scholarly journals Assessment of microbial biomass pool in chronosequence coal mine spoil used as biomarker of mine spoil genesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agrawal Payal ◽  
Maharana Jitesh Kumar ◽  
Patel Amiya Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Land Degradation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Mine Spoil ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Soil Features ◽  
Over Time

Extensive coal mining activities result mine spoil generation dumped in form of overburdens altering biogeochemical cycles and land degradation. Mine spoil generated after post-mining activities associated with heavy metal toxicity inhibit microbial growth. Being deficient in available nutrients due to lack of biologically rich topsoil, mine spoil represents a disequilibrated geomorphic system and poses problems for revegetation and restoration of coal mine spoil. Mine spoil genesis influencing ecosystem functionality demands physicochemical characterization and spatial distribution of microbial biomass pool in chronosequence coal mine spoil. Progressive improvement in clay, hydrological regimes, OC, TN and EP microbial biomass pool and BSR over time was evident from the study. Time dependent increase in integrating quotients was used to monitor the progress of mine spoil genesis. Decline in microbial metabolic quotient over time revealed the progress of mine spoil genesis. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed the contribution of physicochemical attributes influencing variability in microbial biomass. The shift in physicochemical properties and microbial biomass correlated well with the extent of land degradation, which can be used as effective biomarkers for monitoring the pace and progress of mine spoil genesis. The fresh coal mine spoil to attain soil features of nearby forest soil through mine spoil genesis shall take approximately 29.15 years. The study paves the way of greater understanding not only in the direction to design appropriate management strategies for ecosystem restoration but also to improve soil quality for sustainable development.

scholarly journals Augmenting the Clinical Data Sources for Enigmatic Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study of Self-Tracking Data and Clinical Documentation in Endometriosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (05) ◽  
pp. 769-784
Author(s):  
Ipek Ensari ◽  
Adrienne Pichon ◽  
Sharon Lipsky-Gorman ◽  
Suzanne Bakken ◽  
Noémie Elhadad
Keyword(s):  
Additional Data ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Daily Function ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Self-tracking through mobile health technology can augment the electronic health record (EHR) as an additional data source by providing direct patient input. This can be particularly useful in the context of enigmatic diseases and further promote patient engagement. Objectives This study aimed to investigate the additional information that can be gained through direct patient input on poorly understood diseases, beyond what is already documented in the EHR. Methods This was an observational study including two samples with a clinically confirmed endometriosis diagnosis. We analyzed data from 6,925 women with endometriosis using a research app for tracking endometriosis to assess prevalence of self-reported pain problems, between- and within-person variability in pain over time, endometriosis-affected tasks of daily function, and self-management strategies. We analyzed data from 4,389 patients identified through a large metropolitan hospital EHR to compare pain problems with the self-tracking app and to identify unique data elements that can be contributed via patient self-tracking. Results Pelvic pain was the most prevalent problem in the self-tracking sample (57.3%), followed by gastrointestinal-related (55.9%) and lower back (49.2%) pain. Unique problems that were captured by self-tracking included pain in ovaries (43.7%) and uterus (37.2%). Pain experience was highly variable both across and within participants over time. Within-person variation accounted for 58% of the total variance in pain scores, and was large in magnitude, based on the ratio of within- to between-person variability (0.92) and the intraclass correlation (0.42). Work was the most affected daily function task (49%), and there was significant within- and between-person variability in self-management effectiveness. Prevalence rates in the EHR were significantly lower, with abdominal pain being the most prevalent (36.5%). Conclusion For enigmatic diseases, patient self-tracking as an additional data source complementary to EHR can enable learning from the patient to more accurately and comprehensively evaluate patient health history and status.

Colloidal metal transport in soils developing on historic coal mine spoil

2021 ◽  
pp. 104933
Author(s):  
Md Abu Raihan Chowdhury ◽  
David M. Singer ◽  
Elizabeth Herndon
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
Metal Transport ◽  
Mine Spoil ◽  
Colloidal Metal

scholarly journals Land Degradation Vulnerability Mapping in a Newly-Reclaimed Desert Oasis in a Hyper-Arid Agro-Ecosystem Using AHP and Geospatial Techniques

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1426
Author(s):  
Ahmed S. Abuzaid ◽  
Mohamed A. E. AbdelRahman ◽  
Mohamed E. Fadl ◽  
Antonio Scopa
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Land Degradation ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Western Desert ◽  
Soil Quality Index ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Sensing Data

Modelling land degradation vulnerability (LDV) in the newly-reclaimed desert oases is a key factor for sustainable agricultural production. In the present work, a trial for usingremote sensing data, GIS tools, and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was conducted for modeling and evaluating LDV. The model was then applied within 144,566 ha in Farafra, an inland hyper-arid Western Desert Oases in Egypt. Data collected from climate conditions, geological maps, remote sensing imageries, field observations, and laboratory analyses were conducted and subjected to AHP to develop six indices. They included geology index (GI), topographic quality index (TQI), physical soil quality index (PSQI), chemical soil quality index (CSQI), wind erosion quality index (WEQI), and vegetation quality index (VQI). Weights derived from the AHP showed that the effective drivers of LDV in the studied area were as follows: CSQI (0.30) > PSQI (0.29) > VQI (0.17) > TQI (0.12) > GI (0.07) > WEQI (0.05). The LDV map indicated that nearly 85% of the total area was prone to moderate degradation risks, 11% was prone to high risks, while less than 1% was prone to low risks. The consistency ratio (CR) for all studied parameters and indices were less than 0.1, demonstrating the high accuracy of the AHP. The results of the cross-validation demonstrated that the performance of ordinary kriging models (spherical, exponential, and Gaussian) was suitable and reliable for predicting and mapping soil properties. Integrated use of remote sensing data, GIS, and AHP would provide an effective methodology for predicting LDV in desert oases, by which proper management strategies could be adopted to achieve sustainable food security.

scholarly journals Biogeochemical Controls on the Potential for Long-Term Contaminant Leaching from Soils Developing on Historic Coal Mine Spoil

Soil Systems ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
David Singer ◽  
Elizabeth Herndon ◽  
Laura Zemanek ◽  
Kortney Cole ◽  
Tyler Sanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Mineral Weathering ◽  
Mine Spoil ◽  
Secondary Phases ◽  
Undisturbed Soil

Coal mine spoil is widespread in US coal mining regions, and the potential long-term leaching of toxic metal(loid)s is a significant and underappreciated issue. This study aimed to determine the flux of contaminants from historic mine coal spoil at a field site located in Appalachian Ohio (USA) and link pore water composition and solid-phase composition to the weathering reaction stages within the soils. The overall mineralogical and microbial community composition indicates that despite very different soil formation pathways, soils developing on historic coal mine spoil and an undisturbed soil are currently dominated by similar mineral weathering reactions. Both soils contained pyrite coated with clays and secondary oxide minerals. However, mine spoil soil contained abundant residual coal, with abundant Fe- and Mn- (oxy)hydroxides. These secondary phases likely control and mitigate trace metal (Cu, Ni, and Zn) transport from the soils. While Mn was highly mobile in Mn-enriched soils, Fe and Al mobility may be more controlled by dissolved organic carbon dynamics than mineral abundance. There is also likely an underappreciated risk of Mn transport from coal mine spoil, and that mine spoil soils could become a major source of metals if local biogeochemical conditions change.

Soil constraints affecting the forest-biological recultivation of coal-mine spoil banks in Bulgaria

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sv. Gentcheva-Kostadinova ◽  
E. Zheleva ◽  
R. Petrova ◽  
Martin J. Haigh
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
Mine Spoil ◽  
Soil Constraints ◽  
Spoil Banks

Ex Post Contract Market Structure: Implications for Performance Over Time

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 588-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia L. Carboni
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
State Level ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Contract Management ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Structural Embeddedness ◽  
Contract Performance ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Structural Variables ◽  
Over Time

Government increasingly relies on complex arrangements of providers to deliver public services. There is burgeoning public administration literature on contract management and performance. This literature emphasizes contract management strategies such as contract design and ex post monitoring and relationship building to promote contractor performance. The literature does not examine effects of structural variables on contract performance in ex post contract markets, though work on interorganizational networks has long established that structural factors influence individual performance. This study examines the influence of structural variables on publicly funded contract performance in networked structures of exchange using 5 years of state-level contract data. Network concepts are used to develop contracts as networked exchange structures and develop measures of structural embeddedness for individual programs. Findings include that the structural embeddedness of individual programs influences individual contract performance on quality and cost dimensions over time.

scholarly journals Microbial Utilisation of Aboveground Litter-Derived Organic Carbon Within a Sandy Dystric Cambisol Profile

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Preusser ◽  
Patrick Liebmann ◽  
Andres Stucke ◽  
Johannes Wirsching ◽  
Karolin Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Beech Forest ◽  
Stable Isotope Labelling ◽  
C Stocks ◽  
Microbial Groups ◽  
Aboveground Litter ◽  
Over Time

Litter-derived dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is considered to be a major source of stabilised C in soil. Here we investigated the microbial utilisation of litter-derived DOC within an entire soil profile using a stable isotope labelling experiment in a temperate beech forest. The natural litter layer of a Dystric Cambisol was replaced by 13C enriched litter within three areas of each 6.57 m−2 for 22 months and then replaced again by natural litter (switching-off the 13C input). Samples were taken continuously from 0 to 180 cm depths directly after the replacement of the labelled litter, and 6 and 18 months thereafter. We followed the pulse of 13C derived from aboveground litter into soil microorganisms through depth and over time by analysing 13C incorporation into microbial biomass and phospholipid fatty acids. Throughout the sampling period, most of the litter-derived microbial C was found in the top cm of the profile and only minor quantities were translocated to deeper soil. The microbial 13C stocks below 30 cm soil depth at the different samplings accounted constantly for only 6–12% of the respective microbial 13C stocks of the entire profile. The peak in proportional enrichment of 13C in subsoil microorganisms moved from upper (≤ 80 cm soil depth) to lower subsoil (80–160 cm soil depth) within a period of 6 months after switch-off, and nearly disappeared in microbial biomass after 18 months (< 1%), indicating little long-term utilisation of litter-derived C by subsoil microorganisms. Among the different microbial groups, a higher maximum proportion of litter-derived C was found in fungi (up to 6%) than in bacteria (2%), indicating greater fungal than bacterial dependency on litter-derived C in subsoil. However, in contrast to topsoil, fungi in subsoil had only a temporarily restricted increase in litter C incorporation, while in the Gram-positive bacteria, the C incorporation in subsoil raised moderately over time increasingly contributing to the group-specific C stock of the entire profile (up to 9%). Overall, this study demonstrated that microorganisms in topsoil of a Dystric Cambisol process most of the recently deposited aboveground litter C, while microbial litter-derived C assimilation in subsoil is low.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document