scholarly journals Integrasi Model SWAT dan SIG dalam Upaya Menekan Laju Erosi DAD Deli, Sumatera Utara

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riki Rahmad ◽  
Ali Nurman
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Hydrological Response ◽  
Weight Category ◽  
Response Unit ◽  
Percentage Difference ◽  
Land Use Scenarios ◽  
Hydrological Response Unit

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan simulasi model SWAT dalam menghitung besarnya laju erosi DAS, menguji kesesuaian model dalam memprediksi erosi, serta menentukan skenario penggunaan lahan yang paling optimal menurunkan laju erosi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di DAS Deli, Sumatera Utara. Pada penelitian ini analisis SWAT dilakukan dengan bantuan Sistem Informasi Geografi (SIG) melalui 4 proses yaitu delineasi, pembentukan Hydrological Response Unit (HRU), pengolahan data dan simulasi, serta proses visualisasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan besarnya erosi rata-rata DAS Deli adalah 410,72 ton/ha/tahun. Hasil ini menunjukkan DAS Deli termasuk kedalam Tingkat Bahaya Erosi (TBE) kategori Berat dengan kriteria sangat berat 37,04%, berat 17,07%, sedang 21,46%, ringan 17,38%, dan sangat ringan 7,04%. Uji validasi model menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan positif antara debit model dan observasi dimana persentase perbedaan nilainya sangat kecil yang artinya besarnya debit model hampir sangat mendekati besarnya debit observasi, serta model dikategorikan sangat baik dalam melakukan simulasi debit aliran harian pada Sungai Deli. Metode skenario adalah berdasarkan analisis TBE. Hasil skenario penggunaan lahan berhasil menurunkan laju erosi DAS Deli 34,78% menjadi 267,88 ton/ha/tahun.This study aims to conduct SWAT model simulation calculation of the rate of erosion of the watershed, testing the suitability of the model in predicting erosion, land use scenarios and determine the most optimal decrease the rate of erosion. This research was conducted in the watershed Deli, North Sumatra. In this study, SWAT analysis performed with the help of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) through 4 delineation process, namely, the establishment of Hydrological Response Unit (HRU), data processing and simulation, as well as the visualization process. The results show the average amount of erosion DAS Deli is 410.72 ton/ha/year. These results indicate DAS Deli included into Erosion Hazard Level (TBE) weight category with very strict criteria 37.04%, 17.07% by weight, were 21.46%, 17.38% mild and very mild 7.04%. Test model validation indicates that there is a positive relationship between the discharge and observation models where the percentage difference in value is very small, which means the amount of discharge model is very very close to a number of discharge observations, and models are categorized very good at simulating the daily flow rate at the Deli River. The scenario method is based on analysis of TBE. The results of land use scenarios managed to reduce the rate of erosion of the watershed Deli 34.78% to 267.88 tons/ha/year.

scholarly journals Hydrological Responses to Land Use Land Cover Changes in the Fincha’a Watershed, Ethiopia

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 916
Author(s):  
Urgessa Kenea ◽  
Dereje Adeba ◽  
Motuma Shiferaw Regasa ◽  
Michael Nones
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Hydrological Response ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Hydrological Responses ◽  
Basin Scale

Land use land cover (LULC) changes are highly pronounced in African countries, as they are characterized by an agriculture-based economy and a rapidly growing population. Understanding how land use/cover changes (LULCC) influence watershed hydrology will enable local governments and policymakers to formulate and implement effective and appropriate response strategies to minimize the undesirable effects of future land use/cover change or modification and sustain the local socio-economic situation. The hydrological response of the Ethiopia Fincha’a watershed to LULCC that happened during 25 years was investigated, comparing the situation in three reference years: 1994, 2004, and 2018. The information was derived from Landsat sensors, respectively Landsat 5 TM, Landsat 7 ETM, and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS. The various LULC classes were derived via ArcGIS using a supervised classification system, and the accuracy assessment was done using confusion matrixes. For all the years investigated, the overall accuracies and the kappa coefficients were higher than 80%, with 2018 as the more accurate year. The analysis of LULCC revealed that forest decreased by 20.0% between the years 1994–2004, and it decreased by 11.8% in the following period 2004–2018. Such decline in areas covered by forest is correlated to an expansion of cultivated land by 16.4% and 10.81%, respectively. After having evaluated the LULCC at the basin scale, the watershed was divided into 18 sub-watersheds, which contained 176 hydrologic response units (HRUs), having a specific LULC. Accounting for such a detailed subdivision of the Fincha’a watershed, the SWAT model was firstly calibrated and validated on past data, and then applied to infer information on the hydrological response of each HRU on LULCC. The modelling results pointed out a general increase of average water flow, both during dry and wet periods, as a consequence of a shift of land coverage from forest and grass towards settlements and build-up areas. The present analysis pointed out the need of accounting for past and future LULCC in modelling the hydrological responses of rivers at the watershed scale.

scholarly journals ANALISIS RESPON HIDROLOGI DAN SIMULASI TEKNIK KONSERVASI TANAH DAN AIR SUB DAS CIMANUK HULU

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Gilang Munggaran ◽  
Yayat Hidayat ◽  
Surya Darma Tarigan ◽  
Dwi Putro Tejo Baskoro
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Base Flow ◽  
Soil And Water Conservation ◽  
Flow Discharge ◽  
Hydrology Model ◽  
Land Use Scenarios ◽  
Soil And Water

Cimanuk Watershed is a priority catchment in West Java Province. The objective of study is to analyze various land use scenarios to improve base flow and lateral flow. The analysis use SWAT Hydrology model. The study showed that model has a good performance in predicting flow discharge produced NSE 0.56 (satisfactorily) and R2 0.70. There are four scenarios to be analyzed. The best base flow and lateral flow analyses is from the first scenario with soil and water conservation techniques. The scenario resulted the river regime coefficient by 78 (moderat), reduce direct runoff by 40.76% and increase lateral by 536.95 mm. Keywords: Base flow, landuse, lateral flow, soil and water conservation techniques, SWAT model 

scholarly journals Anthropogenic Land Use/Cover Change Detection And Its Impacts On Hydrological Responses of Genale Catchment, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tufa Feyissa Negewo ◽  
Arup Kumar Sarma
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Change Detection ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Hydrological Response ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Lulc Change ◽  
Hydrological Responses

Abstract Change in land use land-cover (LULC) is a paramount dynamic present-day challenging landscape process capable of altering the hydrological responses in the catchment. As the land use planners require updated and high-resolution land resources information, understanding land cover change-induced status due to anthropogenic activities is significant. In this study, multitemporal cloud-free satellite imageries for periods (1990, 2002, and 2013) were used to quantify the spatiotemporal dynamics of land-use change detection and examine the effect on hydrological response using Geographical Information System (GIS) and Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model in the Genale watershed, Ethiopia. The model performance was evaluated through sensitivity, uncertainty analysis, calibration, and validation process. The analysis of LULC change patterns for the area under study over 24 years showed that most parts of the green forest, barren land, and range shrubs were changed into agriculture, built up, wetlands, and water body with an increase of agriculture by 60%, built up 68%, pasture 37%, range shrubs 9%, and water body 57% over (1990 to 2013), which increased surface runoff, water yield, and sediment yield in the catchment. Significant changes in hydrological elements were observed at the sub-basins scale, mainly associated with the uneven spatial distribution of LULC changes compared to the whole watershed. The impacts of individual LULC change on hydrological response show a good correlation matrix. The regional government needs to modify land development policies and sustainable plans for examining LULC change detection using satellite imagery to avoid illegal land expansion activities.

scholarly journals Hydrological response unit-based blowing snow modelling over an alpine ridge

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1167-1208 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. MacDonald ◽  
J. W. Pomeroy ◽  
A. Pietroniro
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Blowing Snow ◽  
Hydrological Response ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Response Unit ◽  
Winter Snow ◽  
Hydrological Response Unit

Abstract. Snow redistribution by wind and the resulting accumulation regimes were simulated for two winters over an alpine ridge transect located in the Canada Rocky Mountains. Simulations were performed using physically based blowing snow and snowmelt models. A hydrological response unit (HRU)-based spatial discretization was used rather than a more computationally expensive fully-distributed one. The HRUs were set up to follow an aerodynamic sequence, whereby eroded snow was transported from windswept, upwind HRUs to drift accumulating, downwind HRUs. HRUs were selected by examining snow accumulation patterns from manual snow depth measurements. Simulations were performed using two sets of wind speed forcing: (1) station observed wind speed, and (2) modelled wind speed from a widely applied empirical, terrain-based windflow model. Best results were obtained when using the site meteorological station wind speed data. The windflow model performed poorly when comparing the magnitude of modelled and observed wind speeds, though over-winter snow accumulation results obtained when using the modelled wind speeds were reasonable. However, there was a notable discrepancy (17%) between blowing snow sublimation quantities estimated when using the modelled and observed wind speeds. As a result, the end-of-winter snow accumulation was considerably underestimated (32%) when using the modelled wind speeds. That snow redistribution by wind can be adequately simulated in computationally efficient HRUs over this alpine ridge has important implications for representing snow transport in large-scale hydrology models and land surface schemes. Snow redistribution by wind was shown to significantly impact snow accumulation regimes in mountainous environments as snow accumulation was reduced to less than one-third of snowfall on windswept landscapes and nearly doubled in certain lee slope and treeline areas. Blowing snow sublimation losses were shown to be significant (approximately one-quarter of snowfall or greater).

Perencanaan lokasi mini sabodam untuk pengendalian sedimentasi pada Calon Waduk Ciawi, DAS Ciliwung, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Santosa Sandy Putra ◽  
Soewarno Soewarno ◽  
Dwi Kristianto
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Hydrological Response ◽  
Response Unit ◽  
Hydrological Response Unit ◽  
Water Assessment ◽  
Soil And Water

Pengelolaan sedimentasi pada Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Ciliwung hulu adalah salah satu kunci keberhasilan rencana pembangunan Waduk Ciawi. Sedimen yang dibawa oleh aliran sungai dapat ditampung menggunakan konstruksi mini sabodam. Kapasitas tampung yang kecil dari mini sabodam membuat struktur tersebut ramah lingkungan dan mudah dibangun. Namun demikian, letak dari mini sabodam perlu direncanakan agar dapat berfungsi secara maksimal (menampung sedimen yang akan masuk ke calon Waduk Ciawi). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi volume sedimen yang akan tertahan serta lokasi usulan pembangunan mini sabodam di DAS Ciliwung Hulu. Analisis potensi sedimen dilakukan dengan pemodelan numeris SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) dan didasarkan pada karakteristik tanah, kelerengan,  dan tutupan lahan yang ada. Kawasan DAS Ciliwung hulu diklasifikasikan ke dalam beberapa HRU (Hydrological Response Unit). Masing-masing HRU merepresentasikan respon kawasan tersebut terhadap kejadian hujan. Model yang telah divalidasi kemudian digunakan untuk mengukur laju sedimentasi pada lokasi usulan mini sabodam. Penelitian ini menghasilkan tata letak, kapasitas tampung minimum, dan pola pemeliharaan (pengerukan sedimen) yang harus dilakukan agar mini sabodam dapat terus berfungsi dengan baik. Hasil akhir penelitian ini merupakan rekomendasi penting bagi penyusunan rencana induk pengendalian sedimentasi Calon Waduk Ciawi.

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