Enhancement of Data Collection Performance in Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Path-Constrained Mobile Sink

Due to the energy limitation in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), most researches related to data collection in WSNs focus on how to collect the maximum amount of data from the network with minimizing the energy consumption as much as possible. Many types of research that are related to data collection are proposed to overcome this issue by using mobility with path constrained as Maximum Amount Shortest Path routing Protocol (MASP) and zone-based algorithms. Recently, Zone-based Energy-Aware Data Collection Protocol (ZEAL) and Enhanced ZEAL have been presented to reduce energy consumption and provide an acceptable data delivery rate. However, the time spent on data collection operations should be taken into account, especially concerning real-time systems, as time is the most critical factor for these systems' performance. In this paper, a routing protocol is proposed to improve the time needed for the data collection process considering less energy consumption. The presented protocol uses a novel path with a communication time-slot assignment algorithm to reduce the count of cycles that are needed for the data collection process with reduction of 50% of the number of cycles needed for other protocols. Therefore, the time and energy needed for data collection are reduced by approximately 25%and 6% respectively, which prolongs the network lifetime. The proposed protocol is called Energy-Time Aware Data Collection Protocol (ETCL).

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Study of multiple-source data collection in wireless sensor networks

Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science ◽

10.11591/ijeecs.v14.i3.pp1479-1483 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 1479

Author(s):

Radhi Sehen Issa

Keyword(s):

Wireless Sensor Networks ◽

Sensor Networks ◽

Data Collection ◽

Data Transfer ◽

Multiple Source ◽

Wireless Sensor ◽

Multiple Sources ◽

Collection Process ◽

Data Collection Process ◽

Source Data

A detailed survey on the process of data collection from multiple sources in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is introduced. The topologies that determine the location of the network components with respect to each other are presented. These topologies are often referred to as Mobility topologies. The performance of the overall WSN architecture significantly depends on these topologies. As a consequence, these topologies are elaborately compared and discussed. The most common network components that efficiently collaborate in data collection process are explained. To highlight the data collection process as a subject of our concern, the phases that describe the stages of the data collection are illustrated. These phases consist of three successive stages: discovery, data transfer, and routing. To sum up, the most recent approaches for developing the process of data collection in multiple-source WSNs are also presented.

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Cross-Layer Routing for a Mobility Support Protocol Based on Handover Mechanism in Cluster-Based Wireless Sensor Networks with Mobile Sink

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s19132843 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (13) ◽

pp. 2843 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maamar Zahra ◽

Yulin Wang ◽

Wenjia Ding

Keyword(s):

Wireless Sensor Networks ◽

Sensor Networks ◽

Data Collection ◽

Mobile Sink ◽

Wireless Sensor ◽

Hierarchical Architecture ◽

Cross Layer ◽

Collection Process ◽

Data Collection Process ◽

Handover Mechanism

Wireless sensor networks with mobile collectors or sinks face some challenges regarding the data collection process and the continuous connectivity and delivering of data while the mobile sink is moving throughout the network. These challenges increase as the network grows. For this aim, we propose in this paper a cross-layer routing protocol which supports mobility for large-scale wireless sensor networks, which we name CLR-MSPH. We adapt CLR-MSPH for the hierarchical architecture of the network, and it performs on cluster-based wireless sensor networks where the network is organized in clusters. Our proposed protocol deals with the problem of handover data after the mobile sink leaves the radio range of cluster head without sending all data stored in the cluster head’s buffer. We also introduce a mobility model for the mobile sink for a better data collection process. CLR-MSPH is considered as an extending implementation of BMAC protocol with handover mechanism (BMAC-H). In order to prove the efficiency of the proposed protocol, we compare CLR-MSPH to BMAC-H, where we adapted BMAC-H to perform in cluster-based wireless sensor networks. The simulation results show that CLR-MSPH performs better than BMAC-H in terms of packets reception rate, energy, and latency.

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PERFORMANCE EVALUATION ANALYSIS OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS ROUTING PROTOCOLS IN SMART GRIDS

Revista TECNIA ◽

10.21754/tecnia-26012016.02 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 17

Author(s):

Carlos Deyvinson Reges Bessa

Keyword(s):

Wireless Sensor Networks ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Sensor Networks ◽

Routing Protocol ◽

Smart Grids ◽

Network Routing ◽

Base Station ◽

Wireless Sensor ◽

Delay Jitter ◽

La Red

ABSTRACTThis work aims to study which wireless sensor network routing protocol is more suitable for Smart Grids applications, through simulation of AODV protocols, AOMDV, DSDV and HTR in the NS2 simulation environment. Was simulated a network based on a residential area with 47 residences, with one node for each residence and one base station, located about 25m from the other nodes. Many parameters, such as packet loss, throughput, delay, jitter and energy consumption were tested. The network was increased to 78 and 93 nodes in order to evaluate the behavior of the protocols in larger networks. The tests proved that the HTR is the routing protocol that has the best results in performance and second best in energy consumption. The DSDV had the worst performance according to the tests.Key words.- Smart grid, QoS analysis, Wireless sensor networks, Routing protocols.RESUMENEste trabajo tiene como objetivo estudiar el protocolo de enrutamiento de la red de sensores inalámbricos es más adecuado para aplicaciones de redes inteligentes, a través de la simulación de protocolos AODV, AOMDV, DSDV y HTR en el entorno de simulación NS2. Se simuló una red basada en una zona residencial con 47 residencias, con un nodo para cada residencia y una estación base, situada a unos 25 metros de los otros nodos. Muchos parámetros, tales como la pérdida de paquetes, rendimiento, retardo, jitter y el consumo de energía se probaron. La red se incrementó a 78 y 93 nodos con el fin de evaluar el comportamiento de los protocolos de redes más grandes. Las pruebas demostraron que el HTR es el protocolo de enrutamiento que tiene los mejores resultados en el rendimiento y el segundo mejor en el consumo de energía. El DSDV tuvo el peor desempeño de acuerdo a las pruebas.Palabras clave.- redes inteligentes, análisis de calidad de servicio, redes de sensores inalámbricas, protocolos de enrutamiento.

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An Enhanced Heterogeneous Gateway-Based Energy-Aware Multi-hop Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

10.20944/preprints202201.0024.v1 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Fuseini Jibreel ◽

Emmanuel Tuyishimire ◽

I M Daabo

Keyword(s):

Wireless Sensor Networks ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Sensor Networks ◽

Routing Protocol ◽

Data Transmission ◽

Base Station ◽

Communication Strategy ◽

Wireless Sensor ◽

Energy Aware ◽

Routing Scheme

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) continue to provide essential services for various applications such as surveillance, data gathering, and data transmission from the hazardous environments to safer destinations. This has been enhanced by the energy-efficient routing protocols that are mostly designed for such purposes. Gateway-based Energy-Aware Multi-hop Routing protocol (MGEAR) is one of the homogenous routing schemes that was recently designed to more efficiently reduce the energy consumption of distant nodes. However, it has been found that the protocol has a high energy consumption rate, lower stability period, less data transmission to the Base station (BS). In this paper, an enhanced Heterogeneous Gateway-based Energy-Aware multi-hop routing protocol ( HMGEAR) is proposed. The proposed routing scheme is based on the introduction of heterogeneous nodes in the existing scheme, selection of the head based on the residual energy, introduction of multi-hop communication strategy in all the regions of the network, and implementation of energy hole elimination technique. Results show that the proposed routing scheme outperforms two existing ones.

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Energy-efficient hierarchical routing in wireless sensor networks based on Fog Computing

10.21203/rs.3.rs-22873/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ademola Abidoye ◽

Boniface Kabaso

Keyword(s):

Wireless Sensor Networks ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Sensor Networks ◽

Routing Protocol ◽

Data Transmission ◽

Energy Efficient ◽

Fog Computing ◽

Sensor Nodes ◽

Wireless Sensor ◽

Hierarchical Routing

Abstract Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been recognized as one of the most essential technologies of the 21st century. The applications of WSNs are rapidly increasing in almost every sector because they can be deployed in areas where cable and power supply are difficult to use. In the literature, different methods have been proposed to minimize energy consumption of sensor nodes so as to prolong WSNs utilization. In this article, we propose an efficient routing protocol for data transmission in WSNs; it is called Energy-Efficient Hierarchical routing protocol for wireless sensor networks based on Fog Computing (EEHFC). Fog computing is integrated into the proposed scheme due to its capability to optimize the limited power source of WSNs and its ability to scale up to the requirements of the Internet of Things applications. In addition, we propose an improved ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm that can be used to construct optimal path for efficient data transmission for sensor nodes. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated in comparison with P-SEP, EDCF, and RABACO schemes. The results of the simulations show that the proposed approach can minimize sensor nodes’ energy consumption, data packet losses and extends the network lifetime

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Energy Efficient Trust Node Based Routing Protocol (EETRP) to Maximize the Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks in Plateaus

International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering (iJOE) ◽

10.3991/ijoe.v15i06.10340 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (06) ◽

pp. 113 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nandoori Srikanth ◽

Muktyala Sivaganga Prasad

Keyword(s):

Energy Efficiency ◽

Wireless Sensor Networks ◽

Sensor Networks ◽

Network Lifetime ◽

Routing Protocol ◽

Energy Efficient ◽

Sensor Nodes ◽

Wireless Sensor ◽

Mobile Nodes ◽

Energy Limitation

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) can extant the individual profits and suppleness with regard to low-power and economical quick deployment for numerous applications. WSNs are widely utilized in medical health care, environmental monitoring, emergencies and remote control areas. Introducing of mobile nodes in clusters is a traditional approach, to assemble the data from sensor nodes and forward to the Base station. Energy efficiency and lifetime improvements are key research areas from past few decades. In this research, to solve the energy limitation to upsurge the network lifetime, Energy efficient trust node based routing protocol is proposed. An experimental validation of framework is focused on Packet Delivery Ratio, network lifetime, throughput, energy consumption and network loss among all other challenges. This protocol assigns some high energy nodes as trusted nodes, and it decides the mobility of data collector. The energy of mobile nodes, and sensor nodes can save up to a great extent by collecting data from trusted nodes based on their trustworthiness and energy efficiency. The simulation outcome of our evaluation shows an improvement in all these parameters than existing clustering and Routing algorithms.

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A PSO-Based Uneven Dynamic Clustering Multi-Hop Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s19081835 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (8) ◽

pp. 1835 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ruan ◽

Huang

Keyword(s):

Wireless Sensor Networks ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Sensor Networks ◽

Network Lifetime ◽

Routing Protocol ◽

Cluster Head ◽

Base Station ◽

Wireless Sensor ◽

Dynamic Clustering ◽

Energy Efficient Routing

Since wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are powered by energy-constrained batteries, many energy-efficient routing protocols have been proposed to extend the network lifetime. However, most of the protocols do not well balance the energy consumption of the WSNs. The hotspot problem caused by unbalanced energy consumption in the WSNs reduces the network lifetime. To solve the problem, this paper proposes a PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization)-based uneven dynamic clustering multi-hop routing protocol (PUDCRP). In the PUDCRP protocol, the distribution of the clusters will change dynamically when some nodes fail. The PSO algorithm is used to determine the area where the candidate CH (cluster head) nodes are located. The adaptive clustering method based on node distribution makes the cluster distribution more reasonable, which balances the energy consumption of the network more effectively. In order to improve the energy efficiency of multi-hop transmission between the BS (Base Station) and CH nodes, we also propose a connecting line aided route construction method to determine the most appropriate next hop. Compared with UCCGRA, multi-hop EEBCDA, EEMRP, CAMP, PSO-ECHS and PSO-SD, PUDCRP prolongs the network lifetime by between 7.36% and 74.21%. The protocol significantly balances the energy consumption of the network and has better scalability for various sizes of network.

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A STATIC-LEACH WSNs for Hazardous Materials Monitoring

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.463-464.261 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 463-464 ◽

pp. 261-265

Author(s):

Fei Hui ◽

Xiao Le Wang ◽

Xin Shi

Keyword(s):

Wireless Sensor Networks ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Sensor Networks ◽

Routing Protocol ◽

Low Cost ◽

Hazardous Materials ◽

Sensor Nodes ◽

Wireless Sensor ◽

Hazardous Materials Transportation ◽

Adaptive Clustering

In this paper, hazardous materials transportation monitoring system is designed, implemented, and tested using Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). According to energy consumption and response time during clustering of Wireless Sensor Networks LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) routing protocol, we proposed STATIC-LEACH routing protocol based on static clustering, it can effectively reduce energy consumption of the wireless sensor nodes and reduce network latency of cluster. With WSN and GSM/GPRS, low cost and easy deployment remote monitoring is possible without interfering with the operation of the transportation.

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