scholarly journals Effect of Mini-Sprinkler Irrigation on Yield of Two Hybrid Maize Varieties under Two Levels of Fertilization on Dryland of Nangakara Area, Sumbawa, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 832-837
Author(s):  
Wayan Wangiyana ◽  
I Gusti Made Kusnarta
Keyword(s):  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Hybrid Maize ◽  
Two Hybrid

scholarly journals Influence of different sowing density in two varieties of maize. Part II. Relation to agricultural morphological features

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-219
Author(s):  
Piotr Szulc ◽  
Katarzyna Ambroży-Deręgowska
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Seeding Density ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Traditional Variety ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Maize Variety ◽  
Hybrid Maize ◽  
Two Hybrid

Summary In this paper, we investigate the effect of seeding density on several morphological features such as plant height, height of the production ears, ear length, ear diameter, leaf area, and LAI (leaf area index). Inference is based on a series of three-year two-factor experiments with two hybrid maize varieties – SY Cooky and Drim “stay-green” type – and 5 sowing densities: 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 plants per m2. The “stay-green” maize variety had production cobs significantly higher on the plant, and had a thicker cob and a larger leaf assimilation area than the conventional variety. Increasing maize sowing density from 6 to 10 plants m−2 resulted in a linear decrease in cob length and diameter, while it increased the LAI. Significantly higher chlorophyll content, expressed in SPAD units, was found in the “stay-green” hybrid at the BBCH 67 stage in a wet (2012) and drier year (2014), compared with the traditional variety. This may indicate that such a variety is more tolerant to stress conditions.

scholarly journals Trehalose Protects Maize Plants from Salt Stress and Phosphorus Deficiency

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 568
Author(s):  
Md. Motiar Rohman ◽  
Md. Robyul Islam ◽  
Mahmuda Binte Monsur ◽  
Mohammad Amiruzzaman ◽  
Masayuki Fujita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Monodehydroascorbate Reductase ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Combined Stress ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Hybrid Maize

This study is undertaken to elucidate the role of trehalose (Tre) in mitigating oxidative stress under salinity and low P in maize. Eight-day-old maize seedlings of two maize varieties, BARI Hybrid Maize-7 and BARI Hybrid Maize-9, were subjected to salinity (150 mM NaCl), low P (5 µM KH2PO4) and their combined stress with or without 10 mM Tre for 15 d. Salinity and combined stress significantly inhibited the shoot length, root length, and root volume, whereas low P increased the root length and volume in both genotypes. Exogenous Tre in the stress treatments increased all of the growth parameters as well as decreased the salinity, low P, and combined stress-mediated Na+/K+, reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), lipoxygenase (LOX) activity, and methylglyoxal (MG) in both genotypes. Individually, salinity and low P increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in both genotypes, but combined stress decreased the activity. Peroxidase (POD) activity increased in all stress treatments. Interestingly, Tre application enhanced the SOD activity in all the stress treatments but inhibited the POD activity. Both catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity were increased by saline and low P stress while the activities inhibited in combined stress. Similar results were found for ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione peroxidase (GR), and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) activities in both genotypes. However, monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) activity was inhibited in all the stresses. Interestingly, Tre enhanced CAT, APX, GPX, GR, MDHAR, and DHAR activities suggesting the amelioration of ROS scavenging in maize under all the stresses. Conversely, increased glyoxalase activities in saline and low P stress in BHM-9 suggested better MG detoxification system because of the down-regulation of glyoxalase-I (Gly-I) activity in BHM-7 in those stresses. Tre also increased the glyoxalase activities in both genotypes under all the stresses. Tre improved the growth in maize seedlings by decreasing Na+/K+, ROS, MDA, and MG through regulating antioxidant and glyoxalase systems.

scholarly journals Identification of Associations between SSR Markers and Quantitative Traits of Maize (Zea mays L.)

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Jan Bocianowski ◽  
Kamila Nowosad ◽  
Barbara Wróbel ◽  
Piotr Szulc
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Multiple Traits ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Hybrid Maize

Microsatellite or simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers have wide applicability for genetic analysis in crop plant improvement strategies. Marker-assisted selection is an important tool for plant breeders to increase the efficiency of a breeding process, especially for multigenic traits, highly influenced by the environment. In this paper, the relationships between SSR markers and 26 quantitative traits of hybrid maize varieties (Zea mays L.) were analyzed. Association analyses were performed based on 30 SSR primers in a set of thirteen hybrid maize varieties. A total of 112 SSR markers were detected in these genotypes. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 1 to 17, with the average number of alleles per locus equal to 3.7. The number of molecular markers associated with observed traits ranged from 1 (for the number of kernels in row, ears weight and fresh weight of one plant) to 14 (for damage of maize caused by P. nubilalis) in 2016 as well as from 1 (for soil plant analysis development—SPAD, the number of grains in ear and fresh weight of one plant) to 12 (for carotenoids content) in 2017. The sum of statistically significant associations between SSR markers and at least one trait was equal to one hundred sixty in 2016 as well as one hundred twenty-five in 2017. Marker trait associations (MTAs) were found on the basis of regression analysis. The proportion of the total phenotypic variances of individual traits explained by the marker ranged from 24.4% to 77.7% in the first year of study and from 24.3% to 77.9% in 2017. Twenty-two SSR markers performed a significant effect on at least one tested trait in both years of experiment. The three markers (phi021/4, phi036/3, and phi061/2) can be a good tool in marker-assisted selection because they allow simultaneous selection for multiple traits in both years of study, such as the number of kernels in row and the number of grains in ear (phi021/4), the number of plant after germination, the number of plants before harvest, and the number of ears (phi036/3), as well as moisture of grain and length of ears (phi061/2).

scholarly journals Response Of Maize Varieties To Sowing Dates In Inner Terai Region, Dang, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Pukar Khanal ◽  
Rupak Karn ◽  
Pratibha Budhathoki Chhetri ◽  
Samita Karki ◽  
Shrawan Kumar Sah
Keyword(s):  
Unit Area ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Hybrid Maize

AbstractSowing dates and varieties affect the productivity of maize. A field experiment was conducted to find out the response of maize hybrids to sowing dates on growth and productivity of maize in spring season at Lamahi, Dang in 2019. The experiment was laid out in two factor factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications. The treatment consisted of combination of three different sowing dates (February 1, February12 and February 23) and two maize varieties (Arun-2 i.e. OPV and hybrid Bioseed-9220).The result revealed that earlier planting on February 1 produced the highest yield (8265 Kg ha-1) which was significantly superior than latter planting of February 12(6099 kg ha-1)and February 23 (5934 kg ha-1).The higher yield in earlier planting was due to significantly higher no of kernel per ear, non-significant but higher number of cob per unit area, thousand grain weight. Similarly, Bioseed 9220 produced higher yield (7798 kg ha-1) compared to Arun-2 (5,734 kg ha-1). The higher yield of hybrid Bioseed 9220 was because of higher number of cob per unit area harvested and more number of kernel per cob. Therefore, earlier planting with hybrid maize is recommended in spring season of Dang and locations with similar climatic conditions for higher productivity of maize.

scholarly journals Landrace Maize Varieties Used as Phytoremediation of Contaminated Soil with 2,4-D + Picloram

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 302
Author(s):  
Adriano Maltezo da Rocha ◽  
Oscar Mitsuo Yamashita ◽  
Paulo Cesar Laurindo Silva ◽  
Marco Antonio Camillo de Carvalho ◽  
Aureane Cristina Teixeira Ferreira Cândido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Production System ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Evaluation Period ◽  
Maize Cultivar ◽  
Herbicide Residue ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Hybrid Maize

The use of herbicides such as 2,4-D + picloram in livestock areas can contaminate and hinder the use of the production system for subsequent crops of other crops. The objective of the research was to evaluate the ability of landrace maize varieties to reduce contamination of soil treated with 2,4-D + picloram, simulating existing conditions in the Amazon Biome. The experiment consisted of 6 phytoremediation treatments (4 landrace maize varieties, 1 hybrid maize cultivar and 1 control without cultivation), 2 herbicide conditions (with and without) and 3 evaluation periods (28, 56 and 84 days). The soil was contaminated and the maize was subsequently cultivated under the herbicide conditions mentioned above. After each evaluation period, soil samples were collected, which were used to mount bioassays by growing cucumber (plants sensitive to the herbicide). Emergence, aerial dry mass and root dry mass were evaluated. All variables were affected by the herbicide residue. However, the reduction in herbicide persistence in each evaluation period was notable, resulting in the normal reestablishment of bioindicator seedlings, especially in the last evaluation at 84 days. The samples obtained in the soil cultivated with the varieties CR purple and CR white showed the best conditions for the development of cucumber, demonstrating the potential to be studied in phytoremediation programs.

scholarly journals Response Of Maize Varieties To Zinc Fertilization

1970 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Hossain ◽  
M Jahiruddin ◽  
F Khatun
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Ganges River ◽  
River Floodplain ◽  
Zinc Fertilization ◽  
Identical Response ◽  
Zn Addition ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Hybrid Maize

Eight maize varieties viz. four composites (Mohor, Barnali, Khoibhutta, and BARI Maize-6) and four hybrids (BARI Hybrid Maize-1, BARI Hybrid Maize- 3, BARI Hybrid Maize Top 1 & Pacific 984), were tested for their response to zinc fertilization (0 and 3 kg Zn/ha) at the Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Jessore (AEZ-11, High Ganges River Floodplain) during 2002- 2005. The varieties were not equally responsive to Zn addition. Except BARI Hybrid Maize-3, all other hybrids showed higher response to Zn compared to composite varieties. Among the hybrids, the Pacific 984 had the highest response followed by BARI Hybrid Maize-1 and BARI Hybrid Maize Top 1, the later two showed identical response. Comparing the composite varieties, their response can be ranked as Barnali ≈ Mohor > Khoibhutta > BARI Maize-6. The result suggests that BARI Hybrid Maize-3 and BARI Maize-6 were the most Zn inresponsive (Zn efficient) varieties. Further it appeared that Pacific 984 gave the highest seed yield, 10.46 t/ha due to Zn application. So, the farmers can grow this variety with an application of Zn @ 3 kg/ha in the deficient soil. The results also indicate that the farmers can cultivate BARI Hybrid Maize-3 in the moderately zinc deficient soils with a minimum dose (1 to 2 kg/ha) of Zn fertilization. Keywords: Maize varieties; zinc fertilization. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i3.9272 BJAR 2011; 36(3): 437-447

scholarly journals Socio-economic analysis of open pollinated improved and hybrid maize production in Sindhupalchok district of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-139
Author(s):  
Grace Tiwari ◽  
Chandan K.C. ◽  
Praseed Thapa ◽  
Astha Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Household Head ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
T Test ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Maize Productivity ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Hybrid Maize ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Level Training

The study was conducted from April to June, 2020 for comparative analysis of socioeconomic factors and profitability between Open Pollinated Improved (OPI) varieties and Hybrid varieties on maize production in Sindhupalchok district of Nepal. A structured questionnaire was administered to 80 randomly selected households i.e. 48 HHs cultivated OPI and 32 HHs cultivated hybrid maize varieties.  Descriptive statistics, unpaired t-test, multiple linear regressions and indexing were used for data analysis using statistical tools- SPSS version 25 and MS-Excel. Linear regression model revealed that area under maize (5% level), education (5% level), age of household head (1% level), training (1% level), access to credit (5% level) and choice of seed (1 % level) significantly influenced maize production. In addition, unpaired t-test revealed that the productivity of hybrid maize varieties was significantly higher (1% level) than OPI varieties. Fall Armyworm infestation was found to more severe in OPI varieties (5% level) than hybrid. Furthermore, B: C ratio of hybrid varieties (1.59) indicated hybrid maize to be more profitable than OPI (1% level). However, the total cost of cultivation along with the cost of seed per hectare of OPI was found to be lower than hybrid varieties (1% level) thereby significantly increasing the area under maize production for OPI varieties (1% level).  Indexing identified- lack of availability of quality seeds and fertilizers (I= 0.78) as the major problem associated with maize production. Ensuring access to quality seeds and fertilizer at subsidy, mechanization and efficient extension services focused on development of affordable hybrid maize varieties or high yielding OPI and its adoption among the farmers in order to increase maize productivity is recommended.

scholarly journals Genotype by environment interaction and yield stability of hybrid maize varieties evaluated in three locations of mid altitudes of Rwanda

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrice Rwasimitana ◽  
Ngaboyisonga Claver ◽  
Ukozehasi Celestin ◽  
Eva Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Hybrid Maize

A multi-environment yield trial is important to understand the genotype by environment interaction and to select high performing and stable crop varieties. The aim of this study was to identify high yielding and stable hybrid maize varieties for mid altitudes of Rwanda, to compare the performance of new hybrid varieties with commercial checks, and to determine the extent of genotype by environment interaction. Maize is a staple crop used to fight hunger and malnutrition in developing countries. Different varieties have been released to increase yield including Open Pollinated Varieties (OPVs) and hybrids. Genotype by Environment interaction is an issue that all breeding program need to overcome. In the future, improved varieties will be needed in order to increase income for farmers and help in food security Field experiments were conducted to assess the performance and the stability of 27 maize varieties in the mid altitudes zone of Rwanda in the Cyabayaga, Rubona and Bugarama sites. The experimental design was alpha lattice (0,1) with a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Data were collected for a number of characters i.e. silking, Antesis-Silking Interval (ASI), plant height, plant aspect, ear per plant, husk cover, ear aspect, ear rot and grain yield. Data were analyzed by GenS Stat statistical computer package, Discovery Edition. ANOVA and AMMI analysis were applied to assess the performance and the stability of varieties and the degree of genotype by environment interaction (G×E). In addition, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis were conducted to assess relationships between varieties. The results showed that RHM1706, RHMM1701, RHM1409, RHMM1707, WH509, RHMM1704, RHM407, WH101, RHMM1710, RHMM1708, PAN53 and RHM104 were stable across locations. Furthermore, the evaluated varieties were found to cluster into five groups. Varieties found to be most stable are recommended for further use.

scholarly journals Analysis of Added Value of Nasa Hybrid Corn Seed Propagation 29 in Mamuju Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 104-120
Author(s):  
Ketut Indrayana ◽  
Hesti Rahasia ◽  
Marthen P.Sirappa
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Maize Seed ◽  
Hybrid Corn ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Seed Propagation ◽  
Hybrid Maize

Need  for corn is increasing, both for food, animal feed, and industrial raw materials. This is an opportunity as well as a challenge for the government in increasing corn production towards sustainable self-sufficiency. Superior varieties are one of the components that can significantly increase yield. Hybrid varieties have a higher yield potential than composites so that the use of hybrid corn seeds can increase the yield of corn per crop area. The Agricultural Research and Development Agency (Balitbangtan) has produced hybrid maize varieties with high yield potential, which are no less competitive with other private hybrid maize, but they are not well disseminated. In order to obtain added value for farmers and the development of Balitbangtan corn seeds, NASA 29's hybrid corn seed propagation was carried out at the farmer level. The study was carried out in Salukayu Village, Papalang District, Mamuju Regency in 2018 covering an area of ​​1 ha. The results showed that corn seeds were 1.5 tons / ha. The Nasa 29 hybrid maize seed propagation farm is economically feasible and profitable, as indicated by the R / C value of 2.35, TIP 637 kg / ha, TIH Rp. 10,623, - / kg and IK Rp. 88,985, / day. The study of the propagation of the NASA 29 hybrid maize seed was financially feasible and the economic benefits were high and efficient.

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