Ergonomic and Psychological Bases of Operational Safety

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 788-790
Author(s):  
Yoqubjanova Yoqutxon
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Operational Safety ◽  
High Level

Abstract: Depending on the working conditions, jobs are divided into different groups. Of these, special attention should be paid to high-risk and harmful conditions. High-risk work includes work that can result in a high level of injury, trauma, and accidents to the worker during work. Keywords: technical, sanitary, harmful work, harmful factors

Psychosocial working conditions and obesity research in high risk occupations and populations

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
BongKyoo Choi ◽  
Marnie Dobson ◽  
Hyoung Ryoul Kim ◽  
Nicole Champagne ◽  
Horacio Tovalin Ahumada
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Psychosocial Working Conditions ◽  
Obesity Research

Influence of negative aff ectivity, social suppression and anxiety on motivation for health and a healthy lifestyle in coal industry workers

2020 ◽  
pp. 354-358
Author(s):  
I. P. Danilov ◽  
N. I. Vlakh ◽  
V. I. Gugushvili ◽  
N. Ya. Paneva ◽  
T. D. Logunova
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Type D ◽  
Situational Anxiety ◽  
Personal Anxiety ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Of Motivation ◽  
Social Suppression

Introduction. A healthy lifestyle is one of the most eff ective methods of preserving health and preventing non-infectious diseases. The mechanisms and factors that infl uence the formation of motivation for health and a healthy lifestyle in employees engaged in harmful working conditions have not been suffi ciently studied. The study of these mechanisms will allow us to more eff ectively shape health-saving behavior.The aim of the study is to study negative aff ectivity, social suppression and anxiety in the formation of motivation to maintain health and a healthy lifestyle in coal industry workers.Materials and methods. A survey was conducted of 75 employees of mines and sections in the South of Kuzbass with an established diagnosis of occupational diseases, as well as 54 people who do not work in harmful working conditions (engineering and technical workers). Surveys were conducted using the method “Index of motivation to health and a healthy lifestyle”, the presence of personality type D was conducted using the DS14 questionnaire, the level of personal and situational anxiety was assessed using the Spielberger — Hanin questionnaire.Results. Th e level of motivation for health and a healthy lifestyle among patients with occupational diseases is signifi cantly lower than the level of motivation for the health of engineering and technical workers. Th e infl uence of negative reaction and social suppression on the level of motivation for health and a healthy lifestyle was not found. Th e level of situational anxiety also has no eff ect on health motivation. A higher level of personal anxiety among people with a high level of motivation for a healthy lifestyle was determined.Conclusions. Personal anxiety aff ects the level of motivation for health and a healthy lifestyle in people with occupational diseases. 

Assessment of professional risk of health of workers of the enterprise for repair of railway carriage

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
O. Klepikov ◽  
A. Boreyko ◽  
G. Kurenkova
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Light Level ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
High Level

The aim of the study was to assess the professional risk of developing diseases in workers of the railway car repair enterprise. The Voronezh Car Repair Plant, a branch of Vagonremmash Joint-Stock Company, was chosen as the object of study. Methods: «The methodology for calculating individual occupational risk depending on the working conditions and the health status of the employee», developed by the Klin Institute for Protection and Working Conditions in conjunction with the Research Institute of Occupational Medicine (2013), the main professions; cohort study with the calculation of the relative risk of morbidity with temporary disability, the odds ratio, the etiological share of factors in the formation of morbidity (group size: 250 people, experimental group — workers of the main specialties, 95 people — comparison group). Results. According to the research results, the priority factors of occupational health risk include: chemical, noise, heating microclimate, low light level. For certain professions, the share of the contribution of priority factors to the risk profile (PV) reaches 40 %. The indicator of individual occupational risk is 0.12 to 0.26 units. The high level of professional risk (0.22 ÷ 0.26) is characterized by the working conditions of the mechanics for the repair of rolling stock, machine tools (woodworking), casters (metal), thermists, plastic casters. In professional groups with medium and high risk, the indicator of the relative risk of morbidity with temporary disability is higher than 1 (RR = 1.75 and 1.39, respectively), and the etiological share of production factors in the formation of diseases is from 27.95 (subgroup with secondary professional risk) up to 42.88 % (a subgroup with high professional risk), which indicates the professional condition of the disease. Discussion. In general, our data are consistent with the results of similar studies conducted earlier at the car building and car repair enterprises. In order to ensure hygienically safe working conditions and preserve the health of workers, it is necessary to reduce the level of exposure to production factors, including through the introduction of modern equipment and improvement of technological processes.

scholarly journals Driving and visual deficits in stroke patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Marcondes Braga ◽  
Renato Nickel ◽  
Marcos Lange ◽  
Élcio Juliato Piovesan
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Visual Attention ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Interference Factor ◽  
Visual Deficits ◽  
Useful Field Of View ◽  
High Level ◽  
Safe Performance ◽  
Intention Group

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of the present study was to conduct an exploratory assessment of visual impairment following stroke, and to discuss the possibilities of reintroducing patients to the activity of driving. Methods: The Useful Field of View test was used to assess visual processing and visual attention. Results: A total of 18 patients were included in the study, and were assigned to either the drive group (n = 9) or the intention group (n = 9). In the drive group, one patient was categorized as moderate-to-high risk; whereas, in the intention group, one patient was categorized as low-to-moderate risk. Additionally, two patients in the intention group were categorized as high risk. The patients did not perceive their visual deficits as a limitation. Conclusion: Visual attention is an interference factor in terms of the safe performance of driving after a stroke. All patients showed a high level of interest for the independence provided through being able to drive.

scholarly journals High Risk of Suicide in Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Zucca ◽  
Elisa Rubino ◽  
Alessandro Vacca ◽  
Flora Govone ◽  
Annalisa Gai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
High Level ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Aim: The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempts in patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), evaluating possible risk factors for suicidality. Methods: Risk of suicide was assessed using the Scale for Suicide Ideation (SSI) in 35 patients with bvFTD and 25 controls. Results: According to SSI, 40% of patients with bvFTD had suicidal ideation in comparison to 8% of controls ( P = .009). Four patients with bvFTD have attempted suicide versus none control ( P = .006). Patients with bvFTD with suicide risk showed higher levels of anxiety, depression, stress, and hopelessness than patients without suicide risk ( P < .001). Patients who attempted suicide were younger and had a longer disease duration than those with only suicide ideation. Intriguingly, 40% of patients with parkinsonism presented high level of suicide ideation. Conclusions: Our findings show that patients with bvFTD have a high risk of suicide. Additional studies in larger populations are needed to confirm our results.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of pregnansy and childbirth in patients with a burdened gynecological anamnesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
T. P. Andriichuk ◽  
A. Ya. Senchuk ◽  
V. I. Chermak
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Careful Monitoring ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Adaptive Reactions

The objective: to study the features of pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum period, fetal status and newborns in patients with a history of chronic salpingo-оophoritis.Materials and methods. Conducted a retrospective study of 150 birth histories and neonatal development maps. All patients were divided into two groups. The main group includes 100 patients with chronic salpingo-оophoritis, for which they received anti-inflammatory treatment from 1 to 3 times before pregnancy. The control group included 50 pregnant women who did not suffer from chronic salpingo-оophoritis.Results. Our analysis of pregnancy, childbirth, fetal and neonatal status in women with chronic salpingo-оophoritis indicates that such patients have a complicated obstetric and gynecological and somatic history, which forms an unfavorable basic condition of organs and systems, imperfect adaptation to pregnancy, high risk of failure of adaptive reactions. The result is a violation of the formation and development of the mother-placenta-fetus system and, as a consequence, a high level of complications during pregnancy, childbirth and perinatal pathology.Conclusion. Patients suffering from chronic salpingo-oophoritis should be considered at high risk of possible complications during pregnancy and childbirth. This category of women needs quality preconception training and careful monitoring during pregnancy.

scholarly journals RISK ASSESSMENT OF HEALTH DISORDERS IN EMPLOYEES AT THE MACHINERY ENTERPRISE

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-79
Author(s):  
Lyubov A. Balabanova ◽  
S. K. Kamaev ◽  
A. A. Imamov ◽  
O. R. Radchenko
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Occupational Factors ◽  
Building Enterprise ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Occupational Contact ◽  
Male Workers

Introduction. Adverse effects of environmental factors can cause dysfunction of organs and systems, hormonal dysfunction, genetic disorders, which can adversely affect the health of future generations. The aim is to study occupational risk factors and assess their impact on the health of male workers of machine-building enterprises, to develop preventive measures. Material and methods. The working conditions of 318 male workers of the main professions of the machine-building enterprise (miller, locksmith, electric and gas welder, turner, caster, etc.), having occupational contact with harmful occupational factors, were studied in comparison with 148 employees of the control group. Epidemiological, socio-hygienic, statistical and risk calculation methods were used. Results. 68.2% of respondents were found to have occupational contact with cutting fluid, 24.3% contact with chemicals, 14.4% - with heavy metals, 66.2% of respondents work in conditions of noise exposure, 40.1% - local vibration, 22.3% - in conditions of hypothermia, 14.4% - in conditions of overheating. Excess of maximum permissible concentrations of benzo(a)pyrene, aerosols of mineral oils, epichlorohydrin was detected in the air of the working zone. At workplaces, there were excess levels of noise, general vibration, thermal radiation. The impact of harmful occupational factors in the workplace was established to create a high risk to the health of workers. Conclusion. Working conditions of workers of the machine-building enterprise are mainly estimated as harmful. Critical organs and systems for the development of occupational pathology were identified, the high carcinogenic risk from exposure to benzo(a)pyrene was revealed. Employees of the machine-building enterprise were shown to have a high risk of oncology, respiratory diseases, central nervous system diseases, pathology in offspring. As a result, risk groups were formed and targeted preventive measures were proposed, including monitoring of the health status of high-risk groups, occupational selection, and medical examinations.

scholarly journals Maintenance of Labor Resources as Fundamentals of Sustainable Manufacturing Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 432
Author(s):  
Karyna Danova ◽  
Viktoriia Malysheva ◽  
Volodymyr Rosokha ◽  
Irina Glushenkova ◽  
Nataliia Popovych
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Sustainable Manufacturing ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Labor Resources ◽  
High Level ◽  
Additional Labor ◽  
Working Processes

It is impossible to ensure sustainable business development without solving the maintenance of labor resources issues that are included in the manufacturing process, as well as involving new employees to increase labor potential. The company can effectively confront the new challenges by attracting highly qualified employees for whom a high level of safety is important. Therefore, an important direction of sustainable business development is to increase the level of safety and create a comfortable working environment and optimize working processes to increase the efficiency of production activities, as well as prepare for the challenges that may arise in the process of company development. The article analyzes the statistics and structure of the socio-economic damage to business due to unsatisfactory working conditions and a high level of injuries on the example of the machine-building sector, and also considers aspects of maintenance of labor resources and ways to involve additional labor resources to ensure sustainable manufacturing development. Based on conducted analysis, an algorithm of implementation of managerial decisions was developed, aimed at ensuring the safety of personnel who carry out the work activities at the workplace, taking into account the modern concept of the “green workplace”. Involvement in the working process of additional labor reserves is carried out by creating favorable working conditions, assessing the special needs and level of ability of workers for optimization of working processes and increasing their efficiency. Keywords: Labor Resources, Sustainable Development, Safety, Disability.

scholarly journals Quantifying the risks of TB infection to cattle posed by badger excreta

1999 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. HUTCHINGS ◽  
S. HARRIS
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Disease Prevalence ◽  
Deterministic Approach ◽  
Main Route ◽  
South West ◽  
Route Of Transmission ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
High Level ◽  
South West England

Despite strong circumstantial evidence to suggest that the main route of TB transmission from badgers to cattle is via contaminated badger excreta, it is unclear whether the associated risks are high enough to account for the prevalence of the disease in south-west England. To decide whether this was a viable route of transmission, cattle contact with badger excreta was investigated using a deterministic approach to quantify the risks to cattle posed by badger excreta. Levels of investigative and grazing contacts between cattle and badger urine and faeces could each account for the disease prevalence in south-west England. An infection probability of 3·7×10−4 per bite from pasture contaminated with badger urine infected with Mycobacterium bovis could account for the prevalence of TB in cattle in south-west England. Infection probabilities of 6·9×10−7 per investigation and 1·1×10−7 per bite from badger latrines could each account for the prevalence of TB in cattle in the south-west. When considering only the high risk areas of south-west England these bounds fell by a factor of eight. However, badger excreta may still constitute a high level of risk to cattle. The levels of cattle contact with badger excreta are far higher than previously thought, suggesting that it is the probability of infection per given contact with infected badger excreta which has the greater influence on the probability of transmission and not the level of contact. The infection probability per cattle contact with infected badger excreta is in all likelihood extremely low.

scholarly journals Identifying Schools With High Usage and High Loss of Newly Qualified Teachers

2018 ◽  
Vol 243 ◽  
pp. R27-R36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Sims ◽  
Rebecca Allen
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
Health Statistics ◽  
Teacher Shortages ◽  
High Loss ◽  
Qualified Teachers ◽  
High Level ◽  
Flow Of Information ◽  
Policy Solutions ◽  
Newly Qualified Teachers

In England, teacher shortages have worsened in recent years and one contributor is the declining rates of retention among newly qualified teachers (NQTs). We employ a method developed in the health-statistics literature to identify schools that both recruit an unusually high level of NQTs and lose an unusually high level of NQTs from the profession. We show that this small group of schools, which are likely characterised by poor working conditions, are responsible for a disproportionately large amount of attrition from the teaching profession. This has a material effect on overall teacher shortages and comes at a high cost to taxpayers. Policy solutions, including improving the flow of information to NQTs to help them avoid such schools, are discussed

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