Efficiency of Property and Forms of Management in Agriculture

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 185-187
Author(s):  
Xurramov Eshmamat Xudoyberdiyevich
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Joint Ventures ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Private Enterprises ◽  
Property Relations ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Mixed Property ◽  
Joint Property

Annotation: This article discusses the need to establish different types of ownership in agriculture in a market economy, the content of forms of entrepreneurship and property relations in agriculture, the objective need for the establishment of dehkan farms in the formation of private property in the sector, joint ventures in agriculture. Keywords: property, property reforms, public, private, private, state and mixed property, forms of entrepreneurship, private and private enterprises, joint ventures, dehkan and farm enterprises, joint property, cooperatives (companies), multi-sectoral economy.

Legitimation of Private Property in the Means of Production in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-87
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Reznik ◽  
Oleksandr Reznik
Keyword(s):  
Private Property ◽  
Psychological Adaptation ◽  
Social Recognition ◽  
Private Enterprises ◽  
Private Land ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Basic Hypothesis ◽  
Ideological Attitudes ◽  
Means Of Production

This article explores the sources of legitimacy of private property in the means of production in Ukraine. The conceptualization of legitimacy of private property was made by analyzing theoretical approaches to the study of the foundations of private property relations in Western countries. The application of these approaches tests economic utilitarian, psychological, and sociocultural explanations of legitimacy of large and small private enterprises and private land in the process of activation of post-communist transition of Ukrainian society. The basic hypothesis was that the process of legitimation of private property in the means of production proceeds by uniting utilitarian and psychological adaptation with sociocultural agreement of ideological attitudes. This hypothesis was verified with the help of created legitimacy indices by comparison of linear regressions and data of the Institute of Sociology of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) of Ukraine for 2013 and 2017. The results indicate that the hypothesis has been held true only concerning legitimacy of small private enterprises. They have acquired a moderate extent of legitimacy owing to the fact that besides the factors of adaptation, social recognition has increased at the expense of people who support the multiparty system and the liberal and mixed methods of regulation of the economy. In contrast, the existence of large private enterprises and private land has not acquired the corresponding sociocultural foundation.

THE IMPACT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROPERTY RELATIONS ON THE INSTITUTIONS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vugar Nazarov ◽  
◽  
Jamal Hajiyev ◽  
Vasif Ahadov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Scale Transformation ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Property Relations ◽  
Property System ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Local and foreign scientists are now paying growing attention to various issues of property and the philosophical and ethical, political, economic, institutional, social, psychological, and other aspects of its formation, taking into account the requirements of large-scale transformation, which primarily concern post-industrial areas of social development. In consequence, as modern studies rightfully point out, considering property relations, two general restrictions should be taken into account: this is an attempt to explain the absoluteness of their roles, the presence and content of all aspects of socio-economic relations by property relations; and the denial of the role of property as one of the most important factors determining the direction of social development in the present and future.This situation forces a new look at the economic policy of the state in this area, because any financial and monetary measures taken by the government will be doomed to failure if their implementation will be without interaction with the mechanisms of the private property system. The article defines the entrepreneurial sector of the region, its interaction with the institutions of the market system operating in all sectors and spheres of the region's economy, and also shows the influence of the development of property relations on the institutions of entrepreneurship.

Collective bargaining, minimum wages and public procurement in Germany: Regulatory adjustments to the neoliberal drift of a coordinated market economy

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 669-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Detlef Sack ◽  
EK Sarter
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Federal States ◽  
Electoral Support ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Lower Wage ◽  
Empirical Foundation

This article analyses different types of labour clauses in public procurement regulation that have been enacted in Germany, a coordinated market economy that has experienced a ‘neoliberal drift’ including the decline of the traditional governance of labour and contracting out. Based on an analysis of relevant regulations adopted by the 16 Germany federal states, the article corroborates insights into the prominent role of left parties advocating for labour clauses in public procurement on a much broader empirical foundation than previous research. It adds to scholarly knowledge by revealing that the relative comparative advantage of regions with lower wage levels inhibits labour clauses in federal political systems. It finds that centre-right parties are willing to stipulate certain labour clauses in order to protect small-and medium-sized enterprises, which are core parts of their electoral support base.

scholarly journals El monopolio de las ideas: Contra la Propiedad Intelectual

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-104
Author(s):  
Albert Esplugas
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Public Good ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Free Riding ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Private Property Rights ◽  
Original Meaning ◽  
Palabras Clave

This paper presents a critique of intellectual property from an ethical and economical point of view. Once patents and copyrights are characterized as a monopolies of ideas, it is argued that intellectual pro-perty violates private property rights in its original meaning and it is not based in real scarcity but creates artificial scarcity instead. In addition, the paper challenges intellectual property as an incentive to innovation and studies the several costs of this kind of regulation. Eventually, diffe-rent market alternatives to tackle the free-riding problem are explored. Key words: intelectual property, patents, copyrights, private property, scar-city, public good, innovation incentives, market economy. Clasificación JEL: O310, O320, O340, H410. Resumen: En este trabajo se presenta una crítica a la propiedad intelec-tual desde una perspectiva ética y económica. Tras caracterizar las paten-tes y los copyrights como monopolios sobre ideas, se arguye que la pro-piedad intelectual viola el derecho de propiedad privada en su sentido tradicional y crea una escasez artificial en lugar de fundarse sobre la esca-sez. Se cuestiona, asimismo, que la propiedad intelectual suponga un incen-tivo a la creación, estudiando los distintos costes de una regulación de este tipo. Por último se mencionan varias alternativas de mercado para hacer frente a los problemas de free-riding. Palabras clave: propiedad intelectual, patentes, copyrights, propiedad privada, escasez, bien público, incentivos a la innovación, mercado.

scholarly journals Property Out of Conflict: A Survey and Some New Results

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cubel ◽  
Santiago Sanchez-Pages
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Returns To Scale ◽  
New Model ◽  
Theoretical Literature ◽  
Common Ownership ◽  
Pareto Efficient ◽  
Joint Property ◽  
Production Resource ◽  
Sole Owner

Property rights often emerge from adversarial interactions in which agents make claims and defend them from the appropriation efforts of others. In this paper, we first offer a survey of the theoretical literature on this issue. We systematize the existing models by classifying them into two families and show that they can explain the emergence of classic types or property rights. We then explore a new model where agents can become the sole owner of a commonly owned production resource through an exclusion contest. We show that if overexploitation under joint property is severe enough relative to the returns to scale of conflict activities, private property emerges out of conflict. Inequality makes common ownership less likely to emerge. Finally, we characterize the set of common ownership regimes which are Pareto efficient and immune to conflict. Results show that proportionality to labour inputs in output sharing makes common ownership more resilient to conflict when inequality is higher.

scholarly journals Preferred forms of market economy among social classes in Serbia analysis of WVS/EVS data 1996-2008

Sociologija ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 614-634
Author(s):  
Gorana Djoric
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Social Market Economy ◽  
Socialist Economy ◽  
Market Socialism ◽  
Liberal Market Economy

Paper analyses preferred forms of market economy among classes in Serbia, based on the extent to which their members accept different characteristics of market economy. It contributes to the analysis of value orientations of classes in Serbia, though in somewhat different interpretative framework, on different data and with different specification of market economy characteristics. Rejection of liberal market economy is interpreted as possible preference for a different form of market economy, not necessarily as acceptance of redistributive statism, characterizing socialist economy. Analysis is conducted on the level of attitudes, in order to capture the influence of changeable situational factors, in addition to influence of deeper and stable value dispositions. Preferences for particular forms of market economy and their change is analysed on WVS/EVS data, from 1996. to 2008. By the means of factor analysis two dimensions are extracted determining the extent of acceptance of competition and private property, on the one side, and of individual responsibility for ones wellbeing and resulting inequality of income (without state redistribution), on the other. The two dimensions define the space within which classes position themselves regarding their preferences for liberal market economy, social market economy, market socialism and overall rejection of market economy. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. 179074: Tradicija, modernizacija i nacionalni identitet u Srbiji i na Balkanu u procesu evropskih integracija]

The Meanings of Property

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Pravilova
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Property Relations ◽  
Public Property ◽  
History Of ◽  
Private Domain

This chapter traces the history of property relations in Russia. It examines how Russian rulers came to respect private property as a bulwark of autocracy and what this respect meant for property in the context of Russian monarchal rule. Topics covered include the reign of Catherine the Great and the invention of absolute private domain; the issue of expropriation; the scope and the legal status of state possessions; and initial attempts to introduce the notion of “public property,” which focused on Russia's natural treasures, such as the forests granted by Catherine the Great into the unlimited ownership of the nobles.

Varieties of Order in a New Market Context

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regine A. Spector
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Organizational Forms ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
State Collapse ◽  
Market Interactions ◽  
Property Relations

This chapter asks how we can best study the economic dynamism of Kyrgyzstan’s bazaars, which are crucial pillars of the country’s economy. In contrast to perspectives that view them through the lens of neoliberal economic policies, state collapse and socioeconomic dispossession, or mafia rule, the chapter offers an alternative. It argues that within the context of new private property relations that distinguish traders, bazaar owners, and state officials, those who work at bazaars adapt pre-existing institutions and organizational forms to govern the bazaar, and in this way create islands of order that allow market interactions to flourish. The chapter discusses the book’s methodology and implications for literatures on ideas, institutions, and syncretism, and for studies of political economy and development.

Types of cooperation and networks

2019 ◽  
pp. 101-122
Author(s):  
John Child ◽  
David Faulkner ◽  
Stephen Tallman ◽  
Linda Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Joint Ventures ◽  
Strategic Alliance ◽  
International Expansion ◽  
Expansion Joint ◽  
Alliances And Joint Ventures ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Supplier Contracts ◽  
The Many ◽  
Different Levels

Chapter 5 reviews the traditional forms of strategic alliance and network. It shows that there are many different types, ranging from supplier contracts to equity joint ventures, and all have different levels of interaction and independence. Networks are another well-established form of cooperation; these can embrace several, sometimes many, firms and other partners. This chapter discusses dominated, equal partner, and coordinated networks. This chapter also describes a variety of taxonomies proposed for classifying alliances. It notes that Yoshino and Rangan (1995) and Dussauge and Garrette (1999) have perhaps the most attractive typologies of alliance forms among the many on offer. Yoshino and Rangan categorize alliances into non-traditional contracts, equity alliances, and joint ventures. Dussauge and Garrette identify international expansion joint ventures, vertical partnerships, diversification alliances, complementary alliances, shared supply alliances, and quasi-concentration alliances. The chapter concludes with some suggestions as to which forms may be most appropriate for which situations.

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