scholarly journals DISTRIBUCIÓN, ECOLOGÍA Y ESTADO ACTUAL DEL TAPIR (Tapirus bairdii) EN HONDURAS

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Héctor Orlando Portillo Reyes ◽  
Fausto Elvir ◽  
Marcio Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Distribution Range ◽  
Local Extinction ◽  
Climatic Variables ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Hunting Pressure ◽  
The Caribbean

ResumenSe modeló la distribución potencial del tapir en Honduras, utilizando el programa MaxEnt. Se identificaron las áreas de idoneidad con base en la correlación de los registros de la presencia de la especie y 19 variables climáticas. Los resultados predicen un área aproximada para Honduras de 19,751 km2, lo que representa el 17.55% del territorio hondureño. Se obtuvo un auc de 0.933 y se mostraron valores de 0.32 a 1 en la distribución potencial del tapir. El territorio de la especie se limita a los bosques nublados del caribe hondureño, a una pequeña porción del centro montañoso de Honduras, así como la región de la Moskitia. El hábitat de la distribución del tapir se encuentra fragmentado y aislado, dominado principalmente por paisajes agrícolas. Así mismo el tapir se encuentra amenazado por la presión de cacería y la pérdida de su hábitat por deforestación. De no implementar mayores esfuerzos en la conservación del tapir, esta especie está destinada a extirparse en gran parte de su rango de distribución en Honduras.Palabras clave: distribución potencial, extinción local, idoneidad, MaxEnt.AbstractPotential distribution for tapir in Honduras was modeled using the MaxEnt program. Suitable areas were identified for tapir, correlated and based on records of the presence of the species and 19 climatic variables. The results predicted a potential distribution area in Honduras of 19,751 km2 representing 17.55% of Honduran territory; showing an auc of 0.993 and values from 0.32 to 1 in the potential distribution of the tapir. The tapir territory is represented in the Caribbean by cloud forest and a few high lands in the central east of Honduras and the Moskitia region. The habitat of the tapir is fragmented and isolated, dominated by agricultural landscapes. The tapir is threatened by hunting pressure and habitat loss due to deforestation. If conservation efforts are not improved, this specie will disappear from its distribution range in Honduras.Key words: potential distribution, local extinction, adequacy, MaxEnt.

scholarly journals Predicting the Distribution of the Invasive Species Leptocybe invasa: Combining MaxEnt and Geodetector Models

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Hua Zhang ◽  
Jinyue Song ◽  
Haoxiang Zhao ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
Wuhong Han
Keyword(s):  
Roc Curve ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Distribution Range ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Total Contribution ◽  
Actual Distribution ◽  
Maxent Model ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Leptocybe Invasa

Leptocybe invasa is a globally invasive pest of eucalyptus plantations, and is steadily spread throughout China. Predicting the growth area of L. invasa in China is beneficial to the establishment of early monitoring, forecasting, and prevention of this pest. Based on 194 valid data points and 21 environmental factors of L. invasa in China, this study simulated the potential distribution area of L. invasa in China under three current and future climate scenarios (SSPs1–2.5, SSPs2–3.5, and SSPs5–8.5) via the MaxEnt model. The study used the species distribution model (SDM) toolbox in ArcGIS software to analyze the potential distribution range and change of L. invasa. The importance of crucial climate factors was evaluated by total contribution rate, knife-cut method, and environmental variable response curve, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to test and evaluate the accuracy of the model. The results showed that the simulation effect of the MaxEnt model is excellent (area under the ROC curve (AUC) = 0.982). The prediction showed that L. invasa is mainly distributed in Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, and surrounding provinces, which is consistent with the current actual distribution range. The distribution area of the potential high fitness zone of L. invasa in the next three scenarios increases by between 37.37% and 95.20% compared with the current distribution. Climate change affects the distribution of L. invasa, with the annual average temperature, the lowest temperature of the coldest month, the average temperature of the driest season, the average temperature of the coldest month, and the precipitation in the wettest season the most important. In the future, the core areas of the potential distribution of L. invasa in China will be located in Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, and Hainan. They tend to spread to high latitudes (Hubei, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and other regions).

scholarly journals Potential distribution of the endangered endemic lizard Liolaemus lutzae Mertens, 1938 (Liolaemidae): are there other suitable areas for a geographically restricted species?

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 338-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
GR. Winck ◽  
P. Almeida-Santos ◽  
CFD. Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Diurnal Temperature Range ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Sand Dune ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Environmental Matrices ◽  
High Loss ◽  
Original Distribution ◽  
High Loss Rate

In this study we attempted to access further information on the geographical distribution of the endangered lizard Liolaemus lutzae, estimating its potential distribution through the maximum entropy algorithm. For this purpose, we related its points of occurrence with matrices of environmental variables. After examining the correlation between environmental matrices, we selected 10 for model construction. The main variables influencing the current geographic distribution of L. lutzae were the diurnal temperature range and altitude. The species endemism seemed to be a consequence of a reduction of the original distribution area. Alternatively, the resulting model may reflect the geographic distribution of an ancestral lineage, since the model selected areas of occurrence of the two other species of Liolaemus from Brazil (L. arambarensis and L. occipitalis), all living in sand dune habitats and having psamophilic habits. Due to the high loss rate of habitat occupied by the species, the conservation and recovery of the remaining areas affected by human actions is essential.

scholarly journals Registro notable de dos mesocarnívoros en el bosque nuboso de Baja Verapaz, Guatemala

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Guillermo Alejandro Mármol Kattán ◽  
Gabriela Palomo Muñoz ◽  
Juan Pablo Pinto Meneses ◽  
Isabella Mercedes Rosito Prado
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Natural Reserve

ResumenEl margay (Leopardus wiedii) y el yaguarundi (Herpailurus yagouaroundi) son felinos medianos neotropicales de los cuales existen pocos estudios en Guatemala. Ambas especies se conocen principalmente por observaciones esporádicas y en rara ocasión son referenciadas geográficamente. En este trabajo reportamos la presencia de margay y yaguarundi en la Reserva Natural Ranchitos del Quetzal, Purulhá, Baja Verapaz. Nuestras observaciones se basan en registros de cámaras trampa colocadas en un parche de bosque nuboso entre 1,600 y 1,900 msnm durante 2017 y 2019. Registramos la presencia de yaguarundi a 31 km al sureste del sitio reportado más cercano, lo que extendió su área de distribución en Guatemala. Adicionalmente, confirmamos la presencia de margay a más de 1,500 msnm en bosque nuboso de Baja Verapaz, lo cual extendió su área de distribución 30 km al sureste del sitio reportado más cercano en Guatemala.Palabras clave: cámaras trampa, distribución, Guatemala, mamíferos, margay, yaguarundi.AbstractThe margay (Leopardus wiedii) and jaguarundi (Herpailurus yagouaroundi) are medium-sized neotropical felines for which few studies have been conducted in Guatemala. Both species are mainly known from sporadic observations and are rarely geographically referenced. We report the presence of margay and jaguarundi in the Private Natural Reserve Ranchitos del Quetzal, Purulhá, Baja Verapaz, Guatemala. We base our records on observations using camera traps placed in a cloud forest between 1,600 and 1,900 mamsl during 2017 and 2019. We recorded the presence of jaguarundi 31 km SE of the closest registered site, increasing its reported distribution area in Guatemala. Additionally, we report the presence of margay over 1,500 mamsl in the cloud forest of Baja Verapaz, which increases its distribution by 30 km SE of the closest registered site in Guatemala up to date.Key words: camera traps, distribution, Guatemala, jaguarundi, mammals, margay.

scholarly journals Carnivores (Mammalia) from areas of Nearctic–Neotropical transition in Puebla, central Mexico: presence, distribution, and conservation

Check List ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osvaldo Eric Ramírez-Bravo ◽  
Lorna Hernandez-Santin
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
The State ◽  
Lynx Rufus ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Central Mexico ◽  
Leopardus Pardalis ◽  
Lethal Control ◽  
Hunting Pressure ◽  
Carnivore Species

The Nearctic and Neotropical realms converge in central Mexico, where many areas have not been adequately characterized. Our objective was to revise the distribution and conservation status of carnivores in the state of Puebla, central Mexico. Between September 2008 and January 2011, we conducted interviews and fieldwork on seven previously selected areas. We complemented our data with bibliographical research. We obtained 733 records for 21 species, representing 63% of the carnivores reported for Mexico. We expanded known ranges of three species: Ocelot (Leopardus pardalis), Bobcat (Lynx rufus), and Tropical Ringtail (Bassariscus sumichastrii). Fifty percent of the carnivore species we recorded in Puebla are considered under some risk category. We found that carnivores in our study area are vulnerable to hunting pressure, human-carnivore conflicts that result in lethal control practices, and extensive habitat loss.

scholarly journals Which is worse for the red-billed curassow: habitat loss or hunting pressure?

Oryx ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Elaine Rios ◽  
Philip J. K. McGowan ◽  
Nigel J. Collar ◽  
Maíra Benchimol ◽  
Gustavo R. Canale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Habitat Quality ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Hunting Pressure ◽  
North East ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
The Status ◽  
Patch Density

Abstract Large ground-dwelling Neotropical gamebirds are highly threatened by habitat loss and hunting, but conservationists rarely attempt to distinguish between these two threats in the management of populations. We used three different types of species records to determine the status (i.e. persistence level) of the Endangered red-billed curassow Crax blumenbachii in 14 forest remnants in north-east Brazil, as either persistent, precarious or extirpated. We related these persistence levels to variables measured in a 2-km buffer radius, including variables associated with habitat quality (proportion of forest cover, length of rivers, patch density, distance from rivers) and hunting pressure (proportion of cacao agroforests and farmlands, length of roads, total area occupied by settlements, distance from roads and from settlements). Curassows were more persistent in forest patches located (1) more distant from settlements, (2) in landscapes with few settlements, (3) in landscapes with a high incidence of roads, (4) in a mosaic with a high proportion of forest, shaded cacao agroforest and farmland, and (5) more distant from other forest patches. Hunting pressure potentially exerts more influence on persistence than habitat quality: (1) hunting pressure submodels had a higher explanatory power than habitat quality submodels, (2) final models comprised four hunting pressure variables but only two habitat quality variables, and (3) hunting pressure variables appeared in all models whereas habitat quality variables appeared in only one final model. If hunting pressure is driving declines in curassows, regions with low human presence and a high proportion of forest cover are recommended for establishing new reserves.

scholarly journals Assessing geographic and climatic variables to predict the potential distribution of the visceral leishmaniasis vector Lutzomyia longipalpis in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. e0238198
Author(s):  
Karina Bertazo Del Carro ◽  
Gustavo Rocha Leite ◽  
Amandio Gonçalves de Oliveira Filho ◽  
Claudiney Biral dos Santos ◽  
Israel de Souza Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
The State ◽  
Climatic Variables ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Espirito Santo

scholarly journals Grassland-to-crop conversion in agricultural landscapes has lasting impact on the trait diversity of bees

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaëtane Le Provost ◽  
Isabelle Badenhausser ◽  
Cyrille Violle ◽  
Fabrice Requier ◽  
Marie D’Ottavio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Land Use History ◽  
Pollinator Decline ◽  
Plant Trait ◽  
Trait Diversity ◽  
Bee Communities ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Context Global pollinator decline has motivated much research to understand the underlying mechanisms. Among the multiple pressures threatening pollinators, habitat loss has been suggested as a key-contributing factor. While habitat destruction is often associated with immediate negative impacts, pollinators can also exhibit delayed responses over time. Objectives We used a trait-based approach to investigate how past and current land use at both local and landscape levels impact plant and wild bee communities in grasslands through a functional lens. Methods We measured flower and bee morphological traits that mediate plant–bee trophic linkage in 66 grasslands. Using an extensive database of 20 years of land-use records, we tested the legacy effects of the landscape-level conversion of grassland to crop on flower and bee trait diversity. Results Land-use history was a strong driver of flower and bee trait diversity in grasslands. Particularly, bee trait diversity was lower in landscapes where much of the land was converted from grassland to crop long ago. Bee trait diversity was also strongly driven by plant trait diversity computed with flower traits. However, this relationship was not observed in landscapes with a long history of grassland-to-crop conversion. The effects of land-use history on bee communities were as strong as those of current land use, such as grassland or mass-flowering crop cover in the landscape. Conclusions Habitat loss that occurred long ago in agricultural landscapes alters the relationship between plants and bees over time. The retention of permanent grassland sanctuaries within intensive agricultural landscapes can offset bee decline.

scholarly journals Current and Future Potential Distribution of the Xerophytic Shrub Candelilla (Euphorbia antisyphilitica) under Two Climate Change Scenarios

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Vargas-Piedra ◽  
Ricardo David Valdez-Cepeda ◽  
Armando López-Santos ◽  
Arnoldo Flores-Hernández ◽  
Nathalie S. Hernández-Quiroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North America ◽  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios

Candelilla (Euphorbia antisyphilitica Zucc.) is a shrub species distributed throughout the Chihuahuan Desert in northern Mexico and southern of the United States of America. Candelilla has an economic importance due to natural wax it produces. The economic importance and the intense harvest of the wax from candelilla seems to gradually reduce the natural populations of this species. The essence of this research was to project the potential distribution of candelilla populations under different climate change scenarios in its natural distribution area in North America. We created a spatial database with points of candelilla presence, according to the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). A spatial analysis to predict the potential distribution of the species using Maxent software was performed. Thirteen of 19 variables from the WorldClim database were used for two scenarios of representative concentration pathways (RCPs) (4.5 as a conservative and 8.5 as extreme). We used climate projections from three global climate models (GCMs) (Max Planck institute, the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory and the Met Office Hadley), each simulating the two scenarios. The final predicted distribution areas were classified in five on-site possible candelilla habitat suitability categories: none (< 19%), low (20–38%), medium (39–57%), high (58–76%) and very high (> 77%). According to the area under the curve (0.970), the models and scenarios used showed an adequate fit to project the current and future distribution of candelilla. The variable that contributed the most in the three GCMs and the two RCPs was the mean temperature of the coldest quarter with an influence of 45.7% (Jackknife test). The candelilla’s distribution area for North America was predicted as approximately 19.1 million hectares under the current conditions for the high habitat suitability; however, the projection for the next fifty years is not promising because the GCMs projected a reduction of more than 6.9 million hectares using either the conservative or extreme scenarios. The results are useful for conservation of the species in the area with vulnerable wild populations, as well as for the selection of new sites suitable for the species growth and cultivation while facing climate change.

On the Need for a System of Cloud-forest Parks in Middle America and the Caribbean

1978 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne LaBastille ◽  
Douglas J. Pool
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Tropical Mountain ◽  
Middle America ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Mountain Vegetation ◽  
High Precipitation ◽  
Forest Parks

Tropical New World cloud-forest may best be described as the area of persistent cloud contact with tropical mountain vegetation. Cloud-forest exists in at least five life-zones, being characterized, generally speaking, by having high precipitation and humidity, dripping moisture, continuous cloud or mist cover, absence of frost, and trees laden with mosses and epiphytes.

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