGTH INDEX SYSTEM FOR CAVITY LIMESTONE LAYER IN QUARRY AREA, REMBANG, CENTRAL JAVA PROVINCE, INDONESIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Andy Erwin Wijaya ◽  
Dwikorita Karnawati ◽  
Srijono Srijono ◽  
Wahyu Wilopo
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Solution Process ◽  
Geological Strength Index ◽  
Strength Index ◽  
Mine Design ◽  
Weak Zone ◽  
Limestone Quarry ◽  
Rock Mass Characterization ◽  
Rock Mass Quality ◽  
Geological Conditions

Limestone mining needs a good mine design which is safe for the environment. Mine design is determined by the rock mass quality. The rock mass quality in each mine location is not necessary the same depending on the geological conditions. The research area is located in limestone quarry of Sale District, Rembang Regency, Center Java Province-Indonesia. In the limestone quarry area, there is cavity zone which consists of cavity limestone layer at the wall of quarry bench. This cavity layer in limestone quarry has occurred by solution process. The cavity layer zone is a potentially weak zone which has caused bench failures in the limestone quarry area. The objective of this research is to analyze the rock mass quality in the cavity limestone layer using Geological Strength Index (GSI) system. Final result of the research is a rock mass characterization, specifically for cavity limestone layer. Keywords: geological strength index, limestone, cavity layer

scholarly journals Engineering Geological Characteristics Based on Rock Mass Rating (RMR) and Geological Strength Index (GSI) in Jlantah Dam Intake Tunnel, Karanganyar District, Central Java Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 325 ◽  
pp. 08003
Author(s):  
Doni Apriadi Putera ◽  
Heru Hendrayana ◽  
I Gde Budi Indrawan
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Geological Mapping ◽  
Geological Strength Index ◽  
Rock Mass Rating ◽  
Strength Index ◽  
Tunnel Support ◽  
Weak Rocks ◽  
Rock Mass Characterization ◽  
Central Java

This paper presents the results of a geological engineering investigation in the form of rock mass characterization at the Jlantah Dam Intake Tunnel. The study was carried out through technical geological mapping, core drill evaluation and supported by laboratory test data. The determination of rock mass classification at the research site has been carried out using the Rock Mass Rating (RMR) method, but it is necessary to use another method that is more suitable based on rock mass for weak rocks, namely using the Geological Strength Index (GSI) method.The rock mass quality will be used as a parameter in determining the excavation method and tunnel support system that will be used in the Jlantah Dam intake tunnel. The results showed that the research area consisted of lithology in volcanic breccias and tuff lapilli. GSI rock mass value at the research location ranged from 15 - 65, while the RMR value ranged from 24 - 70. The correlation between RMR and GSI in the study area is different when compared to Hoek and Brown (1997) but has similarities with Zhang et al (2019).

scholarly journals Evaluasi Massa Batuan Terowongan Eksplorasi Uranium Eko-Remaja, Kalan, Kalimantan Barat

EKSPLORIUM ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Dhatu Kamajati ◽  
Heri Syaeful ◽  
Mirna Berliana Garwan
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Uranium Deposit ◽  
Rock Mass Rating ◽  
Rock Support ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Rock Mass Characterization ◽  
Ground Support ◽  
Uranium Exploration ◽  
Weak Zones

ABSTRAKTerowongan eksplorasi uranium Eko Remaja, Kalan, Kalimantan Barat merupakan salah satu sarana penelitian cebakan uranium yang sangat penting. Terowongan ini dibangun tahun 1980 dengan panjang 618 meter dan menembus Bukit Eko di kedua sisinya. Batuan di terowongan ini relatif kompak, tetapi memiliki zona lemah di beberapa bagiannya. Penyanggaan merupakan metode yang digunakan untuk menanggulangi keruntuhan tanah dan batuan yang terjadi pada zona lemah di terowongan. Pemasangan penyangga yang selama ini dilakukan berdasarkan pola keruntuhan yang terjadi pada saat pembukaan terowongan tanpa melalui studi khusus menyangkut karakterisasi massa batuan dan kebutuhan sistem penyangga. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi tingkat keselamatan terowongan Eko-Remaja dan kesesuaian lokasi penyangga. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan membandingkan karakteristik massa batuan menggunakan metode Rock Mass Rating (RMR) antara lokasi penyangga batuan terpasang dan lokasi penyangga batuan tidak terpasang. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, nilai RMR pada lokasi terpasang penyangga diklasifikasikan ke dalam kelas IV atau batuan buruk. Sementara itu, di lokasi tidak terpasang penyangga batuan diklasifikasikan ke dalam kelas II atau batuan baik. Berdasarkan korelasi antara hasil perhitungan RMR dengan roof span terowongan Eko-Remaja disimpulkan bahwa posisi penyanggaan terowongan yang diwakili oleh lokasi pengamatan pada kedalaman 38 m, 73 m, dan 165 m sudah sesuai dengan sistem karakterisasi massa batuan menggunakan metode RMR. ABSTRACTEko-Remaja uranium exploration tunnel, Kalan, West Kalimantan is one of the important facilities for uranium deposit research. The tunnel was built in 1980 with a length of 618 meters penetrating Eko Hill on both sides. The rock inside the tunnel is relatively compact, but it has weak zones in some area. Ground supporting is a method used to overcome the soil and rock collapses which occurred in the tunnel weak zones. Installation of ground supporting system throughout the recent time based on the soil collapse pattern, which occurred when the tunnel opened without any specific study related to rock mass characterization and the requirement of ground support system. This research conducted to evaluate the safety level of Eko-Remaja tunnel and the suitability of ground support location. The evaluation performed by comparing the rock mass characteristics using Rock Mass Rating (RMR) method between the installed rock support and uninstalled rock support locations. Based on the analysis result, RMR value on the installed ground support is classified as class IV or poor rock. Meanwhile, on uninstalled location, the rock is classified as class II or fair rock. Based on the correlation between RMR calculation result and Eko-Remaja tunnel roof span, it is concluded that tunnel ground supports position which are represented by observation location on 38 m, 73 m, and 165 m depth are suitable with rock mass characterization system using RMR method.

scholarly journals Rock Mass Characterization And Rock Failure Probability Analysis of Rock Mining Areas at Lagadar, Bandung Regency and Batujajar, West Bandung Regency, West Java

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahmi Rohmadoni Rachman ◽  
Indra Andra Dinata ◽  
Achmad Sadisun
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Failure Probability ◽  
Kinematic Analysis ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Rock Failure ◽  
West Java ◽  
Rock Mass Characterization ◽  
Slope Excavation ◽  
Rock Mining

Research area is located at coordinates 60 53’ 56” S, 1070 30’ 10” E up to 60 56’ 8” S, 1070 32’ 15” E which administratively covers Lagadar, Bandung Regency and Batujajar, West Bandung Regency, West Java. The research area is a rock mining area that is still being mined actively today. This research aims to characterize the rock mass, analyze rock failure probability, and optimize the slope excavation at the rock mining area.The conducted methods of this research are field observation, rock sampling, and scanline survey at 5 sites. The sites are F-5, F-10.1, F-10.2, F-11, and F-12. Quantitative method is conducted to characterize the rock mass, followed by analysis of rock failure probability with kinematic analysis method, and excavation optimization using kinematic analysis scenarios.

scholarly journals Analisis Kualitas dan Perkuatan Terowongan Eksplorasi Uranium Eko Remaja Kalan, Kalimantan Barat menggunakan Metode RMR (Rock Mass Rating)

EKSPLORIUM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Yuni Faizah ◽  
Wira Cakrabuana ◽  
Dhatu Kamajati ◽  
Putri Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Uranium Deposit ◽  
Rock Mass Rating ◽  
Geological Structures ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Classification Parameter ◽  
Research Facilities ◽  
Weak Zones ◽  
Actual Rock

ABSTRAK Terowongan Eksplorasi Uranium Eko Remaja Kalan (TEURK) di Kalimantan Barat yang dibangun pada tahun 1980 merupakan salah satu sarana penelitian cebakan uranium di Indonesia. Terowongan ini menembus Bukit Eko Remaja sepanjang 618 m, mulai dari pintu Remaja hingga TRK-7. Mineralisasi uranium di lokasi ini dikontrol oleh urat-urat tak beraturan (stockwork) yang sangat rapat pada batuan metalanau dan metapelit. Tingginya kerapatan struktur geologi tersebut membentuk beberapa zona lemah di dalam terowongan. Zona lemah tersebut berpotensi menyebabkan terjadinya longsor batu dan tanah. Penyangga sementara terbuat dari tiang-tiang kayu dipasang di zona tersebut untuk perkuatan terowongan. Saat ini tiang kayu tersebut tidak lagi mampu menyangga terowongan sehingga sering terjadi longsor batu dan tanah di dalam terowongan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas massa batuan aktual dan menentukan jenis perkuatan yang sesuai agar terowongan tetap aman. Survei palu Schmidt dan scanline pada zona tak berpenyangga (kedalaman 50–297 m dan 355–538 m) dilakukan untuk mengambil data parameter klasifikasi Rock Mass Rating (RMR). Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa massa batuan TEURK di kedalaman tersebut memiliki nilai RMR 52-71 (sedang–baik). Perkuatan yang direkomendasikan adalah pemasangan baut batu dan beton semprot konvensional.ABSTRACT Tunnel for Exploration of Uranium Eko Remaja Kalan (TEURK) in West Kalimantan, built-in 1980, is one of the uranium deposit research facilities in Indonesia. The tunnel penetrated Eko Remaja Hill along 618 m, from Remaja to TRK-7 access. Uranium mineralization in this area controlled by dense stockwork veins on metasilt and metasandstone rocks. The high-dense geological structures create some weak zones in the tunnel. These zones are potentially causing rocks and soil slides. Temporary supports made of wood-piles were installed in these zones to support the tunnel. Currently, these piles are not capable at the tunnel, so that rocks and soil slides occurred inside the tunnel. The research aimed to determine the quality of actual rock mass and determine the appropriate type of reinforcement to keep the tunnel safe. Schmidt hammer and scanline surveys on the unsupported zone (50–297 m and 355–538 m depth) carried out to collect the classification parameter data of Rock Mass Rating (RMR). The measurement result shows that the rock mass of TEURK on the depth has an RMR value of 52–71 (fair-good). Reinforcement recommendations for the tunnel are rock bolts and conventional shotcretes installation.

scholarly journals Analysis of engineering geology conditions based on the quality of rock mass in the Tiga Dihaji Dam’s diversion tunnel, South Sumatera, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 325 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
Zekrinaldi ◽  
Ferian Anggara ◽  
Hendy Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Geological Strength Index ◽  
Strength Index ◽  
Diversion Tunnel ◽  
Rock Mass Quality ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Q System

This research has examined the rock mass quality case study in the Tiga Dihaji Dam’s diversion tunnel. Observations of geological conditions were carried out on the surface and subsurface of the study site and show that the study area consists of tuffaceous sandstone and carbonate interbeds. The method of this study is based on the classification of the Geological Strength Index (GSI), Rock Mass Rating (RMR), and the Q-system. The results indicate that tuffaceous sandstone has a GSI value of 15 - 87.5 (very poor - very good), RMR 48 - 82 (fair - very good), and Q-system 0.01 – 60.0 (exceptionally poor - very good). Meanwhile, carbonate interbeds have a low value, with a GSI value of 10.5 - 77.5 (very poor to very good), RMR 17.0 – 56.0 (very - poor fair), and Q-system 0 - 35.2 (exceptionally poor - good). Moreover, a correlation was made between rock mass quality for conditions in the study area. The correlation between GSI and RMR was obtained by the equation GSI = 2.2885RMR 82.567 (R2 = 0.6653), RMR and Q-system RMR = 2.0175ln(Q) + 63.061 (R2 = 0.4987), and GSI and Q-system GSI = 7.2119ln(Q) 54.578 (R2 = 0.8095).

scholarly journals Field-based assessment of rock discontinuity and geological attributes of rock mass for stones for various engineering applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-132
Author(s):  
Sunita Bhattarai ◽  
Naresh Kazi Tamrakar
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Block Size ◽  
Rock Mass Rating ◽  
Building Stones ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Rock Mass Characterization ◽  
Rock Types ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Short Span

Because of the occurrence of various rock types within the short span of areas, the Malekhu Khola area is one of the most promising areas where scope of stones is high. This paper presents recognition of the most promising rock types in terms of their geology and discontinuity for evaluating suitability for building stones. The research focuses on the assessment of nine different rock types allocated along the Malekhu Khola, central Nepal. Geological parameters, rock mass characterization and discontinuity analysis were carried out in each of allocated sites. During field study, rock masses were categorised based on different geological parameters, and on number of joint set, tentative block shape, size and volume. Field-based data were tabulated, analysed, and finally identified for the block size and geometry, and rock mass quality for stones. The number of major joint set ranges from one to four with random joint sets. The study shows that the outcrop condition of rock is faintly to slightly weathered and strongly indurated. The study shows that the rock types depending on the Rock Mass Rating (RMR) system vary from poor to very good. The block types that could be extracted are flat, long and compact. The probable end uses of these rock types could be armourstone, interior and exterior paving, cladding and foundation.

scholarly journals The Use of Self Supporting Capacity of Rock Mass for Sustainable Hydropower: An Analysis of the Middle Marsyangdi Headrace Tunnel, Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
Kiran K. Shrestha ◽  
Krishna K Panthi
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Concrete Lining ◽  
Rock Support ◽  
Hydroelectric Project ◽  
Tunnel Section ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Headrace Tunnel ◽  
Support Principle

The history of hydropower development in the Himalaya indicates that many tunnels have suffered from cost over- runs and delays. These issues are directly dependent on the quality of rock mass and the permanent rock support applied in underground excavation. Right judgment and proper evaluation of the self supporting capability of the rock mass and the use of optimum rock support systems help considerably in reducing construction cost and delays. This paper examines such issues as geological conditions in the Himalayas and varying approaches and costs in tunnel construction. An assessment is made regarding the exclusion of permanent concrete lining in the headrace tunnel of the 72MW Middle Marsyangdi Hydroelectric Project in Nepal. The project has 5.2 km fully concrete lined headrace tunnel that passes through fair to poor rock mass. The evaluation is based on the use of actually recorded rock mass quality of the headrace tunnel during construction and rock support principle used at the comparable Khimti Hydro Project headrace tunnel. The evaluation includes calculation of equivalent tunnel section for similar headloss, stability analysis, assessment of possible water leakage, and required injection grouting measures. We conclude that the headrace tunnel without permanent concrete lining was possible and would have been equally stable, at considerable fnancial savings.Key words: Equivalent tunnel section; Squeezing; Tunnel lining; Stability analysis; Leakage control; Hydropower; NepalDOI: 10.3126/hn.v6i0.4188Hydro Nepal Vol 6, January 2010Page : 18-26Uploaded Date: 23 January, 2011

scholarly journals Geological mapping and stand-up time estimation based on core drill evaluation using RMR89 on Tunnel 3 Sigli Banda Aceh Toll Road

2021 ◽  
Vol 325 ◽  
pp. 02004
Author(s):  
Hanif Khoirul Latif ◽  
Salahuddin Husein ◽  
I Gde Budi Indrawan
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Geological Mapping ◽  
Drill Core ◽  
Toll Road ◽  
Site Investigations ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Core Evaluation ◽  
Banda Aceh

Tunnel 3 of the Sigli Banda Aceh Toll Road has been designed based on several site investigations. The site investigations have not included surface geological investigations. Subsurface geological investigations have been carried out but with less detailed drill core evaluation. This will cause less accuracy on the assessed tunnel stand-up time. This research aims to evaluate the engineering geological conditions at the tunnel construction site by conducting geological mapping with 1:5,000 scale and re-evaluating drill core using RMR89 method more thoroughly so that it can produce more accurate assessment of the tunnel stand-up time. The geological mapping result shows that the research area has three rock units, namely lapili, tuffaceous sandstones, and interbedded sandstone-siltstones, with moderate to fresh weathering degree. The drill core evaluation shows that research area has poor to good rock mass classes (34 – 67). The drill core evaluation results also indicate possible geological structures that may influence subsurface rock mass strength. The tunnel stand-up time obtained from the lowest RMR89 value for each drill core shows a value of 5 - 90 hours, implying immediate application of support system after tunnel excavation.

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