Developing a Bullying Scale for Use with University Students

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 81S-92S ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazan Doğruer ◽  
Hüseyin Yaratan
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
University Students ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Bullying Behaviors ◽  
Reliable Scale

Bullying is not a new topic to be researched but the consequences of bullying for university students is an area yet to be studied. Thus, in this study our aim was to develop a bullying scale for use with university students. In order to do this we categorized their bullying behaviors as physical, verbal, emotional, and cyber; and their bullying status as bully, victim, bully-victim, and bystander. The survey we developed to validate our scale was completed by volunteer participants individually. Exploratory factor analysis was done to determine construct validity of the scale. The internal consistency values were calculated for reliability. The resultant values showed that the developed scale can be accepted as a valid and reliable scale to be used for measuring both bully and victim behaviors among young adults studying at tertiary level.

Understanding Perception of Weight Stigma: Development and Validation of Perceived Weight Stigmatization Scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 869-897
Author(s):  
Atiqa Rafeh ◽  
Rubina Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
University Students ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Weight Stigma ◽  
Principal Component Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Perceived Weight ◽  
Weight Stigmatization

The present study was intended to develop a scale to measure perceived weight stigmatization among people with obesity. The study was conducted in five steps. In first step, three focus group discussions were conducted with female obese university students to get the first-hand information related to weight stigmatization. Step two involved four interviews which were conducted with male obese university students to collect detailed information about weight stigmatization experiences of men. Step three included content analysis of qualitative data for item generation. In step four, judge’s opinion was taken, and a committee approach was carried out to select the items for the initial form of the scale. Items for final form of the scale were selected through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis in step five. For exploratory factor analysis, 150 university students (men = 61, women = 89) were included in the sample, whereas, for confirmatory factor analysis, another group of students (men = 78, women = 72) participated in the study. Principal Component Factor Analysis revealed three meaningful structures including Self-Perception, Perceived Social Rejection, and Perceived Impact containing 43 items. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed this factor structure and all 43 items possessed factor loadings greater than .40. Moreover, results indicated that perceived weight stigmatization had high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = .96) with three subscales having internal consistency .95, .83, and .92 respectively. Therefore, Perceived Weight Stigmatization Scale turned out to be a reliable and valid instrument for measuring perception of weight stigma in adults with obesity.

scholarly journals The Attitude Scale Towards Flirting Violence

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erva Fatma Tayanc ◽  
Merve Sarıer ◽  
Harun Kamanlı ◽  
Cansu Uysal
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
University Students ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Alpha Coefficient ◽  
Cronbach Alpha ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Reliable Scale

The aim of this study was to develop an attitude scale towards flirting violence for university students who study at TED University. 232 university students aged 18-25 in Ankara participated in this study. University Students’ Attitudes Scale Towards Flirting Violence (ASTFV)” is a 5 item Likert type scale. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis was used for validity and the results of the factor analysis indicated that the scale explains 62,798 % of the total variance. For reliability Cronbach Alpha coefficient was 0.938. Findings indicated that the ASTFV was a valid and reliable scale.

scholarly journals Propiedades psicométricas de la escala “International Fitness Scale” en adolescentes chilenos (Psychometric properties of the “International Fitness Scale” in Chilean youth)

Retos ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Pedro Rufino Olivares ◽  
Javier Garcia Rubio ◽  
Eugenio Merellano-Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Reliability Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Fitness Assessment

Recientemente se ha desarrollado un instrumento que permite evaluar de forma indirecta la condición física, el International Fitness Scale. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de validez y fiabilidad de la escala de condición física International Fitness Scale en una muestra de adolescentes chilenos. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 1000 jóvenes desde los 12 hasta los 18 años (48.8% mujeres) para el análisis de validez del instrumento. Una sub-muestra de 89 participantes (37.8% mujeres) se utilizó para los análisis de fiabilidad. La consistencia del instrumento se analizó mediante el coeficiente α de Cronbach, la validez de constructo a través del análisis factorial, la validez convergente mediante el método de grupos conocidos y la fiabilidad mediante el coeficiente Kappa ponderado. Los resultados mostraron la robustez de la escala utilizada, su validez y una moderada fiabilidad en esta población. El cuestionario International Fitness Scale es válido y fiable para su uso en población adolescente chilena, economizando los gastos en tiempo, material y personal para la medición de la condición física en jóvenes chilenos.Abstract. In recent years, an instrument, known as the International Fitness Scale, was developed in order to indirectly assess physical fitness. The aim of the present study was to analyze the psychometric properties of validity and reliability of the International Fitness Scale in a sample of Chilean adolescents. The sample selected for assessing the instrument’s validity was composed by 1,000 adolescents aged 12 to 18 (48.8% girls). With regard to reliability analysis, a sub-sample of 89 participants (37.8% girls) was employed. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach´s alpha. Exploratory factor analysis was carried out in order to measure the construct validity, while convergent validity was assessed applying the known groups method. Results showed that the scale is consistent and valid, presenting moderate reliability. The International Fitness Scale has been proved to be a valid and reliable tool for fitness assessment in Chilean adolescents. This instrument could help economizing equipment, time and personnel in the assessment of Physical Fitness in Chilean youth.

scholarly journals 545 - Exploratory factor analysis of the Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale.

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. 87-88
Author(s):  
J. Antonio Garcia-Casal ◽  
Natacha Coelho de Cunha Guimarães ◽  
Sofía Díaz Mosquera ◽  
María Alvarez Ariza ◽  
Raimundo Mateos Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Assessment Scale ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Bartlett’S Test

Background:Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) is a brief cognitive test, appropriate for people with minimum completed level of education and sensitive to multicultural contexts. It could be a good instrument for cognitive impairment (CI) screening in Primary Health Care (PHC). It comprises the following areas: recent memory, body orientation, praxis, executive functions and language.Research Objective:The objective of this study is to assess the construct validity of RUDAS analysing its internal consistency and factorial structure.Method:Internal consistency will be calculated using ordinal Cronbach’s α, which reflects the average inter-item correlation score and, as such, will increase when correlations between the items increase. Exploratory Factor Analysis will be used to arrange the variables in domains using principal components extraction. The factorial analysis will include the extraction of five factors reflecting the neuropsychological areas assessed by the test. The result will be rotated under Varimax procedure to ease interpretation.Exploratory factor analysis will be used to arrange the variables in domains using principal components extraction. The analysis will include Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin measure of sampling adequacy and Bartlett’s test of sphericity. Estimations will be based based on Pearson’s correlations between indicators using a principal component analysis and later replicated with a tetrachoric correlation matrix. The variance in the tetrachoric model will be analysed to indentify convergent iterations and their explicative power.Preliminary results of the ongoing study:RUDAS is being administered to 321 participants older than 65 years, from seven PHC physicians’ consultations in O Grove Health Center. The data collection will be finished by August 2021 and in this poster we will present the final results of the exploratory factor analysis.Conclusions:We expect that the results of the exploratory factor analysis will replicate the results of previous studies of construct validity of the test in which explanatory factor weights were between 0.57 and 0.82, and all were above 40%. Confirming that RUDAS has a strong factor construct with high factor weights and variance ratio, and 6-item model is appropriate for measurement will support its recommendation as a valid screening instrument for PHC.

scholarly journals Reliability and Validity of Household Disaster Preparedness Index (HDPI)

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Acceptable Range ◽  
Household Preparedness

Introduction: The preparedness of families for the disasters can set auspicious grounds for the preparedness of the whole society. In Iran health system, Household Disaster Preparedness Index (HDPI) that is composed of 15 items is applied for assessing the household preparedness in disasters. This study was conducted to investigate the reliability and validity of this index. Methods: In order to investigate the HDPI reliability, we two methods, namely internal consistency and stability determination, are. In order to investigate HDPI validity, we examined the face validity, content validity and construct validity. To do so, besides interviewing with the experts and family heads, 200 families were selected based on multistage cluster sampling method from amongst a study population that included the families in all the counties in Isfahan Province. Use has been made in content validity investigation of both qualitative and quantitative methods; and, in investigating the construct validity, exploratory factor analysis was the method of choice. Results: The amount of HDPI internal consistency was calculated 0.786 which is in an acceptable range. HDPI stability, as well, was computed 0.98 using the test-retest method which is also in an optimal level. Therefore, it can be stated that HDPI enjoys the required reliability. Investigation of HDPI face validity indicated that the families have problems in perceiving some of the items of this index. The experts presented suggestions for improving the HDPI content validity following the qualitative investigation of the content validity. In the investigation of the content validity ratio (CVR), all the items, except the ones numbered 1, 3 and 4 were in an acceptable range; however, the investigation of the content validity index (CVI) indicated that only the validity of the items numbered 12 and 13 was acceptable in terms of all the three scales of relevancy, clarity and simplicity. To determine the construct validity, we used exploratory factor analysis to extract five factors (subscales), namely reduction of vulnerability, planning for disasters, family empowerment, procurement of resources for disasters and specialized programs. The internal consistency of these subscales indicated that only the internal consistencies of the first and the second factors were in an acceptable range. Conclusion: The present study revealed that although HDPI was a reliable measure, it did not enjoy the required validity for assessing the household preparedness in disasters.

scholarly journals The Adaptation of the Moral Integrity Scale into Turkish and Analysis of the Psychometric Features

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-340
Author(s):  
Nesrullah Okan ◽  
Halil Eksi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Moral Identity ◽  
Criterion Validity ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Moral Integrity ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

The aim of this study is to adapt the Moral Integrity Scale developed by Sclenker (2008) to Turkish and conduct its psychometric analysis. The scale items were translated into Turkish by five specialists in the first place. After the language structure, culture suitability and understandability of the items were examined by the two experts, the items agreed upon were translated back to their original language by the two translation experts. After the positive evaluations of the experts, the final version of the scale items was decided. During the adaptation process of the study, data were collected from 470 people for exploratory factor analysis; from 248 people for confirmatory factor analysis and from 100 people for criterion validity. In this context, Exploratory Factor Analysis (AFA) was used to test the construct validity of the scale first. As a result of the exploratory factor analysis, it is seen that the moral integrity scale explains 52,127% of the variance as one dimension. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was then performed to test the construct validity of the scale. The one-dimensional and 18-item structure of the Moral Integrity Scale was analyzed with DFA and accepted fit indices were obtained (X2 / sd = 2.745; p <.001; RMSEA = 0.061; S-RMR = 0.051; NFI = 0.929; CFI = 0.954; GFI = 0.915; RFI = 0.919). In order to calculate the scale reliability, the Cronbach Alpha (α) internal consistency coefficients and the difference between the lower and upper scores of 27% were examined. For the Moral Integrity Scale, the internal consistency coefficient Cronbach’s Alpha value was determined as 961. At the same time, the moral identity scale was used for criterion validity and a significant positive relationship was obtained with the two sub-dimensions of this scale. The total score obtained from the scale gives the person’s moral integrity score. According to all these results, it is understood that the Moral Integrity Scale has sufficient validity and reliability values.

The Dance Functional Outcome Survey: Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Validation in Italian (DFOS-IT)

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-162
Author(s):  
Angela Contri ◽  
Giorgio Breda ◽  
Carla Vanti ◽  
Paolo Pillastrini ◽  
Shaw Bronner
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Expert Committee ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Ceiling Effects ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

OBJECTIVE: To translate, culturally adapt, and validate the psychometric characteristics of the Italian version of the Dance Functional Outcome Survey (DFOS-IT) in adult dancers. DESIGN: Clinical measurement study. METHODS: The DFOS-IT was forward translated, reconciled, backward translated, and reviewed by an expert committee to establish optimal correspondence with the original English DFOS. We examined test-retest reliability in 58 dancers within a 10-day period, using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC2,1). In a sample of 265 healthy and injured dancers, the following were examined: 1) construct validity, comparing the DFOS-IT to SF-36 using Pearson correlations; 2) exploratory factor analysis and internal consistency; and 3) sensitivity, by generating receiver operating characteristic curves and determining area under the curve (AUC). In a subgroup of 44 dancers, we determined internal responsiveness across three time-points using repeated measures ANOVA (p<0.05). Injured dancers’ scores were analyzed for floor and ceiling effects. RESULTS: The DFOS-IT demonstrated very high test-retest reliability (ICC=0.98). Single-factor loading in exploratory factor analysis supported unidimensionality of the scale, with high internal consistency (a=0.93). DFOS-IT total, activities of daily living (ADL), and Dance Technique scores had strong construct validity compared with scores on the SF-36 PCS (r=0.71). There was excellent sensitivity, with high AUC values (AUC=0.80). There were significant differences across time for DFOS-IT scores (p<0.001), demonstrating responsiveness to change, and no floor or ceiling effects. CONCLUSION: The DFOS-IT is a valid, reliable, and responsive tool that can be used as an outcome and screening measure for Italian adult ballet and modern dancers following lower extremity or low back injury.

scholarly journals Development and Psychometric Testing of Quality Nursing Care Scale in Public Hospital Settings in Mongolia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basbish Tsogbadrakh ◽  
Wipada Kunaviktikul ◽  
Thitinut Akkadechanunt ◽  
Orn-Anong Wichaikhum ◽  
Khulan Gaalan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Social Desirability ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Societal Norms

Abstract Background: Quality Nursing Care (QNC) is fundamental to the profession of nursing practice. Perception of QNC differ across the globe because of differences in social norms, cultural values and political ambiance and economy. This study aimed to develop a QNC instrument congruent with the Mongolian (QNCS-M) healthcare system and cultural values and societal norms. Methods: We implemented sequential exploratory mixed-method study to develop and assess performance of QNCS-M. First, we focused on developing the components of QNCS-M and their operational definitions. The field testing consisted of assessing the construct validity and internal consistency reliability. Correlation between QNCS-M and the criterion tool, Quality of Nursing Care Questionnaire-Registered Nurse was evaluated. Inter-item correlation was examined by Spearman rank-order correlation. The internal consistency reliability was analyzed using Cronbach’s α. ANCOVA statistical technique was used to discern social desirability and the interaction between scores of each item and MSCDS. Results: The initial version of QNCS-M contained 66 items of which 7 were deleted after content validity assessment. The total-item correlation analysis yielded to exclusion of another 3 items. Additional 12 items were excluded after inter-item correlation. Results from ANCOVA analysis of the remaining 44 items indicated interaction between social desirability and 6 items. These items were excluded. A total of 38 items remained for exploratory factor analysis. Results from exploratory factor analysis yielded eigenvalues > 1.0 for the 9 domains. Three domains contained items fewer than 3. These domains and 2 items were eliminated, yielding to 6 domains with 36-item. Results from internal consistency reliability yielded an overall Cronbach’s α=.92; the coefficient values for the 6 domains ranging between .72 and .85. Results from test-retest reliability yielded an acceptable performance consistency (Cronbach’s α= .93). Conclusion: Improving the quality of healthcare services delivered by nurses is a priority for the Mongolian government. The development of QNCS-M is a major stride in addressing this concern. The final version of QNCS-M which contains 36 items, loaded into 6 domains, was morphed to the specifics of the Mongolian healthcare systems and cultural values and societal norms. QNCS-M demonstrates a high level of content and construct validity with acceptable reliability.

EBEVEYNİN GÜVENLİ İNTERNET SAĞLAMA YETERLİLİĞİ ÖLÇEĞİ (EGİSYÖ): GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 93-97
Author(s):  
Ahmet AKIN ◽  
Rabia SÜME
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cronbach Alpha ◽  
Total Correlation

The concept of providing a safe internet refers to an attempt to prevent and protect against the damages that may come from any possible harmful content, person and entities in the internet environment. Nowadays in the face of increasing internet use, it is important for individuals who have children to provide safe internet use to their children in terms of preventing their children from being psychologically and socially affected negatively. Therefore, it is very important to develop a scale in order to see the competence of parents in providing safe internet. Purpose of this study is to develop Parent's Safe Internet Providing Competency Scale and to examine its validity and reliability. This research was conducted on a total of 422 participants, 289 females and 133 males, aged between 18 and 59. In process of developing this scale, a 23-item pool was created first and then these items were examined in terms of their grammar, intelligibility, and whether they really measure recognition in couple relationships, and a 20-item application form was obtained in the end. Corrected item-total correlation coefficients were calculated for item analysis of scale. Construct validity of scale was examined by exploratory factor analysis and its reliability with Cronbach alpha internal consistency reliability coefficient. Validity and reliability analyzes were made with SPSS 18. As a result of exploratory factor analysis applied for construct validity of scale, a one-dimensional and 20-item measuring tool with an eigenvalue of 11.3 was obtained explaining % 57 of total variance. KMO sample fit coefficient of scale was found to be .96. Factor loads of scale were ranged between .59 and .84. Cronbach alpha internal consistency reliability coefficient was found to be .96. Corrected item-total correlation coefficients of scale range from .55 to .82. These results show that scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool.

scholarly journals The Consideration of Future Consequences Scale Among Malaysian Young Adults: A Psychometric Evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long She ◽  
Lan Ma ◽  
Fatemeh Khoshnavay Fomani
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Consideration Of Future Consequences ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Future Consequences

Background: The consideration of future consequences (CFC) determines the extent to which individuals consider the potential future outcomes of their current behavior. The significance of assessing the CFC scale’s validation in different contexts has been acknowledged by the previous studies. While the majority of the studies have been conducted in western countries, no study has been conducted in Malaysia. The aim of the current study was to validate a Malaysian version of the CFC scale among Malaysian young adults.Methods: The methodological cross-sectional approach was adopted in this study. The study recruited 529 young adults (age range from 25 to 40) who fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the paper survey. Construct validity was assessed using content validity, convergent validity, and discriminant validity. Cronbach’s alpha, McDonald’s omega, and average inter-item correlation (AIC) were used to assess the scale’s internal consistency. Also, composite reliability (CR) and maximal reliability (MaxR) were used to assess the construct reliability. Measurement invariance was tested across gender.Results: The findings of the exploratory factor analysis indicated that the Malaysian version of the CFC scale has a two-factor structure (i.e., CFC-Future and CFC-Immediate) with 10-item explaining 61.682% of the total variance. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported the two-factor structure of the CFC scale with good construct validity. The internal consistency and CR were acceptable. [The Cronbach’s alpha, McDonald’s omega, and CR for CFC-I were 0.901 (CI 95%: 0.881–918), 0.901, and 0.887, respectively. Also, these parameters for CFC-F were 0.867 (CI 95%: 0.838–891), 0.868, and 0.867, respectively].Conclusion: We found acceptable psychometric evidence for the 10-item two-factors CFC scale used in the context of young adults in Malaysia. The validated instrument can be used in future studies to assess young adults’ CFC tendency and CFC-related behavior in Malaysia.

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