scholarly journals SISTEM PEMELIHARAAN BARANG TEMUAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahfudhan
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Property Theory ◽  
Legal Recognition ◽  
The Status ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Standard Rule ◽  
The Right

Abstract: The regulations of found property were not clearly described in the Indonesian constitution. As the legal protection in this country, it has not contributed to set the legislation in Indonesia. This research aimed to investigate the fundamental problems, the output of the found property theory and the importance of the standard rule of found property in the Indonesian constitution. The research findings indicated that the civil code assessed that the rights and obligations concerning the found property are obtained by controlling the status of objects. However, in Islamic law, the purpose of the controlling and belonging rights of found property was to protect someone’s right. It indicated that Islam does not differentiate the wealth identity (its advantage, size, value).  It also concerns with the status of people who find and own, and the right to control or obtain legal recognition of the property status. Abstrak: Peraturan tentang barang temuan masih sangat kabur dalam undang-undang Indonesia sebagai payung hukum di Negara Republik ini,  sampai saat ini belum memberi konstribusi dalam penetapan perundang-undangan di Indonesia. Penelitian pemeliharaan barang temuan ini bertujuan mencari jawaban dari permasalahan dasar, dan output dari teori barang temuan, serta dimana letak dasar penting adanya aturan yang baku terhadap barang temuan, khususnya dalam perundang-undangan di Indonesia. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, KUH Perdata menilai hak dan kewajiban menyangkut barang temuan diperoleh dengan cara menguasai tingkat status benda. Sementara dalam hukum Islam, tujuan utama yang diperhatikan mengenai hak menguasai dan hak memiliki atas barang temuan, pada dasarnya adalah untuk melindungi hak seseorang. Indikasi ini terlihat bahwa Islam tidak membedakan identitas harta (manfaat atau tidak, besar atau kecil, bernilai atau tidak), juga memperhatikan status orang yang menemukan dan yang memiliki; sekaligus hak menguasai atau mendapat pengakuan secara sah atas status barang yang dimaksud. KATA KUNCI: Sistem, Barang Temuan

scholarly journals Civil Rights Of Children Outside Married Due Isbat Nikah Of Polygamy (Analysis of Islamic Court of Rembang Decision No. 99 / Pdt.G / 2018 / PA.Rbg.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 617
Author(s):  
Rofi'atun Rofi'atun ◽  
Akhmad Khisni ◽  
Rozihan Rozihan
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Polygamous Marriage ◽  
Biological Children ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Right ◽  
Legal Marriage

This study discusses the civil rights of children outside the mating due to confirmation of marriage polygamy, Problems taken author in this thesis is how the legal protection of children outside marriage related his civil rights especially on custody of marriage and inheritance rights to men as fathers biological, because the Indonesian Constitution the Act of 1945 and other regulations related to children's rights requires such a case, article 28 B (2) the result of amendments to the Act of 1945 states "Every child has the right to live, grow and develop and is entitled to protection from violence and discrimination, as well as the norms of Islamic law every child born in the holy predicate attached to him (Fitrah), so that the civil rights of Islam also guaranteed, regardless of whether the child was born out of and / or as a result of a legal marriage or a result of Sirri Marriage.The research method used by writer is a normative juridical approach where the study was conducted based on legal materials main by way of studying the theories, concepts, principles of law, rule of law, court decisions and legislation relating to this study.The results showed that based on the decision number: 99 / Pdt.G / 2018 / PA.Rbg, in the case of confirmation polygamous marriage, civil rights children outside marriage (polygamy) or Sirri equal to the rights of children born and / or result polygamous marriage is official, so that the legal rights of children outside marriage in the decision on child custody and inheritance rights equal to other biological children were born of the first marriage. thus based on the decision of the civil rights of children protected by law, to get justice, and the certainty of the status and civil rights.Keywords: Civil Rights of Children Outside Marriage; Sirri Polygamy; Rights of Guardianship And Inheritance.

scholarly journals Akibat Hukum Anak yang Dilahirkan dalam Kawin Hamil

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
R. Tetuko Aryo Wibowo ◽  
Thohir Luth
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Marriage Law ◽  
Illegitimate Child ◽  
The Status ◽  
Legal Consequences

This study aimed to explore deeply about the legal consequences of children born as a result of married by accident. The method used is formative juridical with the main reference Article 53 Compilation of Islamic Law, Article 250 of the Civil Code, Article 42 of the Marriage Law, and the Al-Qur’an namely Surat Al Isra ‘verse 32. The results of the study indicate that based on Compilation of Islamic Law, Article 250 of the Civil Code, and Article 42 of the Marriage Law, the legal status of a child resulting from a married by accident is a legitimate child, so it has the descent, inheritance rights, and guardianship rights of both parents. However, based on the Qur’an and the opinion of jumhur ulama, the legal status of a child resulting from the married by accident depends on the length of birth from the time of marriage. If more than six months old, the child’s status is legitimate so that he is entitled to both parents. If it is less than six months, then the status is an illegitimate child, so that he is only entitled to his mother from the descent, guardianship rights, and inheritance rights.

scholarly journals Authorities and Officials of the Prosecutor’s Office as Subjects of Protection and Subjects of Violation of the Constitutional Right of Citizens to Petition

Lex Russica ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
I. V. Timoshenko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Public Power ◽  
The Status ◽  
Effective Instrument ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Constitutional Right ◽  
Objective Side ◽  
Administrative Code ◽  
The Right

The paper analyzes the status of bodies and officials of the prosecutor’s office as subjects of protection and subjects of violation of the constitutional right of citizens of Russia to petition as bodies exercising public power, whereas the very norm-principle of the basic Russian law on the right of citizens to petition is considered both as a constitutional right and as a constitutional safeguard. The author identifies the main practical problems, legal gaps and conflicts of law when citizens implement their constitutional right to petition and their reasons. The author proposes options for their elimination at the law-making and law-enforcement levels. It is noted that article 5.59 of the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offences from 2011 providing administrative liability for violation of established procedure of consideration of citizens’ petitions, despite being a very effective instrument for the legal protection of the right under consideration, needs to be adjusted because its discretionary part contains only general language and does not reveal the objective side of this administrative offence. At the same time, prosecutor’s offices have long developed a certain practice concerning the application of Art. 5.59 of the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation as a means of public and legal protection of the violated right of citizens to petition. However, what should be done if the right of citizens to petition is violated by the prosecutors themselves with their special status as subjects of the offense, whereas it is the exclusive competence of prosecutors by operation of law to initiate cases under Art. 5.59 of the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation? The paper is devoted to the search for the answer to this question.

scholarly journals Akibat Hukum Pengangkatan Anak menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Adawiyah Nasution
Keyword(s):  
Child Protection ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Adoptive Parents ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Adopted Children ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
The Right

<h1>The purpose of this study is to assess the legal provisions of the children under Law No. 23 of 2002 and to explain the consequences of the child's adoption law. In addition, to know the legal protection of adopted children under the Child Protection Act is reviewed from Islamic Law Preformance law Practice in Indonesia. To examine the matter, a descriptive study was conducted with a normative juridical approach that was conducted only on the written rules. The collection of data is derived from the literature research and supported field research studies on the appointment of Court and Civil registry office. Primary data collection tools are informant with the interview guidelines whereas data analysis is done with a qualitative approach using the logical and inductive thinking logic in the field of law. In the content of this article shows that, firstly, the consequences of child adoption generally arise with the appointment of a court by not deciding the adoption of adopted children with their biological parents, which switching is the right of custody. In the case of inheritance, the appointment of children based on the determination of the Court of Justice is entitled to the inheritance of his adoptive parents based on wills. Thirdly, with the determination of the adoption of children from the courts, the consequence is the protection of adopted children can be assured of the custody of the law and the inheritance of its adoptive parents.</h1><h1> </h1>

An analysis of the right of Muslim adopted children to inherit from their deceased parents in terms of the law of succession: A South African case study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-73
Author(s):  
Muneer Abduroaf
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Adopted Children ◽  
The South ◽  
Legal Context ◽  
Muslim Children ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Right ◽  
Law Of Succession

This paper analyses the right of Muslim adopted children to inherit from their deceased parents in terms of the laws of succession within the South African legal context. The status of adoption in South African and Islamic law is looked at first by way of an introduction. This is followed by looking at the rights of adopted Muslim children to inherit from their deceased parents (biological and adoptive) in terms of the South African and Islamic laws of intestate (compulsory) and then testate (optional) succession.1 The paper further looks at the possibility of applying relevant Islamic law of succession provisions applicable to enable adopted Muslim children to inherit from the estate of their deceased biological parents within the South African legal framework. The paper concludes with an analysis of the findings and makes a recommendation.

scholarly journals HAK KEWARISAN BAGI AHLI WARIS YANG MELAKUKAN OPERASI PENYESUAIAN KELAMIN GANDA (KHUNTSA) DALAM TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Wiwit Widya Wirawati ◽  
Abdullah Kelib
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
The Status ◽  
Approach Method ◽  
The Right ◽  
Double Sex

<p>ABSTRACT<br />Allah SWT has set the rules on the issue of inheritance clearly and firmly in Al-Qur'an Surah An-Nisa article 11. It explains about the division of inheritance based on male and female sex, that is 2:1 (Das Sollen). But in fact there is a group of people called Khuntsa (double sex). Neither in Al-Qur‘an nor Hadist explains the provisions of inheritance for khuntsa heirs and the large number of parts they receive (Das Sein). The formulation of the problem in this study is how inheritance for the heirs who perform double genital surgery (khuntsa) according to KHI and how the right should be given to the heirs who perform<br />double genital adjustment surgery (khuntsa) in accordance with Islamic Law. <br />This research uses juridical normative approach method with analytical descriptive research specification. Sources and types of data are secondary data obtained from Islamic legal norms on inheritance and khuntsa obtained from Al-Quran, Hadist, KHI, and fuqaha and experts opinions in various literature on inheritance and khuntsa. <br />Based on the research result, khuntsa inheritance right is not regulated in KHI.<br />Theredore if khuntsa conducts genital adjustment surgery, and get the clarity of its legal status hence its right of inheritance is as specified in Article 176 KHI. The provision of inheritance for khuntsa heirs in Islamic Law is khuntsa first predicted as male then female.<br />Khuntsa and other heirs share the smallest and most convincing estimates, while the remaining doubts are held until the status of the khuntsa law is clear. If the khuntsa matter is clear, the acceptance of all the heirs is perfected by adding share to those who are reduced according to the acceptance they should receive. In the future, the formulation of KHI should regulate the right of khuntsa inheritance along with the amount of the inheritance received.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals POLITIK HUKUM PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN TERHADAP ANAK LUAR NIKAH

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-126
Author(s):  
Muammar Rachman
Keyword(s):  
Judicial Review ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Marriage Law ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Status

The formation of the 1974 Marriage Law is based on Islamic Law, which became a problem when the Constitutional Court gave a decision on the judicial review of the Marriage Law with a decision that was considered by the public that the decision was against Islamic law. The research problem in this article is, How is the Politics of Law in the Reform of Legislation in the Post-Constitutional Court Ruling on Marriage related to the status of children outside of marriage? Does the Constitutional Court Decision No 46 / PUU-VII / 2010 contradict Islamic law?The research approach used in this research is normative juridical. The results of the study indicate that children who are born must receive legal protection. If this is not the case, then the children who are born outside of marriage will suffer losses. The relationship between the child and the father does not only occur because of a legal marriage, but can also be based on evidence of a blood relationship between the child and the boy as the father. This is because birth is a legal result of a legal relationship in which there are reciprocal rights and obligations between the child, mother and father. This decision refers, because there is a relationship that is carried out without any legal conditions for marriage, both religiously and in a state, so that it does not cause harm which implies a child who has not done anything wrong. In conclusion, the Constitutional Court granted the renewal of the norm in article 43 of the Marriage Law No. 1 of 1974, which is to provide constitutional rights for children born out of wedlock whether born from a legally valid marriage or not. The decision of the Constitutional Court related to the addition of article 43 paragraph (1) of this marriage law is still in the spirit of Islam as the struggle of Muslims to be able to apply their religious values in this law is not only legally religiously or nationally. Abstrak Pembentukan Undang-Undang (UU) Perkawinan Tahun 1974 berdasarkan Hukum Islam, menjadi permasalahan saat Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK) memutuskan judicial review atas UU perkawinan, bagi masyarakat bertentangan dengan hukum Islam. Permasalahan penelitian ini,  Bagaimana Politik Hukum dalam Pembaharuan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan dalam UU Perkawinan Pasca Putusan MK terkait dengan status anak diluar nikah? Apakah Putusan MK No 46/PUU-VII/2010 bertentangan dengan hukum Islam? Pendekatan penelitian ini yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menguraikan, anak yang lahir harus mendapat perlindungan hukum. Jika tidak, yang dirugikan adalah anak yang dilahirkan diluar perkawinan. hubungan anak dengan bapak tidak semata-mata terjadi karena adanya sebuah perkawinan yang sah, tapi berdasar pembuktian adanya hubungan darah antara anak dan laki-laki sebagai bapak. Hal ini karena kelahiran adalah akibat hukum dari hubungan hukum yang terdapat hak dan kewajiban secara timbal balik. Putusan ini mengacu, sebab adanya hubungan yang dilakukan tanpa adanya syarat pernikahan yang sah, baik secara agamadan negara, sehingga tidak menimbulkan kerugian yang berimplikasi pada anak yang tidak melakukan kesalahan. Pembaharuan norma dalam pasal 43 UU  Perkawinan No. 1 Tahun 1974, memberikan hak konstitusional  anak yang dilahirkan di luar nikah baik yang lahir dari pernikahan yang sah secara agama atau tidak. Putusan MK terkait penambahan pasal 43 ayat (1) UU perkawinan masih bernafaskan Islam sesuai perjuangan ummat Islam untuk dapat menjalankan nilai-nilai agamanya dalam UU ini hannya tidak sah secara agama  dan Negara.

scholarly journals MARGINALISASI PEREMPUAN DALAM PERKAWINAN (TELAAH ATAS NIKAH SIRRI DAN NIKAH ANAK DI BAWA USIA PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-164
Author(s):  
Nursalam Rahmatullah
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Child Marriage ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Marital Problems ◽  
Normative Approach ◽  
The Status ◽  
Age Of Marriage ◽  
Legal Sociology

Marginalization of women in marriage is an issue that always invites debate among Islamic law thinkers, given the ever-changing social conditions of society so that the laws and regulations governing marital problems underwent the first amendment in 2019. This paper focuses on how the position of women in unregistered marriages and child marriages in Islamic law perspective. With a normative approach and legal sociology, this paper confirms a conclusion that the position of women in unregistered marriages and child marriages is very vulnerable to obtaining legal certainty and justice. Even though it is said that child marriage in under age, the original law is permissible according to Islamic law, but it does not mean that it is absolutely permissible for all women in all circumstances. Because in some women there are several conditions that indicate that it is better for her not to marry at an early age. Likewise, unregistered marriages are legally valid according to Islamic law because they have fulfilled the requirements and pillars of marriage, but have not received recognition from the state which results in legal uncertainty for the status of marriage and children born from the marriage. Therefore, Indonesia as a state of law, regulates matters relating to this matter. Namely by requiring the registring of every marriage held and amending the articles of legislation governing the provisions of the age of marriage in order to ensure legal protection and benefit for the parties bound in a marriage bond, especially for wives and children born from marriages. Abstrak Marginalisasi perempuan dalam perkawinan merupakan isu yang selalu mengundang perdebatan di kalangan pemikir hukum Islam, mengingat kondisi sosial masyarakat yang selalu berubah sehingga peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur masalah perkawinan mengalami amandemen pertama pada tahun 2019.  Tulisan ini fokus pada bagaimana kedudukan perempuan dalam nikah sirri dan nikah anak di bawah usia dalam perspektif hukum Islam. Dengan pendekatan normativitas dan sosiologi hukum tulisan ini menegaskan suatu kesimpulan bahwa kedudukan perempuan dalam perkawinan sirri dan perkawinan anak di bawah usia sangatlah rentan untuk memperoleh kepastian dan keadilan hukum. Sekalipun dikatakan bahwa perkawinan anak di bawah usia, hukum asalnya diperbolehkan menurut syariat Islam, tetapi tidak berarti ia di bolehkan secara mutlak bagi semua perempuan dalam semua keadaan. Sebab pada sebagian perempuan terdapat beberapa kondisi yang menunjukkan bahwa lebih baik ia tidak menikah pada usia dini. Begitupun dengan nikah sirri yang hukumnya sah menurut syariat Islam karena telah memenuhi syarat-syarat dan rukun nikah, akan tetapi tidak memperoleh pengakuan dari negara yang mengakibatkan ketidakpastian hukum bagi status perkawinan dan anak yang lahir dari perkawinan tersebut. Oleh karenanya Indonesia sebagai negara hukum, mengatur hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan hal ini. Yaitu dengan mengharuskan pencatatan terhadap setiap perkawinan yang diselenggarakan serta mengamandemen pasal-pasal peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur tentang ketentuan umur perkawinan guna menjamin perlindungan hukum dan kemaslahatan bagi pihak-pihak yang terikat dalam suatu ikatan perkawinan, khususnya bagi istri dan anak yang lahir dari perkawinan tersebut.

Implementation of the Right to Inheritance: Problems of Theory and Practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 203-220
Author(s):  
Svitlana S. Bychkova ◽  
Nataliia V. Bilianska ◽  
Tetiana R. Fedosieieva
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Right

Abstract The article is devoted to the research into problematic aspects of exercising the right of inheritance by different categories of entities. As a result of the research conducted, recommendations for improvements to Ukrainian legislation have been developed. The status of a child born after 10 months and as a result of the use of assisted reproductive technologies after the death of one spouse should be determined at the legislative level. It also would be expedient in the Civil Code of Ukraine to fix the testator’s rights to settle the issue of birth of his children in the will through the use of assisted reproductive technologies after his death and to appoint such children as heirs. In addition, the Civil Code of Ukraine should provide for the possibility of individuals recognised as missing, to be heirs, and to secure the right to have a guardian over the property of such persons.

How Conditional Amnesties Can Assist Transitional Societies in Delivering on the Right to the Truth

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Julian Sarkin
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Transitional Societies ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Right ◽  
Legal Consequences ◽  
Made In

This article explores how conditional amnesties can assist post-conflict societies to recover truth. It examines how such amnesties can be used optimally to achieve the best results as part of transitional justice mechanisms. Thus, a central question is to see how amnesties can be used for truth recovery purposes. For that reason, the status and role of amnesties, and whether such amnesties can be used to learn more about the past and assist in truth recovery is explored. The article explores what amnesties are, how prevalent they are and how amnesties can be used optimally to achieve the best results. An issue that is also explored is whether amnesties are needed for perpetrators to participate in transitional justice mechanisms. The argument that is made, in this regard, is that amnesty is absolutely necessary to persuade perpetrators to testify. If they do not have such legal protection, perpetrators fear the legal consequences that may result if they admit to crimes for which they have not been charged. Another question that is examined concerns whether amnesties, and specifically conditional amnesties, pass international law muster. This article therefore investigates the continual and extensive use of amnesty to determine whether a conditional amnesty violates international law. The article suggests how a conditional amnesty process could be structured and what difficulties such a process should avoid if perpetrators are to enter such a process.

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