The DEVELOPMENT OF Elaeidobius kamerunicus FAUST POPULATION AFTER INTRODUCTION AND THE IMPROVEMENT OF OIL PALM FRUIT SET IN SERAM ISLAND, MOLLUCAS, INDONESIA

Elaeidobius kamerunicus is the main pollinating agent in oil palm plantations in Indonesia today. The development of oil palm plantations in new areas requires introduction of these insects, moreover the new areas are located on different islands. First introduction of Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust had been done from North Sumatra to Seram Island on 23 September 2013. The introduction was performed on larva and pupa stadium in 4-5 days post anthesising of male inflorescences. The introduction of E. kamerunicus using plywood boxes has an average risk of death by 7.89% at 6 days delivery period. Observation before releasing of the weevils showed that this insect was not detected in both of oil palm male and female flowers and the oil palm fruit set was very low approximately 11.27%. For about 500 weevils/ha were released in Marnuhu estate and could be developed into 362,401 weevils/ha in 5 months with 97.86% of oil palm sex ratio. The oil palm fruit sets were increased after 1 and 2 months introduction, 53.70% and 75.56 %, respectively. The lower sex ratio of oil palm or the more availability of male inflorescences make growth of E. kamerunicus population became faster and the greater number of weevils that visiting anthesising of female flowers make the higher value of oil palm fruit set.

Download Full-text

The effects of date pollinizer variety and pollination time on fruit set and yield of Medjhol date palm

JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN AGRICULTURE ◽

10.24297/jaa.v2i2.4246 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 67-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Abdoul Amir Rahnama ◽

Esmaeil Rahkhodaei

Keyword(s):

Date Palm ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Block Design ◽

Male Flower ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Palm Fruit ◽

Tropical Fruit ◽

Male And Female ◽

Time Interaction ◽

Female Flowers

Date palm is unisexual, being either male or female. Male and female flowers grow on buds called Spathe, which opens naturally when fully mature. It is easy to identify the male and female flowers. Under the method of manual pollination, pollen from a male flower is smeared over female flowers. The pollen variety and pollination time have important effects on date palm fruit set, yield and quality. This experiment was carried out to study the effect of date pollinizer variety and pollination time on fruit set, growth and development of Medjhol date palm variety, in date palm garden of date palm and tropical fruit research institute of Iran during three years from 2009 to 2011. The trail was randomized complete block design in factorial manner with three pollen variety as Ghaname, Vardy, and Samesmave, two pollination time as 1-3 days before or after spathe opening and four replication. The results showed that the Vardy pollen had significant effects and increased the fertility percent and fruit yield, rather than two other pollen varieties. The pollen variety had no significant effects on fruit quality as total sugar, acidity, and bricx. The pollination time before spathe opening significantly increased fertility percent, decreased fruit weight and date palm yield. Finally the pollen variety and pollination time interaction effects showed that, application of Vardy pollen from 1-3 days after spathe opening with the most production date palm yield, equal 19.9 kilogram per any date palm trees, so this treatment is the best and are recommended.

Download Full-text

OPTIMATION OF DNA EXTRACTION PROTOCOL OF Elaeidobius kamerunicus

Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit ◽

10.22302/10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v24i2.10 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 77-86

Author(s):

Sri Wening ◽

Agus Eko Prasetyo ◽

Tjut Ahmad Perdana Rozziansha ◽

Agus Susanto

Keyword(s):

Dna Fingerprinting ◽

Dna Extraction ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽

Basic Knowledge ◽

Biological Study ◽

Palm Fruit ◽

Extraction Protocol ◽

Elaeidobius Kamerunicus

African pollination weevil (Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust) has an important role in the productivity of Indonesian oil palm plantation. Up to now, there has not been a comprehensive biological study of the species at molecular level. The basic knowledge is very useful for exploitation of the weevil for effective oil palm fruit set development. This research aimed to obtain DNA extraction protocol of E. kamerunicus for DNA fingerprinting of the species. Results showed that using a DNA extraction kit,material disruption by using micro pestle resulted the highest quantity of DNA, while there were no significant differences of resulted DNA quantity among treatments using tissue lyser for material disruption. DNA extracted by using micro pestle or tissue lyser for material disruption is adequate for DNA fingerprinting using AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) and sequencing techniques.

Download Full-text

Pollen load and distribution on the body of Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) within oil palm plantations

Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia ◽

10.5994/jei.17.2.81 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 81

Author(s):

Van Basten Tambunan ◽

Bandung Sahari ◽

Damayanti Buchori ◽

Purnama Hidayat

Keyword(s):

Oil Palm ◽

The Body ◽

Body Parts ◽

Pollen Load ◽

Male And Female ◽

Male Flowers ◽

Pollen Distribution ◽

Male To Female ◽

Female Flowers ◽

Elaeidobius Kamerunicus

The African oil palm weevil, Elaeidobius kamerunicus is an effective pollinator of oil palm. Each individual palm produces exclusively male or female inflorescence so that the success of pollination depends on the ability of the pollinator to transfer pollen from male to female flowers. The objective of this research was to study the amount of pollen carried by E. kamerunicus between male and female inflorescences (pollen load) and the amount of pollen carried on each part of the weevil’s body (pollen distribution). Fifty each of male and female E. kamerunicus individuals were collected from male and female flowers on trees in 3 locations: Siantar (North Sumatra), Dramaga (West Java), and Morowali (Central Sulawesi). Data on pollen load and pollen distribution on the weevil’s body were analyzed using ImageJ software. Results show that E. kamerunicus individuals collected more pollen from male flowers than from female flowers. In addition, male insects carried more pollen on their bodies than female insects. Pollen distribution on weevil body parts was highest on the elytra, followed by the thorax, abdomen, legs, and head respectively.

Download Full-text

Efficacité De La Pollinisation Entomophile Du Palmier A Huile Dans Les Plantations Du Sud-Ouest Et Du Sud-Est De La Côte d’Ivoire

European Scientific Journal ESJ ◽

10.19044/esj.2018.v14n12p392 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. 392

Author(s):

Kouakou Malanno ◽

Hala Kinampinan Adelphe ◽

Hala N’klo ◽

Dagnogo Mamadou

Keyword(s):

Cote D'ivoire ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Côte D’Ivoire ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Cote D’Ivoire ◽

Côte D'ivoire ◽

Palmier À Huile ◽

Positive Correlations ◽

Female Flowers ◽

Elaeidobius Kamerunicus

Low fruit set rates in oil palm plantations may be related to inadequate entomophilous pollination. The objective of this study was to follow the variations of fruit set and to determine its relationships with the entomofauna visiting inflorescences at La Mé, Grand-Béréby and Iboké in Côte d’Ivoire. Densities of the insects were followed out on male and female inflorescences during 12 months. The fruit set rate was also monitored over the same period on young bunches. The results showed that pollination is provided by Elaeidobius kamerunicus, Elaeidobius plagiatus, Elaeidobius singularis, Elaeidobius subvittatus, Microporum congolense, Microporum dispar and Atheta burgeoni. At La Mé, the fruit set rate was negatively correlated with the damage of Prosœustus spp (r = -0.43, p = 0.01) and positively with the abundance of E. kamerunicus and E. plagiatus on female flowers (respectively: r = 0.60, p = 0.002 and r = 0.47, p = 0.020). At Grand-Béréby, it is negatively correlated with the damage of Prosœustus spp (r = -0.42, p = 0.01). At Iboké, positive correlations were observed with the density of E. subvittatus (r = 0.40, p ˂ 0.001), M. congolense (r = 0.41, p = 0.046), M. dispar (r = 0.57, p = 0.004) and A. burgeoni (r = 0.65, p ˂ 0.001). This study highlighted the necessity to manage the populations of pollinators and the inflorescences pest insects to improve the production of oil palm in Côte d'Ivoire.

Download Full-text

OPTIMATION OF DNA EXTRACTION PROTOCOL OF Elaeidobius kamerunicus

Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit ◽

10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v24i2.10 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 77-86

Author(s):

Sri Wening ◽

Agus Eko Prasetyo ◽

Tjut Ahmad Perdana Rozziansha ◽

Agus Susanto

Keyword(s):

Dna Fingerprinting ◽

Dna Extraction ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽

Basic Knowledge ◽

Biological Study ◽

Palm Fruit ◽

Extraction Protocol ◽

Elaeidobius Kamerunicus

African pollination weevil (Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust) has an important role in the productivity of Indonesian oil palm plantation. Up to now, there has not been a comprehensive biological study of the species at molecular level. The basic knowledge is very useful for exploitation of the weevil for effective oil palm fruit set development. This research aimed to obtain DNA extraction protocol of E. kamerunicus for DNA fingerprinting of the species. Results showed that using a DNA extraction kit,material disruption by using micro pestle resulted the highest quantity of DNA, while there were no significant differences of resulted DNA quantity among treatments using tissue lyser for material disruption. DNA extracted by using micro pestle or tissue lyser for material disruption is adequate for DNA fingerprinting using AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) and sequencing techniques.

Download Full-text

Populasi Serangga Penyerbuk Kelapa Sawit Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Nilai Fruit Set pada Tanah Berliat, Berpasir dan Gambut di Kalimantan Tengah, Indonesia

Agrikultura ◽

10.24198/agrikultura.v28i1.13056 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fizrul Indra Lubis ◽

Sudarjat Sudarjat ◽

Danar Dono

Keyword(s):

Sandy Soil ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Clay Soil ◽

Peat Soil ◽

Soil Types ◽

Palm Fruit ◽

Central Kalimantan ◽

Palm Weevil ◽

Elaeidobius Kamerunicus ◽

Set Value

ABSTRACTPopulation of soil palm weevil pollinator Elaeidobius kamerunicus FAUST and its impact on fruit setvalue at clay, sandy and peat soil types in central Kalimantan, di IndonesiaOil palm weevil pollinator Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust plays an important role in the increasing oilpalm fruit set value. Along with the development of oil palm, fruit set problems occurred in recentdecades in some parts of Indonesia. An experiment was carried out on a seven years old oil palmplantation located at Selangkun Estate, Kotawaringin Barat, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia to find outthe influence of population E. kamerunicus on pollination efficiency at clay, sandy and peat soil types.Relative to other soil types, a high weevil population on male (50,811 weevils/ha ; 72 weevils/spikelet)and female (219 weevils) inflorescences had been recorded at clay soil. Fruit set value on clay soil 58.9%and significantly different with sandy soil of 49.8% and peat soil of 46.4%. Population E. kamerunicusper ha influenced fruit set value at clay, sandy and peat soil types. Number of E. kamerunicus visitedfemale inflorescences did not influenced fruit set value at clay, sandy and peat soil types.Keywords: Clay soil, Elaeidobius kamerunicus, fruit set, peat soil, population, sandy soil ABSTRAKSerangga penyerbuk kelapa sawit Elaeidobius kamerunicus FAUST berperan penting dalam peningkatannilai fruit set kelapa sawit. Seiring dengan perkembangan kelapa sawit, adanya permasalahan nilai fruitset telah terjadi dalam beberapa kurun waktu di beberapa wilayah Indonesia. Penelitian dilakukan diperkebunan kelapa sawit yang telah berumur tujuh tahun, berlokasi di Selangkung, Kotawaringin Barat,Kalimantan Tengah, Indonesia dan bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh populasi E. Kamerunicusterhadap efisiensi penyerbukan pada tipe tanah liat, pasir dan gambut. Berdasarkan tipe tanahdilaporkan bahwa tingginya populasi kumbang pada bunga jantan yaitu (50.811 kumbang/ha; 72kumbang/spikelet) dan bunga betina yang sedang mekar (219 kumbang) pada tipe tanah berliat.Adapun, nilai fruit set pada tanah liat sebesar 58,9% dan berbeda nyata dibandingkan dengan tanahberpasir (49,8%) dan gambut (46,4%). Populasi E. kamerunicus per ha berpengaruh terhadap nilai fruitset pada tipe tanah liat, pasir dan gambut. Namun, jumlah E. kamerunicus yang mengunjungi bungabetina yang sedang mekar tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai fruit set pada tipe tanah liat, pasir dangambut.Kata Kunci : Elaeidobius kamerunicus, Fruit set , Populasi, Tanah Gambut, Tanah liat, Tanah Pasir

Download Full-text

A Reevaluation of Tree Model, Inflorescence Morphology, and Sex Ratio in Lychee (Litchi Chinensis Sonn.)

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.120.6.914 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 120 (6) ◽

pp. 914-920 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Hannes Robbertse ◽

Jaco Fivaz ◽

Chris Menzel

Keyword(s):

Sex Ratio ◽

Tree Model ◽

Male And Female ◽

Litchi Chinensis ◽

First Order ◽

Inflorescence Morphology ◽

And Gender ◽

Female Flowers

The architecture of the lychee tree and the structure of the inflorescence are described according to the terminology of Hallè et al. and Weberling. The lychee tree has rhythmic modular growth and the inflorescence is a heterocladic pleiothyrsoid. Additional paracladia may develop from a second serial bud below the first-order paracladia. Male and female flowers are borne at variable positions on the dichasia. The relation between the position and gender of the flowers on the partial inflorescences (dichasia) varied with cultivar and time.

Download Full-text

PENGARUH UMUR TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT TERHADAP KELIMPAHANSERANGGA PENYERBUK (Elaeidobius kamerunicus)

Jurnal Agrotek Lestari ◽

10.35308/jal.v5i1.1967 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Saufiah Saufiah ◽

Chairudin Chairudin ◽

Sumeinika Fitria Lizmah

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Age Groups ◽

Plant Age ◽

Age Group ◽

Average Production ◽

Male Flowers ◽

Sample Method ◽

Female Flowers ◽

Elaeidobius Kamerunicus

Oil palm plants are a type of plant that undergoes pollination through the mediation of polinator agents because of the position of male flowers and female flowers in separate flowers. Elaeidobius kamerunicus is an effective type of pollinating insect in oil palm plants. This research was conducted at this research carried out on oil palm plantations of PT. Karya Tanah Subur (KTS) of West Aceh Regency. This research was conducted from February to March 2018. The collection of insect samples using the Purpose Sample method (sample determined), which uses 4 blocks of plants with different age groups of 4,5,6 and 7 years, respectively. Each age group on each block uses 6 sample plants. The results show the abundance of pollinator insects not influenced by plant age and altitude, but are influenced by the time of sampling. Domination index of palm oil pollinator insect simpons at PT. Karya Tanah Subur (KTS) is worth 0.9280 which means high evenness. The abundance of oil palm pollinators affects the average production of oil palm at PT. Karya Tanah Subur (KTS) Keywords: oil palm, Elaeidobius kamerunicus, pollinator

Download Full-text

Influence of Parental Dura and Pisifera Genetic Origins on Oil Palm Fruit Set Ratio and Yield Components in Their D × P Progenies

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10111793 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1793

Author(s):

Senesie Swaray ◽

Mohd Din Amiruddin ◽

Mohd Y. Rafii ◽

Syari Jamian ◽

Mohd Firdaus Ismail ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Yield Components ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Principal Component ◽

Oil Yield ◽

Fresh Fruit Bunch ◽

Palm Fruit ◽

Genetic Origins ◽

Estimation Of Variance

This research was conducted to study the performance of biparental dura × pisifera (D × P) progenies and their parental genetic origins on fruit set and yield components. Twenty-four D × P progenies developed from 10 genetic origins were used for this study. Analysis of variance showed that there was genetic variability based on the evaluation of individual progenies. Deli Ulu Remis × Nigeria of progeny ECPHP500 recorded the highest bunch number (22.91), and fresh fruit bunch (184.62 kg palm−1 year−1) and Deli Banting dura × AVROS pisifera (ECPHP550) had the highest average bunch weight (10.36 kg bunch−1 year−1). Progenies PK4674 (61.12%) and PK4465 (60.93%) had the highest fruit set, and the highest oil yield of 52.66 kg bunch−1 was noticed by progeny PK4674. Estimation of variance components, coefficients of variation, heritability, and genetic gain were calculated to establish the genetic variability. To validate the genetic disparity among the progenies, an unweighted pair-group procedure with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) and principal component was employed based on their quantitative traits. Through the UPGMA and principal component, the 24 progenies were clustered into 7 clusters, whereas cluster V had the highest fruit set (60.62%) and cluster IV had the highest oil yield (43.71 kg palm−1 year−1). For oil palm tissue culture and breeding programs, progeny PK4674 will be more useful for developing planting materials of high oil yielding with stable performance. However, we recommend that future studies incorporate molecular studies with conventional breeding.

Download Full-text