scholarly journals Internalisasi Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Perspektif Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) (Analisis Filosofis)

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Masbur Masbur

Value for Maslow is the value of existence (being values), which includes among others: truth, goodness, beauty, full of energy, unique, perfection, fullness, justice, order, simplicity, rich nature, the full nature of the game and the nature of self- sufficient. These values will behave as needs and fulfillment will bear the psychological health and leads to the possibility of a peak experience. Moreover, according to Maslow value focus is on the role of human beings, human nature, and moral values. At the first show that the award of the inner potential and the human role in determining his choices. In the second explains that human nature lies in the nature that fosters inner porensi independence and responsibility on humanitarian grounds. The latter showed that moral values are values that are very important for people to develop themselves. The implication of all it is the first, the realization of development opportunities and the role of human psychological behavior-based humanistic and religious. Second, the realization of psychological behavior improvement opportunities based on the transcendental spiritual and scientific aspects. Third, the realization of development opportunities of building science concerned with the aspect of morality. Because for him, the peak experience is becoming more of yourself, realizing his ability to perfect, closer to the core of its existence, and more fully as a human being and experience the peak is at the core of religion. Nilai bagi Maslow adalah nilai keberadaan (being values), yang mencakup diantaranya adalah: kebenaran, kebaikan, keindahan, penuh energi, unik, kesempurnaan, kepenuhan, keadilan, ketertiban, kesederhanaan, sifat kaya, sifat penuh permainan dan sifat mencukupi diri. Nilai-nilai tersebut akan berprilaku seperti kebutuhan dan pemenuhannya akan melahirkan kesehatan psikologis dan membawa ke arah kemungkinan pengalaman puncak. Selain itu, fokus nilai menurut Maslow adalah pada peran manusia, hakikat manusia, dan nilai moral. Pada yang pertama menunjukkan bahwa pemberian penghargaan terhadap potensi batin dan peran manusia dalam menentukan pilihan-pilihannya. Pada yang kedua menerangkan bahwa hakikat manusia terletak pada porensi batin yang menumbuhkan sifat kemandirian dan tanggung jawab atas dasar kemanusiaan. Sedangkann yang terakhir menunjukkan bahwa nilai moral adalah nilai yang sangat penting bagi manusia untuk mengembangkan dirinya. Implikasi dari semua itu adalah pertama, terwujudnya peluang pengembangan peran manusia dan tingkah laku psikologisnya yang berbasis humanistik dan religious. Kedua, terwujudnya peluang penyempurnaan tingkahlaku psikologis yang berlandaskan pada aspek spiritual transendental dan ilmiah. Ketiga, terwujudnya peluang pengembangan bangunan ilmu yang menaruh perhatian pada aspek moralitas. Karna baginya, pengalaman puncak adalah menjadi lebih dari diri sendiri, lebih mewujudkan kemampuannya dengan sempurna, lebih dekat inti keberadaannya, dan lebih penuh sebagai manusia dan pengalaman puncak itu ada pada inti agama. Kata Kunci : Internalisasi. Nilai Pendidikan Abraham Maslow

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Sosteric ◽  
Gina Ratkovic

In 1943, Abraham Maslow presented a now widely accepted theory of human motivation. This theory was shortly represented by a now iconic Pyramid of Needs. Building upon the work of Abraham Maslow, this article rejects the pyramid of needs as an ideologically rooted, sanitized, and stripped-down version of Maslow’s nascent Eupsychian Theory. Instead, the article proposes a Circle of Seven Essential needs as the core of a sophisticated and integrative humanistic/transpersonal Euspychian theory of human development and human potential, a theory that Maslow was in the process of developing before his untimely death. As argued in the article, the Circle of Seven Essential Needs encourages us to develop a broad, holistic, and integrative view of human nature, human development and the role of human society more in line with Maslow’s thinking on human development and human potential.


2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-84
Author(s):  
Ana Honnacker

Humanism is charged with fostering a harmful anthropocentrism that has led to the exploitation of non-human beings and the environment. Posthumanist and transhumanist ideas prominently aim at rethinking our self-understanding and human-nature relations. Yet these approaches turn out to be flawed when it comes to addressing the challenges of the “age of the humanity”, the Anthropocene. Whereas posthumanism fails in acknowledging the exceptional role of human beings with regard to political agency and responsibility, transhumanism overemphasizes human capabilities of controlling nature and only deepens the human-nature dualism. Therefore, a critical and humble version of humanism is suggested as a viable alternative. Drawing on pragmatist thinkers William James and F.C.S. Schiller, a resource for de-centering the human being is provided that critically reflects our role in the larger ecosystem and underlines human potentials as well as human responsibilities.


Early China ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 113-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Rakita Goldin

This article discusses the several previously unknown Confucian texts discovered in 1993 in a Warring States tomb at Guodian, near Jingmen, Hubei Province. I believe that these works should be understood as doctrinal material deriving from a single tradition of Confucianism and datable to around 300 B.C. Of the surviving literature from the same period, they are closer to the Xunzi than to any other text, and anticipate several characteristic themes in Xunzi's philosophy. These are: the notion of human nature (xing 性),and the controversy over whether the source of morality is internar or “external”; the role of learning (xue 學)and habitual practice (xi 習) in moral development; the content and origin of ritual (li 禮), by which human beings accord with the Way; the conception of the ruler as the mind (xin 心) of the state; and the psychological utility of music (yue 樂) in inculcating proper values.It is especially important for scholars to take note of these connections with Xunzi, in view of the emerging trend to associate the Guodian manuscripts with Zisi, the famous grandson of Confucius, whom Xunzi bitterly criticized.


2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-149
Author(s):  
Gerald Filson

Human beings are conceptual in ways unique to our species, different in kind from animal rationality. Our conceptual capacity goes beyond the cognitive and shapes our emotions, our moral and spiritual capabilities and our perception of the world. That conceptual capacity is formed by culture and language where language plays a central role in how we experience the world. The role of language, especially spiritual or religious language, can inform our perception of the world in ways that represent genuine ‘spiritual perception’ of the material, social and spiritual dimensions of reality. Human beings’ conceptual capabilities are fallible, even in how we use perception as a capacity for knowing the world. Conditions in modernity have increased our vulnerability to fallibility. Consequently, collective exercise of our conceptual capacities in deliberation and coordinated assessments of reality are more necessary than ever. Science and religion are influential models of how collective deliberation, or consultation, enhances our conceptual capabilities and the ways in which perception takes in a world that is both material and spiritual.


2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Gassmann

AbstractThinkers in the Zhànguó period of Chinese history debated intensely whether men were by nature “good” or “bad”. This debate has for many years been an important focus of sinological interest, but usually these properties were not attributed to men, but rather to so-called “human nature” (xìng 性) – thus, in effect, mirroring well-known (and problematic) “European” positions and discussions. The aim of this paper is, on the one hand, to redirect attention to the original Zhànguó positions and to explore the reasons for their variance by offering novel and close historical readings of relevant passages, and on the other, to propose a viable historical reconstruction of the common anthropological assumptions underlying these positions by blending it with the traces of a dominant cognitive image present in the texts. This calls for a systematic rethinking of the role of hearts (in the plural), desires, and behavioural patterns in their interplay and as elements of a concept of the psychological build of human beings current in early China.


2010 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Rowland

Charles Darwin and C. G. Jung were revolutionary thinkers about the role of human beings in the natural world. While Darwin’s Origins of Species (1859) sought to remove both God and “man” from the centre of the understanding of nature, C. G. Jung, one generation later, aimed to remove the ego from the central definition of human nature. Although both theorists have been explored for their conceptual ideas, neither has been seriously considered as writers, and in particular as writers of nature and human nature. This paper shows how similar these authors are in treating the unknowable in the psyche and history as of major significance. In particular, both writers require the resources of ancient myth, especially of nature as an Earth Mother goddess in order to represent the inconceivable. The paper also looks at the new critical practice of “literary Darwinism,” which, while viable in its own terms, suffers from being neither “literary,” nor “Darwinian.”


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
erludu austriano gianini gomes

This study aims to determine the important role of the Guidance and Counseling teacher in the development of student character. Character is developed through stages of knowledge (knowing), implementation, and habits. Character is not limited to knowledge. Someone who has knowledge about goodness is not necessarily able to act in accordance with his knowledge, if not trained (become a habit) to do good. Character also reaches into the area of emotions and personal habits. This is needed so that students and / or other school members involved in the education system can simultaneously understand, feel, respect, and practice virtue (moral) values. Counseling teachers here are really needed in terms of Guidance and Counseling that can guide students in developing better characters, so they can become human beings with character. In the signs of organizing guidance and counseling in the formal path it is explained that the guidance and counseling services provided by the guidance and counseling teacher are in the context of service area assignments aimed at developing social care, developing positive emotional aspects, guiding students in guiding life lessons through taking decisions, choosing, achieving, and maintaining achievement. Teacher Guidance and Counseling must facilitate the development and growth of student character. This article is useful to add insight to the students of the Guidance and Counseling study program so that it can be a reference in developing the character of students in high school effectively.


2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-251
Author(s):  
Shan Gao ◽  

Transcendentalism and Confucianism involve different understandinsgs of the concepts of nature, wilderness, and supreme goodness in terms of the metaphysical understanding of nature and how it influences the understanding of human nature. The goodness of Tao is not transcendental as understood by transcendentalism. Rather the goodness of Tao as the important moral values is shaped by human beings’ experience of the natural world. It is this deeper philosophical reason why transcendentalism encourages the aesthetic appreciation of wilderness while Confucianism encourages the aesthetic appreciation of humanized nature.


2012 ◽  
Vol 164 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-205
Author(s):  
Janusz ŚWINIARSKI ◽  
Marian MARCINKOWSKI

At the beginning the authors present two opposing trends related to the understanding of the nature and the role of war in society: first, that these phenomena are embedded in the nature of human beings and humanity (which means that without war there is no human being, culture and civilization, its life, society or state, so war is natural and necessary for life); second, war is not embedded in human nature, is a distortion in community life and relations between people; this means that if wars occur, they show the degradation of human beings and society. These trends are observed in the eternal debate on war and the authors show numerous examples in which war is perceived in this way.


Author(s):  
Ramezan Mahdavi Azadboni

The significant role of moral values and moral commitments in human life is neglected neither by philosophers nor by psychologists. One of considerable points regarding the role and function of moral value concerns psychological function and achievement. This paper deals with the psychological role and function fulfilled by moral commitment. According to religious teachings psychological aspect of human life has connection with moral commitment. The writer attempts to explain how moral values and commitment could be related to psychological health. The discussion is confined to general understanding of moral values in all world religions but mostly the references are limited to Islamic teachings.   Keywords - moral, value, function, psychology


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