Koreans' attitudes toward China and Chinese people: The effect of direct contact experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jang-Han Lee ◽  
Mi-Young Park ◽  
Se-Il Kim
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Cultural Experience ◽  
The Past ◽  
Contact Group ◽  
Experience Questionnaire

Although the number of Chinese immigrants moving to South Korea has increased in the past decade Koreans still hold negative attitudes toward China and the Chinese populace. To discover whether this prejudice can be reduced, we examined the effect of direct contact with Chinese people on Koreans' explicit and implicit attitudes toward China and Chinese people. Participants in our study were 91 Korean university students who were divided into two groups based on their contact experience with people from China. The contact group (n = 43) and the noncontact group (n = 48) both completed a cultural experience questionnaire, the Explicit Attitude Questionnaire, and the Implicit Association Test. According to the results, the contact group displayed more positive explicit and implicit attitudes toward China and Chinese people than did the noncontact group. These findings suggest that it may be possible to improve Koreans' perception of China and relations with Chinese people by increasing direct contact experience between the two communities.

scholarly journals Italian With an Accent: The Case of “Chinese Italian” in Tuscan High Schools

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Calamai ◽  
Fabio Ardolino
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Prejudicial Attitudes

Two experiments test the existence of prejudicial attitudes toward nonnative Italian speech (specifically Chinese-accented Italian) within Tuscany’s high schools, among teachers and student samples. The research explores and integrates different methodologies: explicit inquiry (overt questionnaires) as well as implicit tests (Implicit Association Test protocol). The results outlined the existence of significant implicit negative attitudes toward Chinese-accented Italian and established the discrepancy between explicit and implicit attitudes. The discussion focuses on the sociolinguistic implications of these results, with respect to educational aspects and to future directions for research.

Implicit Association Test: Separating Transsituationally Stable and Variable Components of Attitudes toward Gay Men

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie C. Steffens ◽  
Axel Buchner
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Situational Factor ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Implicit Attitude ◽  
Implicit Association

Implicit attitudes are conceived of as formed in childhood, suggesting extreme stability. At the same time, it has been shown that implicit attitudes are influenced by situational factors, suggesting variability by the moment. In the present article, using structural equation modeling, we decomposed implicit attitudes towards gay men into a person factor and a situational factor. The Implicit Association Test ( Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998 ), introduced as an instrument with which individual differences in implicit attitudes can be measured, was used. Measurement was repeated after one week (Experiment 1) or immediately (Experiment 2). Explicit attitudes towards gay men as assessed by way of questionnaires were positive and stable across situations. Implicit attitudes were relatively negative instead. Internal consistency of the implicit attitude assessment was exemplary. However, the within-situation consistency was accompanied by considerable unexplained between-situation variability. Consequently, it may not be adequate to interpret an individual implicit attitude measured at a given point in time as a person-related, trait-like factor.

scholarly journals The IAT Is Dead, Long Live the IAT: Context-Sensitive Measures of Implicit Attitudes Are Indispensable to Social and Political Psychology

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Jost
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
Implicit Attitude ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Context Sensitive ◽  
Iq Test ◽  
Attitude Measures ◽  
Physical Height ◽  
Political Value

The implicit association test (IAT) is one of several measures of implicit attitudes, but it has attracted especially intense criticism. Some methodological objections are valid, but they are damning only if one accepts false analogies between the IAT and measures of intellectual aptitude, clinical diagnosis, or physical height. Other objections are predicated on misconceptions of the nature of attitudes (which are context-sensitive and reflect personal and cultural forces) or the naive assumption that people cannot be biased against their own group. Other criticisms are ideological, pertaining to questions of moral and political value, such as whether it is good to have fewer pro-White/anti-Black implicit attitudes and to provide respondents with feedback about their implicit attitudes. Implicit-attitude measures have been extremely useful in predicting voting and other political behavior. An indirect, unobtrusive, context-sensitive measure of attitudes is far more useful to social and political psychologists than an IQ test or clinical “diagnosis” would be, insofar as it reflects a dynamic Lewinian conception of the “person in the situation.”

scholarly journals Attitude of Indian Youth towards Homosexuality

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahni S ◽  
Gupta B ◽  
Nodiyal K ◽  
Pant V
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Graduate Students ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Contact Hypothesis ◽  
Implicit Attitude ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Interpersonal Contact ◽  
Contact Group

Homosexualism is behaviour or a phenomenon in which individuals of the same sex are attracted to or have sexual relations with each other. In India, homosexuality is a taboo subject. Much research has not been conducted to understand the attitude of Indian youth towards homosexuality. The aim of the present research was to measure the implicit attitude, and a comparative analysis between the contact group (those who are in contact with homosexual individuals) and the non-contact group (those who neither know nor are in touch with homosexual individuals) was conducted. Implicit Association Test (Greenwald, McGhee, Schwartz, 1998) was used to gauge the implicit attitude towards homosexual individuals. 100 (50 males and 50 females) undergraduate and graduate students of Delhi and NCR were taken as sample in the study. It has been highlighted through various studies that people might show a positive or a neutral attitude towards homosexuality but unconsciously it may not always be the case. The contact hypothesis (Allport, 1954) suggests that the prejudice against homosexuals can be mitigated by encouraging interpersonal contact between non-homosexual and homosexual population. The findings of this study suggests that the contact group held a positive attitude towards homosexuals (30 out of 50), while the non-contact group held a negative one (40 out of 50).

How Do Implicit Materialism and Postmaterialism Affect Proenvironmental Behavior?

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 1495-1505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kexin Zhou ◽  
Lijuan Ye ◽  
Liuna Geng ◽  
Qiaoxin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Simulation Experiment ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
Environmental Behaviors ◽  
Proenvironmental Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

In this study, we explored implicit materialistic and postmaterialistic values, focusing on the relationship between these values and environmental behaviors. Participants were 60 Chinese students, who completed via self-report the Implicit Association Test (IAT) and the Environmental Behaviors Questionnaire, along with a situation simulation experiment to measure their actual environmental behavior. Our results provide the first evidence for an application of the IAT in research focused on materialism and postmaterialism. We found that implicit postmaterialism significantly predicted proenvironmental behavioral intention in a Chinese context, and implicit materialism was a strong predictor of actual proenvironmental behaviors (i.e., avoidance of paper waste). These results indicate that, for Chinese people, materialism is an important motivation for their actual proenvironmental behaviors.

Using implicit associations towards fruit consumption to understand fruit consumption behaviour and habit strength relationships

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gert-Jan de Bruijn ◽  
Mario Keer ◽  
Mark Conner ◽  
Ryan E. Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Habit Strength ◽  
Implicit Associations ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Fruit Consumption ◽  
Consumption Behaviour ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Consumption Habits

An implicit association test (IAT) was used to investigate how habit strength, implicit attitudes and fruit consumption interrelate. Fifty-two participants completed a computerized IAT and provided measures of fruit consumption and related habit strength. Implicit attitudes moderated the habit strength—fruit consumption relationship; stronger relationships were observed when implicit attitudes were more positive. Amongst those with strong fruit habits, more positive associations with fruit were found for those who had recently consumed sufficient fruits compared to those who had not. Findings demonstrate the relevance of implicit positive associations in understanding the relationship between fruit consumption habits and subsequent fruit consumption.

scholarly journals The Effect of Plain Cigarette Packaging on Implicit Attitudes

2021 ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Addictive Behavior ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Color Design ◽  
Plain Packaging ◽  
The Impact

Rationale: The significance of this research stems from the impact implicit attitudes have on smoking behavior, where positive implicit attitudes can result in a greater likelihood of smoking behavior. Even though it has previously been argued that implicit attitudes can drive addictive behavior there is a lack of research on whether cigarette packaging has an influence on implicit attitudes. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of plain cigarette packaging and designed/logo cigarette packaging on implicit attitudes. Methods: Implicit attitudes towards cigarette packaging were assessed by means of the Brief Implicit Association Test (BIAT). A questionnaire was conducted to assess sociodemographic and smoking behavior. The Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) was used to assess level of dependence. The sample consisted of 264 participants. Results: BIAT indicate a significant association between designed/logo cigarette packaging and positive implicit attitudes (Mean d-score > .15). Cigarette packaging design’s influence on implicit attitudes is positive (Mean d-score = .22), where there is a slight association between designed/logo packaging and positive implicit attitudes. Conclusions: When compared with plain packaging, designed/logo cigarette packaging leads to positive implicit attitudes. These findings support the effectiveness of plain packaging regulations where the removal of color, design and logo from cigarette packaging will decrease positive implicit attitudes formed by cigarette packaging.

A Robust Test for Checking the Homogeneity of Variability Measures and Its Application to the Analysis of Implicit Attitudes

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-425
Author(s):  
Ryan C. Erps ◽  
Kimihiro Noguchi
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
Reaction Time Data ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Robust Test ◽  
Extensive Simulation ◽  
Sample Test

A new two-sample test for comparing variability measures is proposed. To make the test robust and powerful, a new modified structural zero removal method is applied to the Brown–Forsythe transformation. The t-test-based statistic allows results to be expressed as the ratio of mean absolute deviations from median. Extensive simulation study demonstrates that the proposed test is robust to small or unequal sample sizes across many distributions. Moreover, careful exploratory analysis provides a new method for calculating the implicit association test scores for reaction time data with multiplicative treatment effects. Using this, a possible difference between variability of men and women’s implicit attitudes toward gay men is analyzed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document