scholarly journals Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R18 (TFEQ-R18) Spanish Version: Factor Structure Analysis among Normal Weight and Overweight Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-94
Author(s):  
Dagmara Wrzecionkowska ◽  
Sofía Rivera Aragón
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cognitive Restraint ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Mexican Adults ◽  
Three Factor Eating Questionnaire ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Uncontrolled Eating ◽  
Three Factor

The objective of this study was to examine the construct validity of the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) Revised-18, an instrument designed to measure: Uncontrolled Eating, Emotional Eating and Cognitive Restraint, in a sample of Mexican adults of different weights. 342 man and women, with age range 19-79 years old (M=40), were recruited. TFEQ was emailed to the participants who earlier had their weight and height measured. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was applied to examine TFEQ structure. The original three factor structure was corroborated, with nine items loading high on Uncontrolled Eating factor, three on Emotional Eating and four out of the original six on Cognitive Restraint. Two items were excluded due to low item-total correlations. Higher levels of Cognitive Restraint were associated with higher BMI (r=.13, p < .05), we found no connection between Uncontrolled Eating or Emotional Eating and body weight. Our findings suggest that the abbreviated TFEQ (16 items), is a psychometrically valid measure, and can be used to evaluate the tendencies of Cognitive Restraint, Uncontrolled Eating and Emotional Eating in the population of Mexican adults with different body weights.

scholarly journals Association between Cognitive Restraint, Uncontrolled Eating, Emotional Eating and BMI and the Amount of Food Wasted in Early Adolescent Girls

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinan Banna ◽  
Chloe Panizza ◽  
Carol Boushey ◽  
Edward Delp ◽  
Eunjung Lim
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Early Adolescent ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Cognitive Restraint ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Uncontrolled Eating ◽  
Three Factor

Understanding of behavioral factors associated with obesity is of importance in addressing this issue. This study examined the association between cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, emotional eating and body mass index (BMI) and amount of food plated, consumed, leftovers, and leftover food thrown into the trash (food wasted) in early adolescent girls nine to 13 years in O’ahu, Hawai’i (n = 93). Food plated, consumed, leftovers, and food wasted were estimated using a three-day mobile food record™ (mFR). Weight and height were measured to compute BMI (kg/m2). The three-factor eating questionnaire provided a score from 0 to 100 for cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating. Higher scores are indicative of greater cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating. Pearson’s correlations were computed to examine the relationship between three factor eating scores and BMI. General linear models were conducted to examine the effect of each of three-factor eating scores on food plated, consumed, leftovers, and food wasted. Cognitive restraint was positively correlated with BMI (r = 0.36, p < 0.001) and with BMI z-score (r = 0.40, p < 0.001). There were no associations between three-factor eating scores and food plated, consumed, leftovers, and food wasted at lunch. However, at dinner, total energy plated, left over, and food wasted increased by 4.24 kcal/day (p = 0.030), 1.67 kcal/day (p = 0.002), and 0.93 kcal/day (p = 0.031), respectively, with a unit increase in uncontrolled eating score. Similarly, total energy plated and energy left over at dinner increased by 3.40 kcal/day (p = 0.045) and 1.51 kcal/day (p = 0.001), respectively, with a unit increase in emotional eating score. Additional research should examine the specific roles of cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, emotional eating and food waste in the development of obesity in adolescents.

scholarly journals Development and validation of the Child Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (CTFEQr17)

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 2558-2567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor J Bryant ◽  
David Thivel ◽  
Jean-Philippe Chaput ◽  
Vicky Drapeau ◽  
John E Blundell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Food Preference ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Three Factor Eating Questionnaire ◽  
High Level ◽  
Three Factor

AbstractObjectiveTo develop and validate a child and adolescent version of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (CTFEQr17) and to assess its psychometric properties and factor structure. We also examined associations between the CTFEQr17 and BMI and food preferences.DesignA two-phase approach was utilized, employing both qualitative and quantitative methodologies.SettingPrimary and secondary schools, UK.SubjectsIn phase 1, seventy-six children (thirty-nine boys; mean age 12·3 (sd1·4) years) were interviewed to ascertain their understanding of the original TFEQr21 and to develop accessible and understandable items to create the CTFEQr17. In phase 2, 433 children (230 boys; mean age 12·0 (sd1·7) years) completed the CTFEQr17 and a food preference questionnaire, a sub-sample (n253; 131 boys) had their height and weight measured, and forty-five children (twenty-three boys) were interviewed to determine their understanding of the CTFEQr17.ResultsThe CTFEQr17 showed good internal consistency (Cronbach’sα=0·85) and the three-factor structure was retained: cognitive restraint (CR), uncontrolled eating (UE) and emotional eating (EE). Qualitative data demonstrated a high level of understanding of the questionnaire (95 %). High CR was found to be significantly associated with a higher body weight, BMI and BMI percentile. High UE and EE scores were related to a preference for high-fat savoury and high-fat sweet foods. The relationships between CTFEQr17, anthropometry and food preferences were stronger for girls than boys.ConclusionsThe CTFEQr17 is a psychometrically sound questionnaire for use in children and adolescents, and associated with anthropometric and food preference measures.

scholarly journals A 21 tételes Háromfaktoros Evési Kérdőívvel szerzett tapasztalatok fiatal férfiak körében

2017 ◽  
Vol 158 (37) ◽  
pp. 1469-1477
Author(s):  
Edit Czeglédi
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Three Factor Eating Questionnaire ◽  
Uncontrolled Eating ◽  
Male University Students ◽  
Three Factor

Abstract: Introduction: Eating behaviours play a crucial role in the development of obesity. Aims: To conduct a psychometric analysis of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire–R21 and to investigate the correlates of obesogenic eating behaviours among males. Method: Participants of the cross-sectional questionnaire-based study were male university students (n = 239, mean of age: 20.3 years, SD = 2.78 years). Measures: self-reported body weight and body height, Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire–R21, Trait Anxiety Scale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Results: Results of confirmatory factor analysis supported the theoretical model of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire–R21 (χ2(186) = 366.1, p<0.001, CFI = 0.959, TLI = 0.954, RMSEA = 0.064). Internal consistency of the scales was adequate (Cronbach’s α: 0.79–0.88). Body Mass Index and trait anxiety showed significant, positive associations with eating behaviours, such as uncontrolled eating, cognitive restraint, and emotional eating. Conclusions: Results support the construct validity and reliability of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire–R21 among males and highlight the importance of taking psychological factors into account in the prevention of obesity. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(37): 1469–1477.

scholarly journals Sensory perception and psychological aspects of eating behavior: factors influencing fat hedonics in Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-318
Author(s):  
Yun Fei Tan ◽  
See Kwong Goh ◽  
See Wan Yan
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Cognitive Restraint ◽  
Three Factor Eating Questionnaire ◽  
Uncontrolled Eating ◽  
The Relationship

Understanding the causes of obesity epidemic requires examination of what contributes to preference of palatable foods. Using a sensorial-consumer approach, this research examined the relationship between the sensation of the hedonic liking of fat with psychological and weight profiles. The study began with preliminary testing of the hedonic ratings of 24 food items (12 low fat (LF), 12 high fat(HF)) and completion of the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R18) investigating cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating and emotional eating aspects. Eight (8) out of the twelve (12) food pairs that had discriminating characteristics were selected, for inclusion in the study, by 347 panellists. Results showed that overweight individuals had significantly lower liking towards LF sensation (4.27±2.13, p= 0.001) but significantly higher liking towards HF sensation (5.26±2.33, p= 0.001), compared to normal BMI individuals who had a significantly higher liking towards LF sensation (5.69±2.35, p= 0.001) but significantly lower liking towards HF sensation (4.17±2.40, p= 0.001). The Pearson product-moment correlation revealed similar trends on the association between liking of fat sensation and eating behaviour regardless of weight statuses. Specifically, cognitive restrainers were found to prefer the LF sensation while HF sensation were more favoured among uncontrolled and emotional eaters. This highlights the importance of investigating the combined effect of psychological aspects of eating behaviour and weight profiles towards liking of fat sensation.

scholarly journals Psychological Constructs and Dysfunctional Eating in Pakistani University Students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Parental Bonding ◽  
Core Beliefs ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
Cognitive Restraint ◽  
Eating Disorders Inventory ◽  
Three Factor Eating Questionnaire ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Uncontrolled Eating

The&nbsp;present study aims to test a model that seeks to explainhow Parental Bonding and Loneliness may be responsible&nbsp;in the developmentof Dysfunctional Eating&nbsp;Patterns such as&nbsp;Cognitive Restraint,Emotional Eating, Uncontrolled Eating,&nbsp;Drive&nbsp;toward Thinness, Bulimiaand Dissatisfaction with Body Image.&nbsp;It was further hypothesizedthat&nbsp;Metacognitions, Core beliefs andMeta-Emotions&nbsp;would&nbsp;mediate&nbsp;between&nbsp;Loneliness,&nbsp;ParentalBonding, and the aforementioned Dysfunctional Eating Patterns. Correlationalresearch design&nbsp;has been&nbsp;used. A sample of 210 university studentswas selected from government and private universities. Urdu translated versionsof UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3), Three Factor Eating Questionnaire-R-18,Eating Disorders Inventory-3, Parental Bonding&nbsp;Inventory,&nbsp;Beliefsabout Emotions Scale, Eating Disorders Belief Questionnaire&nbsp;andMetacognitions Questionnaire&nbsp;were&nbsp;used for assessment purposes.Correlational&nbsp;Analysis,&nbsp;and Multiple Hierarchical Regressionwere&nbsp;used to analyze the data.&nbsp;Almost all dimensions of&nbsp;ParentalBonding showed significant relationship with some patterns of DysfunctionalEating.&nbsp;Loneliness did not show any significant&nbsp;correlation withDysfunctional Eating.&nbsp;None&nbsp;of the hypothesized mediators(Metacognitions,&nbsp;Meta-Emotions and Core Beliefs) mediated&nbsp;therelationship between&nbsp;Parental Bonding dimensions and patterns&nbsp;ofDysfunctional Eating, yet&nbsp;some&nbsp;interesting relationships emerged.&nbsp;The findings of this research can help in understanding the culturaldifferences between East and West. Possible reasons why results could notsupport the previous literature are discussed. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Association between Cognitive Restraint, Uncontrolled Eating, Emotional Eating and BMI and the Amount of Food Wasted in Early Adolescent Girls

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinan C. Banna ◽  
Chloe E. Panizza ◽  
Carol J. Boushey ◽  
Edward J. Delp ◽  
Eunjung Lim
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Early Adolescent ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Cognitive Restraint ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Uncontrolled Eating ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Three Factor

Understanding behavioral factors associated with obesity is of importance in addressing this issue. This study examined the association between cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, emotional eating and body mass index (BMI) and amount of food plated, consumed, leftovers, and leftover food thrown into the trash (food wasted) in early adolescent girls nine to 13 years in O&rsquo;ahu, Hawai&rsquo;i (n&nbsp;= 93). Food plated, consumed, leftovers, and food wasted were estimated using a three-day mobile food record (mFR). Weight and height were measured to compute BMI (kg/m2). The three-factor eating questionnaire provided a score from 0 to 100 for cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating. Higher scores are indicative of greater cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating. Pearson&rsquo;s correlation and general linear models were computed to examine the relationship between three factor eating scores, BMI, and food plated, consumed, leftovers, and food wasted. There was no clinically significant association between cognitive restraint and amount of food wasted. Cognitive restraint was positively correlated with BMI (r=0.36, p&lt;0.001) and with BMI z score (r=0.40, p&lt;0.001). Uncontrolled eating and emotional eating were positively correlated with amount of leftover food at dinner (r=0.30, p=0.006; r=0.33, p=0.003, respectively). Emotional eating was positively associated with percentage of leftover food at dinner (r=0.24, p=0.30). Additional research should examine the specific roles of cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, emotional eating and food waste in the development of obesity in adolescents.

scholarly journals Examination of the Eating Behavior of the Hungarian Population Based on the TFEQ-R21 Model

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3514
Author(s):  
Zoltán Szakály ◽  
Bence Kovács ◽  
Márk Szakály ◽  
Dorka T. Nagy-Pető ◽  
Tímea Gál ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Reduction Techniques ◽  
Three Factor Eating Questionnaire ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Three Factor

Several theories have emerged to study types of eating behavior leading to obesity, but most of the applied models are mainly related to food choice decisions and food consumer behavior. The purpose of this paper was to examine the eating attitudes of Hungarian consumers by applying the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R21). The national representative questionnaire involved 1000 individuals in Hungary in 2019. Several multivariate statistical techniques were applied for the data analysis: exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, multivariate data reduction techniques, and cluster analysis. This study successfully managed to distinguish the following factors: emotional eating, uncontrolled eating, and cognitive restraint. By using the factors, five clusters were identified: Uncontrolled Emotional Eaters; Overweight, Uncontrolled Eaters; Controlled, Conscious Eaters; the Uninterested; and the Rejecters; all of these could be addressed by public health policy with individually tailored messages. The empirical results led to rejection of the original Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R21), while the TFEQ-R16 model could be validated on a representative sample of adults, for the first time in Hungary.

scholarly journals ADIPOQ gene is linked to emotional eating behaviour in young Nigerian adults independent of psychological traits

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Awoyemi Abayomi Awofala ◽  
Olusegun Emmanuel Ogundele ◽  
Khalid Olajide Adekoya
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Genetic Variant ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
Adipoq Gene ◽  
Cognitive Restraint ◽  
Beta Coefficient ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Uncontrolled Eating

Abstract Background A disturbance in eating behaviour (EB) is the hallmark of patients with eating disorders, and depicts a complex interaction of environmental, psychological and biological factors. In the present study, we propose a model of association of genetic susceptibility—represented by adiponectin (ADIPOQ) gene—with eating behavioural and psychological traits. Results Evaluation of the distribution of a polymorphism of the ADIPOQ (rs1501299 G > T) with respect to three EB factors involving cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating and emotional eating revealed that T-allele in rs1501299 was associated with a decreased susceptibility to emotional EB in codominant (e.g., GG vs. TT) (beta-coefficient [β] = 2.39, 95% Confidence interval [CI] = − 4.02, − 0.76; p value [p] = 0.02), recessive (GG + GT vs. TT) (β = − 2.77, 95% CI = − 3.65, − 0.69; p = 0.005) and additive (GG = 0, GT = 1, TT = 2) (β = − 1.02, 95% CI = − 1.80, − 0.24; p = 0.01) models of inheritance. The presence of the T-allele was not significantly associated with psychological factors involving depression, anxiety and stress. Finally, none of the psychological traits significantly predicted any of the EB factors after controlling for age, body weight and gender. Conclusions Our data suggest that genetic variant in ADIPOQ locus may influence human emotional eating behaviour.

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