scholarly journals COPROCESSED EXCIPIENTS OF CROSSLINKED AMYLOSE AND XANTHAN GUM FOR USE IN CONTROLLED RELEASE DOSAGE FORMS

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Silvia Surini ◽  
Lusiana Ariani ◽  
Kurnia Ss Putri ◽  
Hayun Hayun ◽  
Effionora Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Gel Strength ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
Sodium Trimetaphosphate ◽  
Substitution Degree ◽  
Phosphate Groups ◽  
Polymer Ratio

Objective: This study was aimed to obtain a new excipient that can be used as a polymer matrix for the formulation of controlled release dosage forms.Methods: This study used coprocessing and crosslinking methods on amylose and xanthan gum (XG) to obtain a new excipient that can be usedfor controlled release matrix of pharmaceutical dosage forms. The coprocessing step was conducted by drum drying, and the crosslinking step wasprepared using 6 and 12% sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP). The produced novel excipients were characterized in terms of infrared (IR) spectrum,substitution degree, moisture content, swelling index, and gel strength.Results: Our results showed that amylose–XG excipients crosslinked using 6% STMP have greater gel strength and better swelling indexes thanexcipients crosslinked using 12% STMP. All coprocessed excipients exhibited no differences in their IR spectra, whereas the crosslinked excipientsdid, indicating a structural change due to the addition of phosphate groups. Crosslinking amylose–xanthan-coprocessed excipients using 6% STMPproduced degrees of substitution (DSs) of 7–8 phosphates per 100 monomeric subunits. The excipients had a moisture content of 8.21–12.85%, andthe pH of a 1% solution of excipients was 6.21–6.43. In addition, the swelling index and gel strength of the excipient where both amylose and XG werecrosslinked together Were more than 1 where only amylose was crosslinked.Conclusion: The crosslinking amylose–xanthan-coprocessed excipient using 6% STMP is more suitable for use in controlled release dosage forms,particularly when the polymer ratio is 1:1.

scholarly journals Materials for Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms: Molecular Pharmaceutics and Controlled Release Drug Delivery Aspects

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3298-3322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi M. Mansour ◽  
MinJi Sohn ◽  
Abeer Al-Ghananeem ◽  
Patrick P. DeLuca
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Controlled Release ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
Release Drug

scholarly journals A Biodegradable Copolyester, Poly(butylene succinate-co-ε-caprolactone), as a High Efficiency Matrix Former for Controlled Release of Drugs

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1057
Author(s):  
Eduardo Galdón ◽  
Mónica Millán-Jiménez ◽  
Gloria Mora-Castaño ◽  
Antxon Martínez de Ilarduya ◽  
Isidoro Caraballo
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
Extended Release ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Butylene Succinate ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
First Time ◽  
Hot Melt

A biodegradable copolyester, poly(butylene succinate-co-ε-caprolactone) (PBS_CL), was used for first time as an excipient for pharmaceutical dosage forms using direct compression and hot processing techniques (ultrasound-assisted compression (USAC) and hot melt extrusion (HME)). Robust binary systems were achieved with hot processing techniques, allowing a controlled release of the drug. With only 12% v/v of PBS_CL, controlled release forms were obtained using USAC whereas in HME over 34% v/v of excipient is necessary. Amounts over 23% v/v allowed a long-extended release for more than 72 h following diffusional kinetic. Thanks to the high melting point of theophylline and the physicochemical properties of PBS_CL selected and synthesized, the structure of the excipient inside the USAC tablets and HME filaments corresponds to a continuum medium. A percolation threshold around 23% v/v was estimated, which agrees with a continuum percolation model. The polymer shows a high excipient efficiency value using HME and USAC. A nanostructured matrix with wall thicknesses lower than 0.1 µm was obtained. This leads to a very effective coating of the drug particles by the excipient, providing a slow and reproducible release. The present study therefore supports the use of PBS_CL, for the preparation of controlled release dosage forms using hot processing techniques.

scholarly journals Manufacture and Characterization of Mucoadhesive Buccal Films Based on Pectin and Gellan Gum Containing Triamcinolone Acetonide

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Pereira Fernandes ◽  
Amanda Campos Fortes ◽  
Said Gonsalves da Cruz Fonseca ◽  
Jörg Breitkreutz ◽  
Humberto Gomes Ferraz
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Gellan Gum ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Dissolution Profile ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Buccal Films

The treatment of canker sores can be quite compromised by the short period of the drug in the place of action. In this context, there is a need to develop drug dosage forms that allow more contact with the oral mucosa providing prolonged drug release. Therefore, the aim of this work was to obtain and characterize buccal films based on pectin and gellan gum in order to evaluate the potential use of these natural polymers in the production of pharmaceutical dosage forms for controlled release of TA in the oral mucosa. Using a 23 full factorial design, eight formulations were prepared by solvent casting method. The raw materials and films were characterized using techniques such as FTIR, DSC, and TG. In addition, thickness, mechanical properties, mucoadhesive strength, swelling, drug content, and dissolution profile of the films were evaluated. The results of FTIR, DSC, and TG showed that new chemical species are not formed in the production of films, and that these dosage forms have an adequate thermal behavior. All formulation showed a high degree of swelling, good mechanical resistance and elasticity, and a good mucoadhesive strength as well as able to act as a controlled release system.

Controlled Release of Metformin Hydrochloride I. In vitro Release from Physical Mixture Containing Xanthan Gum as Hydrophilic Rate Retarding Polymer

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mashkura Ashrafi ◽  
Jakir Ahmed Chowdhury ◽  
Md Selim Reza
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Metformin Hydrochloride ◽  
Model Drug ◽  
Very High

Capsules of different formulations were prepared by using a hydrophilic polymer, xanthan gum and a filler Ludipress. Metformin hydrochloride, which is an anti-diabetic agent, was used as a model drug here with the aim to formulate sustained release capsules. In the first 6 formulations, metformin hydrochloride and xanthan gum were used in different ratio. Later, Ludipress was added to the formulations in a percentage of 8% to 41%. The total procedure was carried out by physical mixing of the ingredients and filling in capsule shells of size ‘1’. As metformin hydrochloride is a highly water soluble drug, the dissolution test was done in 250 ml distilled water in a thermal shaker (Memmert) with a shaking speed of 50 rpm at 370C &plusmn 0.50C for 6 hours. After the dissolution, the data were treated with different kinetic models. The results found from the graphs and data show that the formulations follow the Higuchian release pattern as they showed correlation coefficients greater than 0.99 and the sustaining effect of the formulations was very high when the xanthan gum was used in a very high ratio with the drug. It was also investigated that the Ludipress extended the sustaining effect of the formulation to some extent. But after a certain period, Ludipress did not show any significant effect as the pores made by the xanthan gum network were already blocked. It is found here that when the metformin hydrochloride and the xanthan gum ratio was 1:1, showed a high percentage of drug release, i.e. 91.80% of drug was released after 6 hours. But With a xanthan gum and metformin hydrochloride ratio of 6:1, a very slow release of the drug was obtained. Only 66.68% of the drug was released after 6 hours. The percent loading in this case was 14%. Again, when Ludipress was used in high ratio, it was found to retard the release rate more prominently. Key words: Metformin Hydrochloride, Xanthan Gum, Controlled release capsule Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. Vol.4(1) 2005 The full text is of this article is available at the Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. website

Development and Evaluation of Controlled Release Mucoadhesive Tablets of Captopril

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 3318-3329
Author(s):  
Kranthi Kumar Kotta ◽  
L. Srinivas
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
Diffusion Mechanism ◽  
Matrix Tablets ◽  
Fickian Diffusion ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
In Vitro Drug Release ◽  
Mucoadhesive Tablets

The present investigation focuses on the development of mucoadhesive tablets of captopril which are designed to prolong the gastric residence time after oral administration. Matrix tablets of captopril were formulated using four mucoadhesive polymers namely guar gum, xanthan gum, HPMC K4M and HPMC K15M and studied for parameters such as weight variation, thickness, hardness, content uniformity, swelling index, mucoadhesive force and in vitro drug release. Tablets formulated Xanthan gum or HPMC K4M with HPMC K15M provide slow release of captopril over period of 12 hr and were found suitable for maintenance portion of oral controlled release tablets. The cumulative % of drug release of formulation F9 and F10 were 90 and 92, respectively. In vitro release from these tablets was diffusion controlled and followed zero order kinetics. The ‘n’ values obtained from the pappas-karsemeyer equation suggested that all the formulation showed drug release by non-fickian diffusion mechanism. Tablets formulated Xanthan gum or HPMC K4M with HPMC K15M (1:1) were established to be the optimum formulation with optimum bioadhesive force, swelling index & desired invitro drug release. This product was further subjected to stability study, the results of which indicated no significant change with respect to Adhesive strength and in vitro drug release study.

Formulation and Evaluation of Bilayer Sustained Release Tablets of Salbutamol and Theophylline

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 638-646
Author(s):  
R. Nagaraju ◽  
Rajesh Kaza
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Cellulose ◽  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Dissolution Studies ◽  
Sustained Release Tablets ◽  
Dissolution Apparatus ◽  
Single Dosage

Salbutamol and theophylline are available in conventional dosage forms, administered four times a day, leading to saw tooth kinetics and resulting in ineffective therapy. The combination of these two drugs in a single dosage form will enhance the patient compliance and prolong bronchodilation. Various polymers, such as hydroxy propyl methylcellulose K4M (HPMC- K4M), hydroxy propyl methylcellulose K100M (HPMC- K100M), xanthan gum, ethyl cellulose and hydroxy propyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMC-P) were studied. HPMC-P and HPMC- K4M were found to be best in controlling the release. In-vitro dissolution studies were carried out for all the bi-layered tablets developed using USP dissolution apparatus type 2 (paddle). It was found that the tablet FB15-FW3 showed 50% release of salbutamol in first hour and the remaining was released for eight hours. However, theophylline was found to be released as per the USP specifications. The IR spectrum was taken for FB15-FW3 formulation and it revealed that there is no disturbance in the principal peaks of pure drugs salbutamol and theophylline. This further confirms the integrity of pure drugs and no incompatibility of them with excipients. Also, formulation of FB15-FW3 has shown required release pattern and complies with all the evaluated parameters and comparable to the marketed formulation.

Spectrophotometric Determination of Alendronate Sodium by using Sodium-1,2-Naphthoquinone-4-Sulphonate

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1563-1568
Author(s):  
Sagar Suman Panda ◽  
Ravi Kumar B V V ◽  
D Patanaik
Keyword(s):  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Absorption Maximum ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Alendronate Sodium ◽  
Colored Complex ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
Recovery Study ◽  
Assay Conditions

A simple, precise and accurate spectrophotometric method was developed for analysis of the osteoporesis drug alendronate sodium (ALS). The method is based on reaction of the drug with sodium-1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulphonate (NQS) in presence of alkali to form a brown colored complex giving absorption maximum at 525 nm. The drug obeyed Beer’s law in the range of 5-70 µg/ml with a correlation coefficient of 0.999. The LOD and LOQ values are 1.7 µg/ml and 5.0 µg/ml, respectively. The average recoveries for recovery study were found to be in the range of 99.37%-100.46%. The R.S.D. values for intraday and inter-day precision were found to be 0.48 and 0.62, respectively. The optimized assay conditions were applied successfully for determination of ALS in pharmaceutical dosage forms. No interference was observed from the excipients present in the dosage form. The method is statistically validated as per the ICH requirements.  

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