HIV prevention and men: general population and vulnerable subgroups

2013 ◽  
pp. 71-88
Author(s):  
John Imrie ◽  
Geoffrey Jobson ◽  
Jerome Galea ◽  
Glenn de Swardt
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Hiv Prevention

Targeted and general population interventions for HIV prevention

AIDS ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1201-1209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Sumartojo ◽  
James W. Carey ◽  
Lynda S. Doll ◽  
Helene Gayle
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Hiv Prevention

scholarly journals The case for expanding the definition of ‘key populations’ to include high-risk groups in the general population to improve targeted HIV prevention efforts

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (8) ◽  
pp. 664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olive Shisana ◽  
Numpumelelo Zungu ◽  
Meredith Evans ◽  
Kathryn Risher ◽  
Thomas Rehle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Key Populations ◽  
Definition Of

scholarly journals The Evaluation of the Effect of ICT in HIV Prevention in the General Population in China Based on an Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skill Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xia Liang ◽  
Jun Yang ◽  
Abu S. Abdullah ◽  
Zhikui He ◽  
Li Yang
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Imb Model ◽  
Behavioral Skill ◽  
Regression Effect ◽  
Behavior Skills ◽  
Significant Regression ◽  
Education Effects

Objectives. With an increase in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the application of information and communication technology (ICT) is considered as a helpful solution. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of ICT in HIV prevention in the general population based on an information-motivation-behavioral skill (IMB) model. Methods. A national follow-up study on the evaluation of ICT on HIV health education effects before and after large sample intervention was conducted in 16 provinces of China. ICT was used to carry out a six-month educational program on the prevention of HIV for participants using the WeChat platform. The research group conducted a second questionnaire for participants to collect data and built the IMB model using Mplus 7.0 analysis software. Results. A total of 997 questionnaires were sent, and 957 effective questionnaires were recovered, a recovery rate of 96.0%. Before the ICT intervention, the scores of information was 15.68 ± 3.28 , of motivation was 14.47 ± 4.26 , of behavior skills was 2.26 ± 1.08 , and of condom use was 2.19 ± 1.15 . After the ICT intervention, the scores for information ( 18.54 ± 2.48 ), motivation ( 16.06 ± 4.11 ), behavior skills ( 4.74 ± 1.04 ), and condom use ( 2.64 ± 1.15 ) improved significantly. ICT use had a significant regression effect on motivation ( β = 0.237 , P < 0.001 ), behavior skills ( β = 0.997 , P < 0.001 ), and information ( β = 0.441 , P < 0.001 ), while motivation ( β = 0.196 , P < 0.001 ), behavior skills ( β = 0.207 , P < 0.001 ), and information ( β = 0.092 , P < 0.001 ) had a significant regression effect on condom use. Conclusions. The ICT intervention can not only improve information about HIV prevention, motivation, and behavior skills but also promote the use of condoms, so as to achieve the result of promoting behaviors that act to prevent AIDS within the general population.

HSV Suppression Discredited for HIV Prevention

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
SHERRY BOSCHERT
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention

Arterial stiffness is a potential mechanism and promising indicator of orthostatic hypotension in the general population

VASA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 423-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingtao Meng ◽  
Si Wang ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Shixi Wan ◽  
Kai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Orthostatic Hypotension ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Baroreceptor Sensitivity ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis

Background: Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a disease prevalent among middle-aged men and the elderly. The association between arterial stiffness and OH is unclear. This study evaluates whether arterial stiffness is correlated with OH and tests the usefulness of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), an arterial stiffness marker, with regard to identifying OH. Patients and methods: A sample of 1,010 participants was recruited from the general population (64.8 ± 7.7 years; 426 men) who attended health check-ups. BaPWV and the radial augmentation index (rAI) were both assessed as the arterial stiffness markers, and OH was determined using blood pressure (BP) measured in the supine position, as well as 30 seconds and 2 minutes after standing. Results: The prevalence of OH in this population was 4.9 %. Compared with the non-OH group, both baPWV (20.5 ± 4.5 vs 17.3 ± 3.7, p < 0.001) and rAI (88.1 ± 10.8 vs 84.2 ± 10.7, p < 0.05) were significantly higher in the OH group. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, baPWV (OR, 1.3; 95 % CI, 1.106–1.528; p < 0.05) remained associated with OH. Moreover, the degree of orthostatic BP reduction was related to arterial stiffness. In addition, increases in arterial stiffness predicted decreases in the degree of heart rate (HR) elevation. Finally, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that baPWV was useful in discriminating OH (AUC, 0.721; p < 0.001), with the cut-off value of 18.58 m/s (sensitivity, 0.714; specificity, 0.686). Conclusions: Arterial stiffness determined via baPWV, rather than rAI, was significantly correlated with the attenuation of the orthostatic hemodynamic response and the resultant OH. The impaired baroreceptor sensitivity might be the mechanism. In addition, baPWV appears to be a relatively sensitive and reliable indicator of OH in routine clinical practice.

Prevalence of Suicidal Ideation in Sri Lanka

Crisis ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudath Samaraweera ◽  
Athula Sumathipala ◽  
Sisira Siribaddana ◽  
S. Sivayogan ◽  
Dinesh Bhugra
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
General Population ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
National Average ◽  
The West ◽  
Suicide Methods ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
The World

Background: Suicidal ideation can often lead to suicide attempts and completed suicide. Studies have shown that Sri Lanka has one of the highest rates of suicide in the world but so far no studies have looked at prevalence of suicidal ideation in a general population in Sri Lanka. Aims: We wanted to determine the prevalence of suicidal ideation by randomly selecting six Divisional Secretariats (Dss) out of 17 in one district. This district is known to have higher than national average rates of suicide. Methods: 808 participants were interviewed using Sinhala versions of GHQ-30 and Beck’s Scale for Suicidal Ideation. Of these, 387 (48%) were males, and 421 (52%) were female. Results: On Beck’s Scale for Suicidal Ideation, 29 individuals (4%) had active suicidal ideation and 23 (3%) had passive suicidal ideation. The active suicidal ideators were young, physically ill and had higher levels of helplessness and hopelessness. Conclusions: The prevalence of suicidal ideation in Sri Lanka is lower than reported from the West and yet suicide rates are higher. Further work must explore cultural and religious factors.

Psychometric Properties of the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory for Children (SPAI-C)

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Ogliari ◽  
Simona Scaini ◽  
Michael J. Kofler ◽  
Valentina Lampis ◽  
Annalisa Zanoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Child Anxiety ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Public Performance ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
The Social ◽  
General Populations

Reliable and valid self-report questionnaires could be useful as initial screening instruments for social phobia in both clinical settings and general populations. The present study investigates the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory for Children (SPAI-C) in a sample of 228 children from the Italian general population aged 8 to 11. The children were asked to complete the Italian version of the SPAI-C and the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analyses revealed that social phobia can be conceptualized as a unitary construct consisting of five distinct but interrelated symptom clusters named Assertiveness, General Conversation, Physical/Cognitive Symptoms, Avoidance, and Public Performance. Internal consistency of the SPAI-C total scores and two subscales was good; correlations between SPAI-C total scores and SCARED total scores/subscales ranged from moderate to high (Generalized Anxiety Disorder, for social phobia), with the SCARED Social Phobia subscale as the best predictor of SPAI-C total scores. The results indicate that the SPAI-C is a reliable and sensitive instrument suitable for identifying Social Phobia in the young Italian general population.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document