scholarly journals Cocoa Seed Shelf-Life and Seed Germination as Influenced by Pectin-Coat Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-138
Author(s):  
Rosyidatul Putri Munawaroh ◽  
Indah Anita-Sari ◽  
Sri Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Storage Process ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Process Change ◽  
Seed Technology ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Germinating Seeds

The time difference between the availability and the needs of cocoa seeds causes the national needs can not be fulfilled. Recalcitrant cocoa seed cannot be stored for a long time, germinating seeds during the storage process change in abnormal seedling growth. One of seed technology to maintain the seed quality during the storage is seed coating. Pectin is one of the compounds that can be used for coating on several commodities, also possible to be used on cocoa seeds. The study was conducted at Plant Breeding Laboratory of Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute, Jember. The experiment used a factorial randomized completely block design consisting of two factors. The first factor were concentration of pectin 0% (control), 1%, and 3%, while the second factor were shelflife of 1 week, 2 weeks, and 3 weeks. Each treatment combination was repeatedthree times. The results showed that pectin-coat treatment could keep cocoa seeds from germinating for 3 weeks but unable to maintain the quality of seeds during storage. 

scholarly journals The response of Stecklings Age and Plant Spacing on Carrot Seed Quality and Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Fatiani Manik ◽  
Rasiska Tarigan ◽  
Susilawati Barus
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Carrot Seed

The quality of seed needs to be considered in carrot seed production to maintain its productivity. The research aims to find out the response of stecklings age and plant spacing on carrot seed quality and production. This research was held on July 2018 – April 2019 in Berastagi field trial (1340 m MSL). The experiment used Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two factors, i.e., stecklings age (2 and 3 months) and plant spacing (25, 50, 75, and 100 cm), replicated four times (32 experiment units), 10 plants from each experiment units were taken as samples. The result showed that stecklings age and plant spacing were affected to plant vegetative and generative stages. The combination of 2-month stecklings and 50 cm plant spacing increased the number of secondary umble, if compared to cultivation, which was generally used by the farmer (3-month stecklings and 25 cm plant spacing). The best quality of carrot seed was obtained from the combination of 3-month stecklings and 50 cm plant spacing.

scholarly journals Peningkatan vigor kelapa sawit melalui pengayaan kecambah dengan Trichoderma asperellum, Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskular dan Enterobacter sacchari Increasing of oil palm seedling vigor through seed enrichment with Trichoderma asperellum, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, and Enterobacter sacchari)

2018 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esty Puri UTAMI ◽  
Eny WIDAJATI ◽  
Endah Retno PALUPI ◽  
Nurita TORUAN-MATHIUS
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Trichoderma Asperellum ◽  
Seed Technology ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Seedling Germination

Oil palm is a leading commodity of the plantation sector in Indonesia. Improving the quality of oil palm still be carried out to increase production. Seed technology can be used as an effort to improve the quality of oil palm seeds. The aim of this experiment was to determine the effect of seed enrichment with consortium of three microbes to increase vigor of oil palm seedling in pre nursery stage. The experiment design of this reseach was using completely randomize block design consisted of two factors. The first was seed coating consist of two factors, ie: coated seed and uncoated seed. Second was seed enrichment consist of eight factors, ie: control, enrichment with E. sacchari, abruscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), T. asperellum, E. sacchari+ AMF, E. sacchari+ T. asperellum, AMF + T. asperellum, E. sacchari+ AMF + T. asperellum. The result showed that enrichment with consortium of three microbes could increase vigor of oil palm seedling based on seedling germination, rate of germination, palm height, and numbers of survival seedling.[Keywords:biological agent, compatibility, diazotroph] Abstrak *) Penulis korespondensi: [email protected] Kelapa sawit adalah komoditas unggulan sektor perkebunan di Indonesia. Peningkatan mutu kelapa sawit terus dilakukan agar mening-katkan produksinya. Teknologi benih dapat digu-nakan sebagai salah satu upaya peningkatan mutu benih kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menetapkan pengaruh pengayaan konsorsium tiga mikroba, E. sacchari,T. asperellumdan cendawan mikoriza arbuskular (CMA) dan pelapisan kecambah terhadap peningkatan vigor bibit kelapa sawit di pre nursery. Percobaan dirancang dengan rancangan acak kelompok dengan dua faktor, yaitu pelapisan dan pengayaan. Pelapisan terdiri dari dua taraf, yaitu dengan pelapisan dan tanpa pelapisan. Pengayaan terdiri dari 8 taraf, yaitu kontrol, pengayaan dengan E. sacchari, CMA, T. asperellum, E. sacchari+ CMA, E. sacchari + T. asperellum,CMA + T.asperellum,E. sacchari+ CMA + T. asperellum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengayaan dengan konsor-sium tiga mikroba dapat meningkatkan vigor bibit kelapa sawit berdasarkan parameter daya tumbuh, kecepatan tumbuh, tinggi bibit, dan jumlah bibit yang hidup.  [Kata kunci:    agen hayati,    diazotrop, kompa-tibilitas]

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemangkasan Cabang dan Mikoriza terhadap Produksi dan Mutu Benih Mentimun (Cucumis Sativus L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
ANWI APRILIANA ◽  
ENDANG PUDJIHARTATI ◽  
HARMASTINI SUKIMAN
Keyword(s):  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cucumber Plant ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Christian University ◽  
Seed Technology ◽  
Physiology Laboratory

The Effect of Branch Pruning and Mycorrhiza on Production and Seed Quality of Cucumis sativus L. The purpose of this study was to obtain the best branch pruning, with or without mycorrhiza application, in order to increase the production and quality of cucumber seeds. Pruning the branch at the beginning of cucumber growth is expected to delay fruit formation and support good vegetative growth. This research was carried out in the PT. Primasid Andalan Utama seed production area in Kalibeji Village, Tuntang District, Semarang Regency, Seed Technology Laboratory and Plant Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture and Business, Satya Wacana Christian University. This study was conducted by the split-plot randomized complete block design with 2 factors. The main plot consists of 2 levels, namely control/without mycorrhiza (M0) and mycorrhiza application (M1). Pruning the branches as the subplots consist of 4 levels, were pruning to the second, third, fourth and fifth branches of the cucumber plant (P1, P2, P3 and P4). DMRT was used to differentiate the significance of the treatment. The results showed that mycorrhiza application increased the percentage of root infections. The pruning to the fifth branch (P4) is the best; in control without mycorrhiza (M0P4) increased for the number of fruits, the seed weight per plant, and the germination simultaneously; whereas in mycorrhiza application (M1P4) increased the number of fruits and the seed weight per plant.  It is also observed that the pruning to the second branch (P1) increased the weight of 1000 grains, the speed of germination and the simultaneous of germination; both with and without mycorrhiza application.

scholarly journals Respons Pertumbuhan, Fisiologi, dan Produksi Kedelai terhadap Pemberian Pupuk Nitrogen dengan Dosis dan Waktu yang Berbeda

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Firdaus Puja Santana ◽  
Munif Ghulamahdi ◽  
Iskandar Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Seed Filling ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Filling Phase ◽  
Soybean Plants

Fertilization is needed to support the growth of soybean plants. Nitrogen is a type of fertilizer that is needed by soybeans in considerable amounts. Aplication of nitrogen at different times is able to affect the production and quality of soybean seeds. The purpose of this study was to attain information about the morphology, physiology, and production responses of two soybean varieties to the supply of N. This research was conducted at the Cikabayan Experimental Station, IPB University, Dramaga, Bogor Regency. This study used a completely randomized block design with two factors, namely two soybean varieties consisting of Tanggamus and Biosoy 1, and four combinations of N fertilizer doses that were without N fertilization, fertilized N at planting date, fertilized N at the seed filling phase, and fertilized N at planting date+seed filling phase with two replications. The dosage of urea fertilizer used was 25 kg ha-1, so that the N dosages is obtained 11,5 kg ha-1. The results showed that the application of N fertilizers at planting and during the seed filling phase (N3) was an effective time to increase soybean production.   Keywords: fertilization, morphology, seed quality

Post harvest seed quality of greengram as influenced by pre-harvest spray of insecticides

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. N. Raghu ◽  
Rai Prashant Kumar ◽  
Basave Gowda ◽  
N. Manjunatha ◽  
Rajeshwari S. Alur
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Methyl Parathion ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of insecticides and stages of insecticidal sprays on seed yield and yield components in greengram. The investigation was carried out in Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, during <italic>Kharif</italic> 2012. The experiment was laid in factorial randomized block design (FRBD) consisted of 15 treatment combinations involving two factors with three replications. Among the five test insecticides, spraying of malathion @ 2 ml/l recorded significantly more number of pods/plant (20.75), pod weight (20.45g), seed yield/plant (3.17 g), seed yield/hectare (949 kg) and less percentage of infested pods (5.35%) as well as infested seeds/plant (2.66%). It was followed by nimbicidine and methyl parathion. Whereas reciprocal values for these seed yield parameters were noticed in the unsprayed control plants (16.13, 16.53g, 1.84g, 725 kg, 14.13% and 7.89%, respectively). Similar results were recorded in spraying of insecticides at 20 and 10 Days before harvest compare to 20 or 10 Days before harvest. Interaction effect between insecticides and stages of insecticidal spraying were found non-significant for most of the seed yield and quality parameters.

scholarly journals Studies on effect of liquid bio-fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer on yield and quality of Sapota [Manilkara achras (Mill.) Foresberg.] Cv. Kallipatti

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (AAEBSSD) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
T. D. Bhongale ◽  
A.M. Bhosale ◽  
S. J. Syed
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
The Other ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors

The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design with two factors; these factors consist of four and three levels respectively, twelve treatment combination and three replications. Among the different treatment combinationthe treatment T10-N1B3 (125%NPK + Azotobacter + PSB ) application of Azotobacter and PSB with 125% dose of fertilizer reported that the highest number of fruits per tree (1415.62), Yield per tree (105.02 kg), yield per hectare (108.38), Weight of fruit (g)(86.50), TSS (%), Acidity (0.18), Reducing sugar (15.00%) and Non-reducing sugar (5.63%) of sapota were recorded highest with the application of 125% RDF+ Azotobacter (100ml) + PSB (100ml). The treatment N1B3 with application of 125% NPK combined with Azotobacter (100ml) and PSB (100ml) significant than the other treatments.

scholarly journals Penggunaan Benzil Amino Purin dan Boron untuk Meningkatkan Produksi dan Mutu Benih True Shallots Seed Bawang Merah (Allium cepa var. ascalonicum) di Dataran Tinggi

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rini Rosliani ◽  
ER Palupi ◽  
Yusdar Hilman
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Alternative Technologies ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Benzyl Amino Purine

ABSTRAK. Penggunaan umbi benih untuk bahan perbanyakan bawang merah mempunyai beberapa masalah, antara lain ketidaktersediaan benih bermutu, produktivitas rendah, dan mahal. Salah satu alternatif teknologi yang potensial untuk dikembangkan sebagai benih ialah penggunaan biji botani atau true shallots seed (TSS).  Penelitian dilakukan untuk memproduksi benih bawang merah TSS di dataran tinggi melalui peningkatan pembungaan dan viabilitas serbuk sari menggunakan BAP dan boron.  Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran Lembang, Jawa Barat (ketinggian 1.250 m dpl.) dari Bulan Agustus 2011 sampai dengan Februari 2012. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan yaitu acak kelompok faktorial dengan tiga ulangan.  Perlakuan terdiri atas dua faktor, yaitu aplikasi benzil amino purin (BAP) 0, 50, 100, 150, dan 200 ppm dan boron 0, 1, 2, 3, dan 4 kg/ha.  Aplikasi  BAP diberikan tiga kali pada umur 1, 3, dan 5 minggu setelah tanam (MST), dan boron pada umur 3, 5, dan 7 MST. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi BAP dapat meningkatkan pembungaan, viabilitas serbuk sari bawang merah, dan produksi benih TSS tetapi tidak meningkatkan mutu benih, sedangkan aplikasi boron efektif meningkatkan semua variabel yang diamati termasuk mutu benih TSS. Konsentrasi BAP yang optimum untuk menghasilkan produksi benih TSS ialah 37,5 ppm, sedangkan dosis boron yang optimum untuk menghasilkan bobot benih per plot yang tinggi dengan mutu benih sesuai standar sertifikasi mutu yaitu 2,88 kg/ha.  Hasil yang diperoleh pada perlakuan boron memberikan peningkatan sebesar 165,69% daripada kontrol. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan informasi teknologi produksi TSS yang dapat dikembangkan untuk memproduksi benih TSS bermutu tinggi. <br /><br />ABSTRACT. Rosliani, R, Palupi, ER, and Hilman, Y 2012. Benzyl Amino Purine and Boron Application for Improving Production and Quality of True Shallots Seed (Allium cepa var. ascalonicum) in Highlands. The use of bulb for propagation material of shallots has several problems including unavailability of quality seeds, low productivity, and expensive. One of the potential alternative technologies to be developed as seed is using true shallots seed (TSS). The aimed of research was to produce TSS in the highlands through increased flowering and pollen viability by using benzyl amino purine (BAP) and boron. The study was conducted at the Experimental Field, Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute (IVEGRI) in Lembang, West Java (altitude 1,250 m asl.), from August 2011 to February 2012. The factorial experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The treatments consists of two factors, namely the application of BAP 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 ppm and boron (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 kg/ha). Benzyl amino purine application was given three times at  1, 3, and 5 weeks after planting (WAP), and boron at  3, 5, and 7 WAP. The results showed that application of BAP improved flowering, pollen viability, and seed production of TSS but did not improve seed quality, while boron application effectively increased all variables including the seed quality of TSS. The efficient concentration of BAP to improve TSS seed weight per plot was 37.5 ppm, while the optimum concentration of boron to improve TSS seed production with the good seed quality (according to the certification standards of seed quality) was 2.88 kg/ha. The yield obtained in the treatment of boron gave an increase of 165.69% compared to the control. The results provide information about TSS production techniques that can be developed to produce  the high seed quality of TSS.<br /><br />

scholarly journals Plant spacing and pollen quantity on yield and quality of squash seeds

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcio S. de Lima ◽  
Antonio I. I. Cardoso ◽  
Marcelo F. Verdial
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Pollen Quantity

Squash seeds yield and quality can be improved by proper population plant spacing and the pollen quantity, which influences the pollination quality and fertilization. Nine experiments were conducted as a factorial combination of three spacing between plants (0.8 x 0.3, 0.8 x 0.6 and 0.8 x 0.9 m), two quantities of pollen (50% of an anther and another entire one) and natural insect pollination. Seed and fruit production parameters, and seed quality were evaluated. A randomized complete block design, five replications, with ten plants per plot was adopted. Larger plant spacing increased the average number of mature fruits and seed yield per plant. Seed yield was directly proportional to the amount of pollen used during pollination. Higher amounts of pollen resulted in higher seed yield per area, but the plant spacing did not affect this characteristic. Manual pollination, using a whole anther, did not differ from natural pollination in relation to seed yield and quality.

scholarly journals Lignification of the plant and seed quality of RR soybeans sprayed with herbicide glyphosate

Revista CERES ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-292
Author(s):  
Cristiane Fortes Gris ◽  
Edila Vilela de Resende Von Pinho ◽  
Maria Laene de Moreira Carvalho ◽  
Rafael Parreira Diniz ◽  
Thaís de Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Herbicide Glyphosate

Differences in levels of lignin in the plant between conventional and transgenic cultivars RR has been reported by several authors, however, there are few studies evaluating the influence of spraying of glyphosate on the lignin in the plant and RR soybean seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of RR transgenic soybean seeds and the lignin contents of plants sprayed with the herbicide glyphosate. The assays were conducted both in greenhouse and field in the municipality of Lavras, MG, in the agricultural year 2007/08. The experiment was arranged in a splitplot design with four replicates, considering the treatments hand weeding and herbicide glyphosate as plots, and five RR soybean cultivars (BRS 245 RR, BRS 247 RR, Valiosa RR, Silvânia RR and Baliza RR) as splitplots. In the greenhouse, the cultivars tested were BRS 245 RR and Valiosa RR in a randomized block design with four replicates. The sprayings were carried out at stages V3, V7 and early R5 (3L/ha). The 1000 seed weight, mechanical injury, germination and germination velocity index, emergence velocity index, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity and water soaking seed test, lignin content in the seed coat, in the stem and legumes were determined. The spraying of glyphosate herbicide, in greenhouse and field, did not alter the physiological quality of seeds and the lignin contents in the plant.

scholarly journals Enhancing Chromium Phytostabilization Using Chelator (Agrobacterium sp. I26 and Manure) to Support Growth and Quality of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riani Dwi Utari ◽  
Mohammad Masykuri ◽  
Retno Rosariastuti
Keyword(s):  
Research Output ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Control Application

There are many of rice field which is located near the industrial area. The industrial waste contains heavy metals (chromium) which will cause contamination of rice if the waste isn’t treated properly. The used of chemical fertilizers can cause chromium contamination. It needs an effort to do remediation, such as using phytostabilization mechanism. This research aimed to determine the role of chelator in chromium phytostabilization and its influence on the growth and quality of rice. The study was conducted in Waru village, Karanganyar in May to October 2018.  This research was factorial design used completely randomized block design with two factors, namely chemical fertilizers and chelator (<em>Agrobacterium </em>sp. I<sub>26</sub>, and manure). The parameters observed are chromium content and uptake by plant tissues (roots, shoot and rice), plant height and a number of clumps. Research output was without chemical fertilizer-chelator <em>Agrobacterium </em>sp. I<sub>26</sub> that can increase the chromium uptake in roots as big as 95.38 %, increased up to 10 %  in the shoot and decreased up to 92.38 % in rice compared to control. Application of <em>Agrobacterium</em> sp. I<sub>26</sub> can be recommended to produce good quality and quantity of rice (good growth and free from harmful pollutants such as chromium metal).

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