scholarly journals Intestinal Parasite Infestation in HIV Infected Patients in Tertiary Care Center

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 1602-1607
Author(s):  
Dhruba Hari Chandi ◽  
Sucheta J. Lakhani
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Intestinal Parasite ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽  
Coccidian Parasites ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Taenia Species ◽  
Hiv Seropositive

Every year, the number of people living with HIV rises as a consequence of advanced infections and the positive effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Gastrointestinal involvement is common, with 90% of patients seeking treatment for gastrointestinal problems as their HIV infection progresses. Nonetheless, identifying and characterization of infectious agents is important for patient management by excluding a clinical diagnosis and determining appropriate treatment, as well as determining public healthcare policy for true pathogen prevalence and yielding epidemiological risk factors for specific infections. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of symptomatic or asymptomatic intestinal parasitic infection among HIV or AIDS patients. For this study with 80 HIV seropositive patients being recruited from various wards and the Integrated Counseling and Testing Center (ICTC) affiliated to the microbiology department. Patients with acute and chronic diarrhea with abdominal disorder were taken as symptomatic whereas patients without these clinical complaints and who came for routine investigations were taken as asymptomatic. Firstly stool samples were analyzed by macroscopically for the presence of mucus, blood, larvae, segments of tapeworm and adult worms. The consistencies of stool were also recorded such as formed, watery or soft or loose with odor and color. It was examined microscopically after macroscopically for protozoan cysts and trophozoites, helminthic ova and larvae, as wet mount preparation by saline and iodine preparation as well as formal ether concentrated. For the detection of intestinal coccidian parasites, smears were prepared from stool samples and a modified Ziel-Nelseen (MZN) stain was also performed. Stool samples with the detection of parasites were informed for treatment. The prevalence of intestinal parasite was 23.75% with asymptomatic and symptomatic groups having a prevalence of 16.98% and 37.04% respectively. Out of total patients, 56.25% were male and 43.75% were female. Among the male patients, 11 (13.75%) were positive for an intestinal parasitic infection and 8 (10%) were positive among females. The age distribution data revealed that the age group 21-40 years old had the highest number of intestinal parasites, followed by 41-60, 61-80, and 0-20 years old. The most intestinal parasites were found in the young and middle-aged patients, according to this study. Different parasites were identified as Entamoeba histolytica, Taenia species, Ascaris lumbricoides, Cryptosporidium parvum and Isospora with one protozoan, two coccidian parasites and two helminthes. The most common parasite was Taenia species 6 (7.5%) followed by Entamoeba histolytica 5 (6.3%) and Cryptosporidium parvum 5 (6.3%). Intestinal parasitic infection is not uncommon in HIV seropositive patients. This study underscores the need for early diagnosis and treatment of these intestinal parasites in both symptomatic and asymptomatic HIV patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Correlates of Intestinal Parasites among Patients Admitted to Mirembe National Mental Health Hospital, Dodoma, Tanzania

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azan A. Nyundo ◽  
David Z. Munisi ◽  
Ainory P. Gesase
Keyword(s):  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽  
Psychiatric Facility ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stool Samples

Background. Neglected tropical diseases continue to be one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the developing world. Psychiatric patients are among groups at risk for parasitic infection although control and monitoring programs largely overlook this population. This study aimed at determining prevalence and factors associated with intestinal parasitic infection among patients admitted to a psychiatric facility.Method. The study followed cross-sectional design; all the residing patients that met the inclusion criteria were included in the survey. Stool samples were collected and examined by direct wet preparation and formol-ether concentration. Data were analyzed with STATA version 12.1; Chi-square test was computed to determine the level of significance atpvalue < 0.05.Results.Of all 233 patients who returned the stool samples, 29 (12.45%) screened were positive for an intestinal parasite. There was no significant association between parasite carriage and age, sex, or duration of hospital stay.Conclusion. The study shows that intestinal parasitic infection is common among patients in a psychiatric facility and highlights that parasitic infections that enter through skin penetration may be a more common mode of transmission than the oral route. Furthermore, the study underscores the need for surveillance and intervention programs to control and manage these infections.

scholarly journals Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection and its association with anemia among pregnant women in Wondo Genet district, Southern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelo Bolka ◽  
Samson Gebremedhin
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intestinal Parasite ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intestinal Parasitosis

Abstract Background Previous studies reported contradicting findings about the association between intestinal parasitosis and maternal anemia. In this study we aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection and its association with anemia among pregnant women in Wondo Genet district, Southern Ethiopia. Methods This facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in June and July 2018. Pregnant women (n=352) were randomly drawn from five health centers using antenatal care follow-up lists. Trained data collectors administered the questionnaire. Capillary blood was collected and analyzed for hemoglobin using the HemoCue method. Stool sample was collected following standard procedure and analyzed for the presence and types of intestinal parasites using direct microscopy with Formalin-ether concentration technique. Association between intestinal parasitosis and anemia was measured using multivariable binary logistic regression analysis. The outputs are presented using adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results The overall prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was 38.7% (95% CI: 33.6-43.8%). One-tenth (9.7%) of the pregnant women were infected with polyparasites. Ascaris lumbricoides was the predominant infection encountered in 24.9% of the women. The other infections identified were: hookworms (11.2%), Giardia lamblia (5.4%), Entamoeba histolytica (3.4%), Trichuris trichiura (2.9%) and Schistosoma mansoni (2.3%). The mean (± standard deviation) hemoglobin concentration was 12.3 (±1.9) g/dl and 31.5% (95% CI: 26.6-36.4%) women were anemic (hemoglobin < 11 g/dl). The prevalence of anemia among women infected with intestinal parasite (55.6%) was substantially higher than the prevalence in their counterparts (16.4%) (p<0.001). In a multivariable model adjusted for multiple potential confounders including socio-economic status indicators, the odds of anemia were six times increased (AOR=6.14, 95% CI: 2.04-18.45) among those affected by at least one intestinal parasite. Conclusion Strengthening the existing water, sanitation and hygiene programs and routine deworming of pregnant mothers may help to reduce the burden of both intestinal parasitic infection and anemia in pregnant women.

“STUDY OF THE PREVALENCE OF INTESTINAL PARASITES IN A LOW SOCIOECONOMIC AREA OF NORTH INDIA.”

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-61
Author(s):  
Nandlal Kumar ◽  
Poonam Sagar ◽  
Preeti Sagar
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
North India ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Economic Area ◽  
Stool Samples

Objective To determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in low socio economic area of north of India. Method 128 subjects from a village were studied. Stool samples from all subjects were collected over a period of three months and were examined. Results The overall prevalence rate of various parasitic infections was 92.18%, with only 10 of 128 subjects not excreting parasites in their samples. The commonest parasites identied were E. coli infections in 31 (24.2%) subjects, Cyclospora sp. in 29 (22.6%) subjects and Giardia in (21.0%) subjects. The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was relatively higher in females than males. In comparison to the elderly, children and teenagers were found to have a higher number of parasites.

scholarly journals Intestinal parasitic infection among household contacts of primary cases, a comparative cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berhanu Elfu Feleke ◽  
Melkamu Bedimo Beyene ◽  
Teferi Elfu Feleke ◽  
Tadesse Hailu Jember ◽  
Bayeh Abera
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasite ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Household Members

AbstractBackgroundIntestinal parasitic infection affects 3.5 billion people in the world and mostly affecting the low socio-economic groups. The objectives of this research were to estimate the prevalence and determinants of intestinal parasitic infection among family members of known intestinal parasite infected patients.Methods and materialsA comparative cross-sectional study design was implemented in the urban and rural settings of mecha district. The data were collected from August 2017 to March 2019 from intestinal parasitic infected patient household members. Epi-info software was used to calculate the sample size, 4531 household members were estimated to be included. Data were collected using interview technique and colleting stool samples from each household contact of intestinal parasite patients. Descriptive statistics were used to estimate the prevalence of intestinal parasites among known contacts of intestinal parasites patients/family members. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the determinant factors of intestinal parasitic infection among family members.ResultsThe prevalence of intestinal parasite among household contacts of parasite-infected family members was 86.14 % [95% CI: 86.14 % - 87.15 %]. Hookworm parasitic infection was the predominant type of infection (18.8%). Intestinal parasitic infection was associated with sex, environmental sanitation, source of water, habit of playing with domestic animals, the presence of chicken in the house, the presence of household water filtering materials, overcrowding, personal hygiene, residence, and substandard house, role in the household, source of light for the house, floor materials, trimmed fingernails, family size, regular hand washing practice, barefoot.ConclusionThe prevalence of intestinal parasites was high among household contacts of primary confirmed cases.

scholarly journals Intestinal Parasitic Infestation among the Outdoor Patients of Dhaka University Medical Centre, Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 45-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamida Khanum ◽  
Md Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Md Hafiz Uddin ◽  
Shahela Alam ◽  
Fatema Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Female Patient ◽  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Giardia Intestinalis ◽  
Medical Centre ◽  
Parasitic Infestation ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
Stool Samples

In the present study, the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infestation was investigatedamong the outdoor patients including teacher, student and staff of the Dhaka University treated atDhaka University Medical Centre. A total of 380 stool samples were examined. Four species ofintestinal parasites were identified, two protozoans (Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia intestinalis)and two nematodes (Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura). The prevalence of parasiticinfestation was 24.73%. The prevalence of E. histolytica was 3.95%, G. intestinalis 6.31%,A. lumbricoides 11.84% and T. trichiura 2.63%. The prevalence was higher in case of staff(32.31%) and lower in case of teacher (13.16%). Highest prevalence observed during the rainyseason (29.3%) and lowest in winter (19.4%). Female patient showed higher prevalence (31.25%)compared to male (24.14%). The rate of infection was higher (28.3%) among the patients, whoused to drink unboiled water. The present study revealed that parasitic infection among the outdoorpatients of Dhaka University Medical Centre is alarmingly high.Key words: Dhaka University Medical Centre; intestinal parasites; outdoor patientsDOI: 10.3329/ujzru.v28i0.5285Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 28, 2010 pp. 45-49

scholarly journals Nutritional Status and Intestinal Parasite in School Age Children: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berhanu Elfu Feleke
Keyword(s):  
Family Size ◽  
School Children ◽  
Intestinal Parasite ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background. The objectives of this study were to determine the burden of underweight and intestinal parasitic infection in the urban and rural elementary school children.Methods. A comparative cross-sectional study design was conducted. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the determinants of malnutrition or intestinal parasites. Two independent samples’t-test was used to identify the effect of malnutrition on school performance or hemoglobin level.Results. A total of 2372 students were included. Quarters (24.8%) of school children were underweight. Underweight was associated with sex [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 0.61; 95% CI = 0.47–0.78], age [AOR = 0.21; 95% CI = 0.16–0.28], intestinal parasitic infection [AOR 2.67; 95% CI = 2–3.55], and family size [AOR 23; 95% CI = 17.67–30.02]. The prevalence of intestinal parasite among school children was 61.7% [95% CI = 60%–64%]. Shoe wearing practice [AOR 0.71; 95% CI = 0.58–0.87], personal hygiene [AOR 0.8; 95% CI = 0.65–0.99], availability of latrine [AOR 0.34; 95% CI = 0.27–0.44], age [AOR 0.58; 95% CI = 0.48–0.7], habit of eating raw vegetables [AOR 3.71; 95% CI = 3.01–4.46], and family size [AOR 1.96; 95% CI = 1.57–2.45] were the predictors of intestinal parasitic infection.

scholarly journals Nutritional Status of School-aged Children with Intestinal Parasite Infection in South Jakarta, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (E) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Ika Puspa Sari ◽  
Sacha Audindra ◽  
Aqila S. Zhafira ◽  
Arin A. Rahma ◽  
Cut V. Syarira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Intestinal Parasite ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Parasite Infection ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽  
Blastocystis Hominis ◽  
Nutritional Disorder ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Intestinal Parasite Infection

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection still high in Indonesia and lead to nutritional disorder, especially in the school-aged children. AIM: This research conducted to find the association of intestinal parasitic infection to the nutritional status of the children. METHODS: This was a cross sectional study, conducted in January 2016 in one primary school in South Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia, by collecting the children’s stool from 1st to 5th grade. Direct examination of the stool was conducted in the Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, by Lugol and eosin staining. Nutritional status categorized using BMI chart. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test, Statistical Product, and Service Solutions version 20. RESULTS: From the total 157 stool examined in the laboratory, there were 60 (38.2%) children positively infected with various kinds of intestinal parasites. Mostly the infection is caused by Blastocystis hominis, which infects 44 children (69.4%). The other infection is caused by Giardia lamblia (15.3%), Trichuris trichiura (1.4%), and hookworm (1.4%), and mixed infection of B. hominis and Escherichia coli (4.2%) and B. hominis with G. lamblia (4.2%). From the total of infected children, 17 children (28.3%) have BMI below 5th percentile, and it was considered as malnourished. Moreover, 67 uninfected children have normal nutritional status. Statistically, there is an association between intestinal parasitic infection and nutritional status in school-aged children in South Jakarta (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The incidence of intestinal parasitic infection in school-aged children is 38.2%. Moreover, 28.3% of the infected children were malnourished and it is suggested that children with intestinal parasite infection have low nutritional status.

scholarly journals Study on Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Muslim community of Janakpurdham, Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khushbu Yadav ◽  
Satyam Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Stool Samples

Background and Objectives: Intestinal parasitic infection is an important public health problem in Nepal because of its high morbidity and mortality. The distribution and prevalence of the various intestinal parasites species depend on social, geographical, economical and inhabitant customs. Therefore, the present study was designed to determine the burden of intestinal parasitic infections and its relation with sanitary practices and socio-demographic characteristics in Muslim community of Janakpurdham, Nepal.Material and Methods: A total of 161 stool samples were collected in dry, clean and screw capped plastic container and were preserved with 10% formalin. The stool samples were examined by direct microscopy and confirmed by concentration methods. Modified Ziehl Neelsen (ZN) staining was performed for the detection of coccidian parasites. P- value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: The incidence of intestinal parasitic infection was 63.35% (male = 57.84% vs. female = 42.15%) (p = 0.321). The positive cases of parasitic infection were found to be slightly higher in less than 10 years (35.29%) than others. Hookworm (10%) and G. lamblia (28%) infection was marginally higher than other helminthic and protozoan infection. The highest number of positive cases of parasitic infection was found in those who didn’t wash their hands before meal, defecates stool haphazardly in open area, didn’t wash their hands after toilet, didn’t trim their nail, in larger family, with low income and in housewives which was found to be statistically significant (p = <0.05).Conclusion: The health status was found poor among Nepalese Muslim people. Routine periodic screening of parasitic infection among people, changing behavior, public educations on improved personal and environmental hygiene are the fundamental principle in the control of infection.Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Sciences (2016) Vol. 4 (1): 36-45

scholarly journals Anaemia Association with Intestinal Parasitic Infection in Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laxmi Sapkota ◽  
Mahendra Maharjan
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Multiple Infection ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
College Of Engineering

<p>Anaemia is the common problem during pregnancy in developing countries like Nepal.  A total of 200 stool samples for parasitic infection and their haemoglobin level data were collected from the pregnant women visiting TUTH. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection and anaemic rate among pregnant women was found to be 35% and 50%. Among 100 anaemic pregnant women 58 women were infected with intestinal parasites. The association of anaemia with intestinal parasitic infection was statistically significant (P &gt; 0.05). The most dominant parasite among anaemic pregnant women was <em>A. lumbricoides</em> followed by <em>H. nana</em>. Total five different types of intestinal parasites were identified in this study. Among them <em>A. lumbricoides</em> (30.5%), <em>H. nana</em> 6(3%), <em>E. histolytica</em> 5(2.5%), <em>T. trichiura</em> 2(%) and <em>S. stercoralis</em> 2(1%) respectively. Pregnant women with single parasitic infection were found to be 64(32%) and multiple infection were 6(3%). Intensity of parasitic infection found to be 17(8.8%), 34 (17.0%) and 17 (9.5%) for light, moderate and heavy infection. </p><p><strong>Journal of Advanced College of Engineering and Management</strong>, Vol. 3, 2017, Page: 41-47</p>

scholarly journals Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection and its association with anemia among pregnant women in Wondo Genet district, Southern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelo Bolka ◽  
Samson Gebremedhin
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intestinal Parasite ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intestinal Parasitosis

Abstract Background Previous studies reported contradicting findings about the association between intestinal parasitosis and maternal anemia. In this study we aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection and its association with anemia among pregnant women in Wondo Genet district, Southern Ethiopia. Methods This facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in June and July 2018. Pregnant women (n=352) were randomly drawn from five health centers using antenatal care follow-up lists. Trained data collectors administered the questionnaire. Capillary blood was collected and analyzed for hemoglobin using the HemoCue method. Stool sample was collected following standard procedure and analyzed for the presence and types of intestinal parasites using direct microscopy with Formalin-ether concentration technique. Association between intestinal parasitosis and anemia was measured using multivariable binary logistic regression analysis. The outputs are presented using adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results The overall prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was 38.7% (95% CI: 33.6-43.8%). One-tenth (9.7%) of the pregnant women were infected with polyparasites. Ascaris lumbricoides was the predominant infection encountered in 24.9% of the women. The other infections identified were: hookworms (11.2%), Giardia lamblia (5.4%), Entamoeba histolytica (3.4%), Trichuris trichiura (2.9%) and Schistosoma mansoni (2.3%). The mean (± standard deviation) hemoglobin concentration was 12.3 (±1.9) g/dl and 31.5% (95% CI: 26.6-36.4%) women were anemic (hemoglobin < 11 g/dl). The prevalence of anemia among women infected with intestinal parasite (55.6%) was substantially higher than the prevalence in their counterparts (16.4%) (p<0.001). In a multivariable model adjusted for multiple potential confounders including socio-economic status indicators, the odds of anemia were six times increased (AOR=6.14, 95% CI: 2.04-18.45) among those affected by at least one intestinal parasite. Conclusion Strengthening the existing water, sanitation and hygiene programs and routine deworming of pregnant mothers may help to reduce the burden of both intestinal parasitic infection and anemia in pregnant women.

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