A study on behaviour of Deccani lambs reared on different flooring material

The objective of this work was to evaluate some of the mechanical and physical properties of the flooring materials manufactured from panels having magnesia substrate overlaid with oak veneer (Querqus alba) and linoleum sheets. Commercially manufactured panels were used in this work. Bending characteristics, internal bond strength, thickness swelling, and surface quality of the samples were evaluated. The highest modulus of elasticity (MOE) value of 4406 MPa for the sample type-A2 was loaded in the direction of the substrate followed by 3478 MPa for linoleum covered samples which were loaded in the same direction. Internal bond strength values of the panels did not show any significant differences from each other. Dimensional stability of the specimens in the form of thickness swelling for both 2-h and 24-h water soaking tests resulted in values ranging from 0.11 to 0.19%. The surface quality of the samples was not substantially influenced as a function of water exposure. Based on the results in this work magnesium substrate overlaid with oak veneer and linoleum panels could have potential to be used as flooring material with accepted properties.

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Heat Supply Comparison in a Single-Family House with Radiator and Floor Heating Systems

Buildings ◽

10.3390/buildings10010005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 5

Author(s):

Amir Vadiee ◽

Ambrose Dodoo ◽

Elaheh Jalilzadehazhari

Keyword(s):

Heat Supply ◽

Heating System ◽

Heat Losses ◽

Cold Climate ◽

Single Family ◽

Heating Systems ◽

Family House ◽

Flooring Material ◽

Floor Heating

Floor heating and radiators are two of the most common types of hydronic heating systems used for space heating in single-family houses in cold climate regions. Notwithstanding, there are few comparative studies on indoor temperature distribution and system cost evaluations for radiators and floor heating. Furthermore, there are no aligned outcomes in terms of total heat supply for a single-family house with radiators or floor heating. In this study, the effect of building energy efficiency level and construction type, including flooring material, on the supply heating demand and transmission heat losses were studied for both radiator and floor heating systems. For this purpose, a single-family house located in Växjö, Sweden, was modeled as a case study. The heating demand was supplied with a district heating system with a similar supply temperature at 45 °C for both the radiator and floor heating system. A sensitivity analysis was also performed to assess the effect of flooring configurations on the annual supply heating demand for both conventional and passive versions of the case-study building. The results showed that the radiator-integrated building had a lower supply heating demand in comparison with the floor heating-integrated buildings. Based on the sensitivity studies, the flooring material did not have a significant influence on the supply heating demand and on the transmission heat losses in the case of the radiators. The supply heating demand was only reduced up to 3% if the flooring U-value was improved by 60%. The results also showed that refurbishment in a standard conventional building with a radiator heating system based on the passive criteria led to a 58% annual energy savings, while this amount for a building with a floor heating system was approximately 49%.

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Comparison of impact energy absorbance by various combinations of hip protector and flooring material

Current Orthopaedic Practice ◽

10.1097/bco.0000000000000683 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

David Hughes ◽

Farhad Nabhani

Keyword(s):

Impact Energy ◽

Hip Protector ◽

Flooring Material

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A new tool for the drying time and the moisture risk estimation in concrete floors

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202017204011 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 172 ◽

pp. 04011

Author(s):

Pauli Sekki ◽

Pasi Marttila ◽

Tarja Merikallio

Keyword(s):

Risk Estimation ◽

Building Site ◽

Drying Time ◽

New Approach ◽

Moisture Management ◽

Building Process ◽

Floor Structure ◽

Time Required ◽

Flooring Material

Moisture management in building site has improved significantly in recent years. However, problems with concrete floors are repeatedly found. One possible reason for the failure may be that the time required for adequate drying of the concrete has not been properly considered when scheduling the building process and because the pressure to complete the building, the floor covering has been installed too early. In building industry, there is a clear need for better understanding of the adequate drying times of concrete structures, as well as tools to make sufficient drying estimates. The new tool BY2020 provides a new approach to drying and moisture risk estimations. The simulation tool is a FEM-based model that allows change in geometry with time so that the material layers are automatically added into the model, based on the determined schedule. The boundary conditions are also changing with time based on the schedule. In addition, the water vapor resistance of the flooring material can be modelled to evaluate the long-term moisture behavior of the floor structure. Preliminary results are encouraging and the feedback on the new approach has been positive. Validation process is ongoing and target completion time for the tool is late 2020.

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Combining Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical and Phenol-Resin Impregnation Treatments: Potential for High-Density Poplar Flooring

Forest Products Journal ◽

10.13073/fpj-d-20-00002 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

pp. 147-150

Author(s):

Matthew Schwarzkopf

Keyword(s):

Cell Walls ◽

Scratch Resistance ◽

Low Density ◽

Limit Set ◽

Poplar Wood ◽

High Quality ◽

Phenol Resin ◽

Resin Impregnation ◽

Solids Content ◽

Flooring Material

Abstract Thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) treatments can be used to improve certain properties of underutilized wood species, especially those with low densities. These treatments densify the wood by softening the cell walls using heat, pressure, and moisture but are subject to set-recovery (recovery of compressive deformation) when exposed to humidity. Phenol-based resins have been successful in mitigating this issue when impregnated into the wood. This work explores the use of a new phenol-based resin combined with a THM treatment to limit set-recovery and produce products with the potential for flooring applications. Scratch resistance, hardness, and glue-line shear strength were used to assess the performance. The THM treatment and impregnated phenol resin used in this study increased the scratch resistance, density, and hardness of natural poplar wood and created satisfactory bonding conditions for flooring purposes. With optimization of THM parameters and resin solids content, the resulting product could provide a high-quality flooring material used alone or as a thin laminate from a low-density species like poplar.

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