scholarly journals Intake, digestibility and rumen fermentation pattern in wethers fed total mixed ration silage containing dry or fresh apple pomace

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.-j. Xia ◽  
J.-c. Fang
Keyword(s):  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Apple Pomace ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Fermentation Pattern

Effect of Levels of Lucerne Straw in Total Mixed Ration on Rumen Fermentation Pattern and Blood Metabolites in Bullocks

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Lunagariya ◽  
M. B. Pande
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Blood Constituents ◽  
Blood Haemoglobin ◽  
Fermentation Pattern

A study was planned to ascertain effect of 50 (T1), 60 (T2) and 70 (T3) % lucerne straw in total mixed ration (TMR) on rumen fermentation and blood metabolites in Kankrej crossbred bullocks. Two bullocks were assigned in each treatment using 3 x 3 Latin Square design. The rumen and blood metabolites were evaluated on last day of each period. The pH of strained rumen liquor (SRL) was slightly alkaline (7.09-7.16) on account of green forage feeding in morning before TMR. The pH was lowest at 4 hr post-feeding. The total volatile fatty acids (TVFAs) were 75.79-77.67 mEq/ litre and a reverse trend was observed for TVFAs as compared to pH. The values for ammonia, total, soluble, non-protein and protein nitrogen in SRL were 15.07-17.52, 86.92-90.07, 39.90-46.55, 35.88-40.69 and 46.23-53.50 mg/100 ml, respectively. All nitrogen fractions peaked at 2 hr postfeeding, except protein nitrogen which peaked at 6 hr, showing maximum activity up to 6 hr postfeeding. The values for serum protein, phosphorus and calcium as well as blood haemoglobin were within physiological range. The differences amongst treatments for rumen and blood metabolites were non-significant. The results suggest that lucerne straw can be incorporated up to 70% in TMR of bovines for maintenance without adverse effect on rumen fermentation and blood constituents

scholarly journals The influence of slowly and rapidly degradable concentrate protein on nitrogen balance, rumen fermentation pattern and blood parameters in dairy cattle.

1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.A.G. Veen ◽  
J. Veling ◽  
Y.T. Bakker
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Rumen Ph ◽  
Fermentation Pattern ◽  
Degradable Protein

In a crossover trial, 4 cows were given concentrates containing rapidly and slowly degradable protein in combination with prewilted grass silage. Diets were given in 2 equal daily portions according to DCP and net energy requirements. The trial consisted of 3 main periods of 3 weeks each, with faeces, urine and milk collected and measured during the final week. On 1 day during this week samples of rumen fluid were taken and on 2 days blood samples were taken, directly before the morning feed and 1, 2, 3, 4 and 8 h later. N digestibity and N retention were the same on both rations. A concentrate with slowly-degradable protein resulted in a significantly higher rumen pH and acetate:propionate ratio. Ammonia concn. tended to be lower. Slowly-degradable concentrate protein led to a significantly higher concn. of urea and a lower concn. of insulin in blood. The concn. of several of the essential amino acids, and of the glucogenic amino acids and glycine was significantly lower. There were no significant effects of type of protein on milk yield or milk composition, but there was a tendency for these parameters to increase with ration containing slowly-degradable protein. Results suggest the ration containing slowly-degradable concentrate protein produced a more even rumen fermentation, which promoted a higher acetate:propionate ration in the rumen. On this ration there was a tendency for more gluconeogenesis from amino acids to occur. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

An initial investigation on rumen fermentation pattern and methane emission of sheep offered diets containing urea or nitrate as the nitrogen source

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 653 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Li ◽  
J. Davis ◽  
J. Nolan ◽  
R. Hegarty
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid Concentration ◽  
Enteric Methane ◽  
Fermentation Pattern

The effects of dietary nitrate and of urea on rumen fermentation pattern and enteric methane production were investigated using 4-month-old ewe lambs. Ten lambs were allocated into two groups (n = 5) and each group was offered one of two isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets containing either 1.5% urea (T1) or 3% calcium nitrate (T2). Methane production was estimated using open-circuit respiration chambers after 6 weeks of feeding. No difference in nitrogen (N) balance, apparent digestibility of N or microbial N outflow existed between treatments (P > 0.05). Animals offered the T2 diet lost less energy through methane than did those fed the T1 diet (P < 0.05). Total volatile fatty acid concentration, molar proportion of propionate, and the molar ratio of acetate to propionate in rumen fluid were not affected by dietary N source. Compared with urea inclusion, nitrate inclusion caused a significantly higher acetate and lower butyrate percentage in rumen volatile fatty acid. Nitrate supplementation tended to lower methane production by ~7.7 L/day relative to urea supplementation (P = 0.06). Methane yield (L/kg DM intake) was reduced (P < 0.05) by 35.4% when 1.5% urea was replaced by 3% calcium nitrate in the diet. Emission intensity (L methane/kg liveweight gain) was ~17.3% lower in the nitrate-supplemented sheep when compared with urea-fed sheep; however, the reduction was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). This study confirms that the presence of nitrate in the diet inhibits enteric methane production. As no clinical symptoms of nitrite toxicity were observed and sheep receiving nitrate-supplemented diet had similar growth to those consuming urea-supplemented diet, it is concluded that 3% calcium nitrate can replace 1.5% urea as a means of meeting ruminal N requirements and of reducing enteric methane emissions from sheep, provided animals are acclimated to nitrate gradually.

The response of cattle on a sorghum-based feedlot diet to monensin supplied either via intraruminal capsules or in the feed

1980 ◽  
Vol 20 (106) ◽  
pp. 522 ◽  
Author(s):  
GD Tudor ◽  
RH Laby ◽  
DW Utting
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Cotton Seed ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Liver Abscesses ◽  
Fermentation Pattern ◽  
C 50

A feedlot experiment with Hereford steers of initial liveweight of 249 � SE 3.0 kg was done to investigate the production responses to the addition of monensin either in the feed (30 ppm) or in intraruminal controlled-release capsules (CRC). The ration was 90% concentrate (94.3% sorghum, 3% tallow, 2.7% minerals), 10% cotton seed hulls with the following treatments: (A) control, (B) 30 ppm monensin in feed, (C) 50 mg monensin day-1 CRC, (D) 100 mg day-1 CRC, (E) 200 mg day-1 CRC, and (F) 300 mg day-1 CRC. The dry matter intakes and growth rates of the six groups (A to F) were 7.57 and 1.32; 6.56 and 1 .I 3; 7.60 and 1.35; 7.08 and 1.24; 7.39 and 1.35; and 7.05 and 1.23 kg day-1, respectively, with the dry matter intakes for monensin in feed (B) being lower (P < 0.05) than the remaining treatments, and for the same treatment the growth rates were lower (P < 0.05) than treatments A, C and E. The apparent feed conversion ratios (DMI kg-I LW gain) were 5.75, 5.92, 5.78, 5.86, 5.61 and 5.79, respectively, and did not differ (P > 0.05). Generally, the addition of monensin had no effect on carcase characteristics or on liver abscesses. It was concluded that the addition of tallow to the diet may have altered the rumen fermentation pattern sufficiently to prevent further benefit from the addition of monensin.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document