scholarly journals World Peace - Role of UN

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 245-247
Author(s):  
Himanshu Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
International Law ◽  
Nuclear Weapons ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
World Peace ◽  
The World ◽  
Peace And Security

Abstract: When we talk about world peace and issues that are to be addressed then we are talking about all the big and small issues which are directly or even indirectly related to human rights, health, international law, justice, migration, oceans and seas, peace and security, population, refugees, water, gender equality, democracy, climate change, e.t.c. The Purpose of the study is that we have to understand the cause of armed conflicts. We have to develop the ways to prevent the war like situations, genocide, terrorism, e.t.c. Furthermore, we have to develop some systems and societies which can take care of all these. We have to educate ourselves and others to increase the awareness of mutual survival. We have to work on the elimination of all biological, chemical, and nuclear weapons in the world. Furthermore, we have to promote democracy with education because democracy without education is dangerous. The adverse effect of this can be remembered by how the dictatorship of Hitler came to an end in Germany.

Institutions of International Law and the Development of Regional Forum for Peaceful Dialogue in South Asia

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javaid Rehman
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
International Law ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Regional Institutions ◽  
Political Conflicts ◽  
The World ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Substantial Risk

AbstractSince 11 September 2001, international law and the community it governs are at a crossroads. While the world appears to be besieged by terrorist threats from non-state actors such as the Al-Qaeda, there is also a substantial risk of super-power unilateralism and arrogance. Amidst these crises, South-Asia occupies a sensitive and vulnerable position. The region is also beset with ethnic, religious, and domestic political conflicts which provide substantial threats to regional peace and security. Against the backdrop of the enormous complications faced by South Asia, the present article considers the role of international and regional institutions in developing forums for establishing peace and security for the region, as well greater promotion of human rights. A particular focus is upon the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) which, it is contended, is an organisation capable of providing a suitable platform for peaceful dialogue within South-Asia.

Locating Nature: Making and Unmaking International Law: Introduction

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 571-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
KISHAN KHODAY ◽  
VANESSA LAMB ◽  
TYLER MCCREARY ◽  
KARIN MICKELSON ◽  
USHA NATARAJAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Law ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Sustainable Livelihoods ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Environmental Harm ◽  
International Environmental Law ◽  
Behavioural Patterns ◽  
The World

Environmental harm is of increasing concern to peoples and states all over the world, whether in relation to ensuring access to healthy air, water, food, and sustainable livelihoods, or coping with the diversity of challenges posed by changing climates and ecologies. While international lawyers have focused on crafting solutions to environmental problems, less attention is paid to the disciplinary role in fostering harmful and unsustainable behavioural patterns. Environmental issues are usually relegated to the specialized field of international environmental law. This project explores instead the role of nature in the general discipline, arguing that the natural environment is a determinative factor in shaping international law, and that assumptions about nature lie at the heart of disciplinary concepts such as sovereignty, development, economy, property, and human rights.

scholarly journals INTERVENSI KEMANUSIAAN (HUMANITARIAN INTERVENTION) MENURUT HUKUM INTERNASIONAL DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA DALAM KONFLIK BERSENJATA by Emi Eliza, Heryandi Ahmad Syofyan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
Humanitarian Intervention ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Internal Conflict ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
International Treaty ◽  
The United Nations

Humanitarian intervention is an attempt to prevent or stop the gross human rights violations with particular strengths (diplomatic and military) in a State, either with or without the consent of the State (countries with internal conflict). The problems in this journal are: first, how the arrangement of international law on humanitarian intervention. Secondly, the role of the UN in humanitarian intervention in armed conflicts. The method used is a normative legal research methods with the main source of data collection procedures is a legal substance that contains of normative law. The results showed that the rules of international law on humanitarian intervention by the United Nations stipulated in the UN Charter and general principles of international law. Humanitarian intervention legally justified by following provisions in applicable international law, namely Articles 39-51 of UN Charter. While the role of the UN in humanitarian intervention in armed conflicts carried out by the Security Council as the organ of the United Nations in maintaining peace with the decision issued in the form of a resolution for areas experiencing conflict. Therefore, it takes an international treaty that regulates clearly about humanitarian intervention, so that in practice, remain consistent with the objectives and executive organs of humanitarian intervention.

Analisis Penerapan No First Use Policy Dalam Penggunaan Senjata Nuklir: Sebuah Tinjauan Yuridis

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Yunia Utami Indah Haloho ◽  
Xavier Nugraha ◽  
Atiqoh Farhan Maulani
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Nuclear Weapons ◽  
International Security ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
World Peace ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
The World ◽  
The Stability

The preservation of the stability of world peace became one of the wishes of the entire international community. But these expectations seemed to be a sense of concern in the event of a war between countries using nuclear weapons. International law governs the nuclear weapons of international treaties, one of which is the Treaty on Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons in 1968. In addition to providing a guarantee of a sense of security was formed No First Use Policy to ensure the country owners of nuclear weapons are not the first party to use nuclear weapons in the event of a conflict with other countries. The purpose of this research is to learn about the implementation of No First Use Policy on the use of nuclear weapons by the countries that have them and the international security of the world. The method used in the study is normative juridical is supported by data obtained by library research. Regarding the implementation of the No First Use Policy each country with nuclear weapons has different attitudes about it. Whereas No First Use Policy has had a positive impact on the arrangement of the use of nuclear weapons of the world for security and order.

scholarly journals The Shifting Status of Cities in International Law? A Review, Several Questions and a Straight Answer

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-36
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Nesi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
International Law ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Multilateral Negotiations ◽  
The Status ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
Transnational City

Witnessing the sometimes confusing and often nebulous debate on the position of cities in international law, one could wonder what cities are and what they do in contemporary international law. One could also wonder whether allowing cities to actively participate in the formation and implementation of international norms, and to contribute to international multilateral negotiations on issues of global concern such as sustainable development, climate change or human rights, does really imply a change in their status in international law. In this contribution, the reasons why cities are not subjects of international law, or better, why cities and local authorities still matter in international law because they are part of a State, are systematically assessed. Specific attention is paid to the status and role of transnational city networks. Before concluding, this article makes some final comments on the prospects for cities and transnational city networks in international law.

scholarly journals Establishment of the International Criminal Court and the Role of USA: A Legal Appraisal

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 51-69
Author(s):  
Saud Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Criminal Court ◽  
International Criminal ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Criminal Court ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
National Courts ◽  
The World

In order to end global impunity of perpetration of heinous crimes against humanity and gross violation of human rights and to bring individual perpetrators to justice, international community felt the need for a permanent international criminal court.2 As the armed conflicts and serious violations of human rights and humanitarian law continue to victimize millions of people throughout the world, the reasons for an international criminal court became compelling.3 In many conflicts around the world, armies or rebel groups attack ordinary people and commit terrible human rights abuses against them. Often, these crimes are not punished by the national courts. Here the ICC is complementary to national criminal jurisdictions.4 The court only acts in cases where states are unwilling or unable to do so.5 The jurisdiction of the Court is not retrospective and binds only those States that ratify it.6 Unlike the International Court of Justice in The Hague, whose jurisdiction is restricted to states, the ICC has individualized criminal responsibility. However, the role of USA regarding the establishment and continuation of ICC has caused the organization fall in a trouble. The better cooperation of USA and other states could make the organization more active and effective as to its activities. The view of this paper is to analyze the role of USA towards the establishment, continuation and function of the International Criminal Court. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/nujl.v1i0.18525 Northern University Journal of Law Vol.1 2010: 51-69

Inter-regime conversations: What barriers persist for individuals in international law?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Diamond ◽  
Kabir A. N. Duggal
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Law ◽  
Structural Reforms ◽  
International Court Of Justice ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
International Court ◽  
The World ◽  
Treaty Interpretation ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Individuals have long occupied a precarious position within international law. Historically, conceived as the relation between states, international law rarely saw a need to consider individual claims; it was, instead, the role of states to bring claims on behalf of their nationals. As international law has become increasingly fragmented, however, globalization has thrust the individual onto the international legal plane. Within this landscape, we briefly consider individuals’ claims across three separate international regimes: (i) the International Court of Justice, (ii) investment treaties, and (iii) the World Trade Organization. We find that barriers for individuals’ recognition as rights holders persist across each. First, jurisdictional barriers remain fundamentally problematic for recognizing individuals’ claims. Second, the longstanding focus on treaty interpretation techniques has yielded little, if any, demonstrable impact on recognizing individuals’ rights. Third, mere reliance on reflecting human rights values, rather than specific and concrete structural reforms, has proven incompatible with realizing individuals’ rights within these three systems. Individuals qua rights holders have, rather acutely, recently experienced deeply troubling human rights violations on several fronts. Fundamentally, international law must protect human rights. This moment invites us to consider the systems on the international legal plane for individuals to seek such remedy and what barriers must be addressed to further such efforts.

The Role of Regional Organizations in Reducing Organized Rape

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-110
Author(s):  
Amal Annooz ◽  
Qasem Janabi
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
European Convention ◽  
International Peace ◽  
Regional Organizations ◽  
Peace And Security

Abstract Organized rape in armed conflict is one of the most serious violations of human rights, which creates a clear crisis in the identity of the other party and solidifies the sense of bitterness of defeat. Rape in armed conflicts is thus different from that of others, which can have a negative impact on social and international peace and security. Conservative and racially conservative societies are also affected by systematic organized gang rape, which occurs systematically from parties to a non-international armed conflict or within the policy of the aggressor State in the event of an international armed conflict. In contrast to the efforts made by the United Nations to curb organized rape, regional organizations have made little effort in this direction. The role of regional organizations in the framework of Chapter VIII of the UN. Charter in reducing armed conflicts and protecting human rights, and in cooperation of the United Nations and the Security Council in the task of maintaining international peace and security. The European Convention on Human Rights has established a mechanism to monitor the extent to which individuals enjoy their rights and freedoms and the extent to which States parties respect them. The US Convention on Human Rights followed the same approach as the European Convention, but through the regulatory body of the American Commission on Human Rights and the American Court of Human Rights. Although women and children suffered systematic rape as a result of armed conflict on the African continent, the African Charter on Human Rights did not provide the necessary mechanisms to curb crimes of sexual violence, and the Arab Charter on Human Rights did not play a role in the face of organized rape. We therefore considered the adequacy of the provisions of the International Bill and the mechanisms of action of regional organizations in curbing the crimes of sexual violence, organized rape in particular in places of non-international armed conflict, and whether organized rape can be considered a violation of personal liberty and dignity. Or is it a crime against humanity? And other questions that can be raised, which we will try to answer in the context of this research.

scholarly journals The ramification of the Corona pandemic on national security and its effects on countries around the world in the light of the rules of international law

Twejer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 969-1008
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ihsan ◽  
◽  
Zana Rasheed Aziz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
National Security ◽  
International Law ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
The World ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Arab League ◽  
Political Economic

This research aims to discuss the national security measures under international law and the threats to peace and security, now-days which include not only wars and conflicts at the international level but also terrorism, environmental breakdown and infectious diseases, etc. Infectious diseases are non-traditional threats to national security while at the same time they are threatening international peace and security. With the emergence and rapid spread of the (Covid-19), it has become noticeable threat to the international community and has political, economic, and health impacts. Therefore, this research focuses on the effects of the Corona-virus and the role of international and regional organizations in confronting it. It also indicates incompatibility of international co-ordination, especially the major countries in facing this epidemic. Consequently, this led to the failure of the political blocs that formed in the second half of the twentieth century and split some of them, as the European and African Union, the Arab League and other formations in other areas of the world. Key words: coronavirus (COVID-19), National Security, International and Peace Security.

Making Human Rights a Reality

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie M. Hafner-Burton
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Law ◽  
World Population ◽  
International Human Rights Law ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
National Human ◽  
The World ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
National Human Rights Institutions

In the last six decades, one of the most striking developments in international law is the emergence of a massive body of legal norms and procedures aimed at protecting human rights. In many countries, though, there is little relationship between international law and the actual protection of human rights on the ground. This book takes a fresh look at why it's been so hard for international law to have much impact in parts of the world where human rights are most at risk. The book argues that more progress is possible if human rights promoters work strategically with the group of states that have dedicated resources to human rights protection. These human rights “stewards” can focus their resources on places where the tangible benefits to human rights are greatest. Success will require setting priorities as well as engaging local stakeholders such as nongovernmental organizations and national human rights institutions. To date, promoters of international human rights law have relied too heavily on setting universal goals and procedures and not enough on assessing what actually works and setting priorities. This book illustrates how, with a different strategy, human rights stewards can make international law more effective and also safeguard human rights for more of the world population.

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