Effects of a Threat and Alliance on International Cooperation: Comparison of Inter-Korean and Turkish-Armenian Railway Projects

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-232
Author(s):  
Yongsung Cho
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
North And South

The article examines restricting factors in international cooperation, drawing a comparative analysis of two cases on cross-border infrastructure projects: the Gyeongui railway line that connects North and South Korea and the Kars-Gyumri-Tbilisi railway line that links Turkey and Armenia. In both cases, states involved strive for the normalization of diplomatic relations and border openness as well as potential economic opportunities and national security. Nevertheless, neither Seoul and Pyongyang nor Ankara and Yerevan succeeded in building a sustainable cooperation framework. While the outcome is the same, independent variables in both cases are different. Firstly, two Koreas have been in a military confrontation for seven decades, whereas Turkey and Armenia never engaged in a direct conflict. Secondly, the configuration of alliances (South Korea and the United States and Turkey and Azerbaijan) weakens the decision-making on the troublesome infrastructure projects. Consequently, alliances are identified as one the key factors that determine the mode of international cooperation.

China — Mongolia — Russia Economic Corridor Program: Problems and Prospects for Implementation

2021 ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Makarov
Keyword(s):  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Economic Base ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Energy Infrastructure ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Current State ◽  
Bilateral Cooperation ◽  
The Creation

The 100-th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Russia and Mongolia, which the two neighboring countries will celebrate on November 5, 2021, gives a serious reason to assess the current state of bilateral cooperation, existing problems and prospects for its development. In recent years, the issues of intensification of Russian-Mongolian relations have been considered in the context of the trilateral «Program for the creation of the China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor». Despite the lack of concrete results within the framework of this program, the implementation of a number of infrastructure projects is being prepared, which will seriously strengthen the economic base of cooperation between Russia and Mongolia and China. The paper analyzes the problematic issues of the implementation of plans for the development of transport and energy infrastructure through Mongolia, which are considered as the basis for trilateral cooperation. Particular attention is paid to plans for the development of the railway network. The promising directions for the development of cross-border infrastructure in the framework of the program for the creation of the Mongolian corridor are identified.

Trump may destabilise Korean Peninsula

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Korean Peninsula ◽  
Presidential Elections ◽  
The United States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Us ◽  
North And South ◽  
Trump Administration

Subject US relations with North and South Korea under the incoming Trump administration. Significance The period of transition to Donald Trump's presidency in the United States has displayed neglect and misunderstanding of Korean peninsula affairs, adding to risks for the region as it approaches a period of significant strategic challenge. Impacts Until Trump's team enunciates policy on the Koreas, responses to events will be unprepared and reactive. Trump's policy will influence presidential elections in South Korea, where left-of-centre candidates question the value of the US alliance. The Trump administration’s policy and communication via Twitter heightens risk of misunderstanding within the region.

The Evolving Inter-Korean Relationship and Regional Politics

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Joo Han
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Korea ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Northeast Asia ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Regional Politics ◽  
The World ◽  
Realistic Assessment ◽  
North And South

The historic June 2000 summit and subsequent exchanges between North and South Korea have added a new dimension to not only South-North Korean relations but also the situation in Northeast Asia as a whole. On one hand, the thawing South- North Korean relations has generated great optimism among those who see it as an irrefutable sign of North Korea's intention to join the rest of the world as a constructive player. At the other extreme, it is seen as a deceptive, if not desperate, act on the part of North Korea to reap economic gains and lower the guard of South Korea and its allies, principally the United States. Perhaps a more realistic assessment lies somewhere between these polar analyses.

scholarly journals Quando a pauta é Cuba: o jornalista assujeitado às suas evidências

RUA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Juliana Sangion ◽  
Amanda Cotrim
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Immediate Experience ◽  
Production Conditions

No presente artigo, refletimos sobre o modo como a ideologia se manifesta na linguagem. De maneira específica, analisamos as condições de produção do vídeo Impressões de Cuba, produzido pela Globo News, na semana do dia 17 de dezembro de 2014, quando Cuba e os EUA reataram suas relações diplomáticas. Consideramos para a nossa análise dois fatores fundamentais: o sujeito (jornalista) e a situação, na tentativa de compreender a produção discursiva e seus efeitos de sentido no vídeo sobre Cuba. O presente artigo defende que, para o jornalista, tomado por sua experiência direta e imediata da realidade, as coisas na Ilha já chegam, pelo imaginário, como significado evidente. Antes de ir a Cuba, a ilha já chegara como imagem para o sujeito, que deixa escapar, pela linguagem, seu posicionamento no discurso sobre Cuba.Abstract:Abstract: In this article, we discuss how the ideology is manifested in language. Specifically, we analyze the production conditions of the video Impressões de Cuba, produced by Globo News, in the week of December 17th, 2014 when Cuba and the United States resumed diplomatic relations. Our analysis considers two key factors: the subject (the journalist) and the situation, in an attempt to understand the meanings produced about Cuba by the video. The article argues that, taken by his direct and immediate experience of reality, things on Cuban island already come, by the imaginary, as a clear meaning to the journalist. Even before going to Cuba, the island has arrived as an image for the subject, which lets out through the language, his position in the discourse about Cuba.Keywords: Discourse analysis, Ideology, Documentary, Globo News, Cuba

Gerald H. Thayer's ornithological work in St Vincent and the Grenadines, Lesser Antilles

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Wiley
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
West Indies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lesser Antilles ◽  
American Museum ◽  
The West ◽  
Comparative Zoology ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

Gerald Handerson Thayer (1883–1939) was an artist, writer and naturalist who worked in North and South America, Europe and the West Indies. In the Lesser Antilles, Thayer made substantial contributions to the knowledge and conservation of birds in St Vincent and the Grenadines. Thayer observed and collected birds throughout much of St Vincent and on many of the Grenadines from January 1924 through to December 1925. Although he produced a preliminary manuscript containing interesting distributional notes and which is an early record of the region's ornithology, Thayer never published the results of his work in the islands. Some 413 bird and bird egg specimens have survived from his work in St Vincent and the Grenadines and are now housed in the American Museum of Natural History (New York City) and the Museum of Comparative Zoology (Cambridge, Massachusetts). Four hundred and fifty eight specimens of birds and eggs collected by Gerald and his father, Abbott, from other countries are held in museums in the United States.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document