scholarly journals The human need for recognition of meanings in the communicative environment

Servis plus ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
Виктор Ильин ◽  
Viktor Il’in ◽  
Азер Мамедов ◽  
Azer Mamedov ◽  
Елена Бирюкова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Process ◽  
Cultural Model ◽  
Formal Organization ◽  
Direct Speech ◽  
Human Need ◽  
Ideological Background ◽  
Epistemological Basis ◽  
The Way

Understanding is a cognitive mental process of signification resources of hermeneutics. Special attention is paid to the evaluation of such components of this process, as the recognition of meanings in the communicative environment; organization of texts; the dimension of the situation; the appeal to super-texts varieties. Authors emphasize that the formal organization of the text is controlled with canons of the intra-system logic focusing on implementation of prosaic or poetic works. The first are distinguished by direct speech; the second are returnable, rhythmic way of forming of the speech with periodic repetitions, interfaces, similarity of the alternating ranks. The article also pays attention to the plot, representing the way of content disclosure, subject expansion, a plot statement through explanation of system of actions – intellectual, behavioral movements during the narration about happening. There is a general cultural model aligning "the fact with the deep ideological background", – the outlined circle of the phenomena (ontological basis) is linked to a creative manner of its primary development (epistemological basis). The categorical areas entering extremely wide types of a world perception are so formatted and reformatted: causalism, teleology, functionalism, historicism, probabilism, etc.

Speech Acts by the Governor Candidates of North Sumatera in Political Debates

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidya Dwi Amalia Zati ◽  
Sumarsih Sumarsih ◽  
Lince Sihombing
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Direct Speech ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
The Way ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

The objectives of the research were to describe the types of speech acts used in televised political debates of governor candidates of North Sumatera, to derive the dominant type of speech acts used in televised political debates of governor candidates of North Sumatera and to elaborate the way of five governor candidates of North Sumatera use speech acts in televised political debates. This research was conducted by applying descriptive qualitative research. The findings show that there were only four types of speech acts used in televised political debates, Debat Pemilukada Sumatera Utara and Uji Publik Cagub dan Cawagub Sumatera Utara, they were assertives, directives, commissives and expressives. The dominant type of speech acts used in both televised political debates was assertives, with 82 utterances or 51.6% in Debat Pemilukada Sumatera Utara and 36 utterances or 41.37% in Uji Publik Cagub dan Cawagub Sumatera Utara. The way of governor candidates of North Sumatera used speech acts in televised political debates is in direct speech acts, they spoke straight to the point and clearly in order to make the other candidates and audiences understand their utterances.   Keywords: Governor Candidate; Political Debate; Speech Acts

Showing versus telling

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosario Caballero
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Description ◽  
Motion Events ◽  
Direct Speech ◽  
Fictional Narrative ◽  
Fictional Narratives ◽  
Speech Events ◽  
The Way

In this paper I provide a qualitative description of the verbs used to introduce Direct Speech (DS) in fictional narratives written in English and their Spanish translations in order to compare the way these two languages reconstruct speech events in texts by means of both speech verbs (e.g. say/decir, counter/argumentar, declare/manifestar) and non-speech verbs (e.g. grin/sonreír, scowl/fruncir el ceño). Using a corpus of popular fictional narrative genres and drawing upon typological research on motion after the work by Talmy (1985, 1988, 1991) and Slobin (1996a, 1996b, 2004, 2005, 2006). I look into the strategies used in English and Spanish for recreating speech events in order to explore whether the typological differences between these languages are replicated in the case of speech. The hypothesis is that, contrary to what happens with motion events, the differences between English and Spanish do not rest upon lexical availability but, rather, on the weight placed in different speech elements in agreement with two different agendas regarding speech events. While congruent with typological studies, this piece of research attempts to broaden their scope and explore a topic still underexplored.

scholarly journals Corpus Methodologies in Literary Translation Studies: An Analysis of Speech Verbs in Four Spanish Translations of Hard Times

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Ruano
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
Basic Function ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Original Novel ◽  
Direct Speech ◽  
Parallel Corpus ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
Hard Times ◽  
Do So ◽  
The Way

In this article, speech verbs in Dickens’sHard Times(1854) and their translation into Spanish are analyzed. Apart from their basic function of introducing speech, these verbs can also contribute to characterization. The regular occurrence of a particular speech verb to report the direct speech of a particular character helps to create a fictional personality. Given the important role they may play, the rendering of such verbs in four Spanish versions of this novel is assessed. To do so, a corpus-based methodology has been employed. A concordancing software was used to retrieve speech verbs from the original novel, allowing their close analysis in context. Then, using an aligned parallel corpus containing the four versions, a comparison was carried out to see how they have been rendered. Evidence is provided that none of the four translations entirely preserves the characterizing value of the verbs, which may affect the way readers form impressions of characters in their minds. The use of this corpus metholodogy is thus seen to contribute to the field of literary translation studies.

scholarly journals Instrumentalundervisningens problem – en kritik af fraværet af instrumentalpædagogisk grundlagsforskning

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Øyvind Lyngseth
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Philosophical Hermeneutics ◽  
Philosophical Inquiry ◽  
Constructive Discussion ◽  
Truth And Method ◽  
Epistemological Analysis ◽  
Epistemological Basis ◽  
The Way

AbstractThe article argues that there is a need for a thorough philosophical inquiry into the epistemological basis of instrumental teaching. This kind of inquiry has not previously been undertaken. The way in which practitioners within the instrumental-pedagogical field are often making subjective and individual references to taste (taste-argument) and tradition (tradition-argument) in order to legitimize the self-understanding of the instrumental-pedagogical field, is critiqued.  Hans-Georg Gadamer’s Philosophical Hermeneutics and his opus magnum, Truth and Method, are primarily informing the hermeneutical and epistemological analysis and critique of the instrumental-pedagogical praxis. The aim of the article is not only to point to the absence of epistemological research, but also to sketch the foundation for a future constructive discussion about the cultivation of critical self-understanding of the instrumental-pedagogical field. 

scholarly journals KEINDAHAN SEBAGAI ELEMEN SPIRITUAL PERSPEKTIF ISLAM TRADISIONAL

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andi Herawati
Keyword(s):  
Spiritual Journey ◽  
True Self ◽  
False Self ◽  
Human Need ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Traditional Islam ◽  
The Way

Beauty for most part eventually seen as the science of form, more than that is of the essential part of human living and the way we look at it by the time become more discern as it invites the philosophical vibration. It becomes a consiousness through the questions about the creation of the cosmos and meditation upon the Almighty. Whether aware or not, human need beauty through out their living, at the same time is a spiritual journey. Beauty in Traditional Islam is also able to ascending human, create the the awareness of plurality, and at the last it aso to born out the sense of the Sacred manifested thorugh the form of art, culture, calligraphy, and the whole cosmos. At last, beauty has its role in spiritual journey through self emptiness, from the false self to the true self.

scholarly journals A Cognitive Basis for Choosing a Solmization System

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary S. Karpinski
Keyword(s):  
Music Perception ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Mental Process ◽  
Listening Skills ◽  
Tonal Music ◽  
Conscious Effort ◽  
Fundamental Process ◽  
The Way

This article focuses on the perception and cognition involved in music listening skills as essential criteria in selecting solmization systems. Drawing on many aural key-identification studies performed by various researchers, and on the model for music perception developed by Karpinski (".fn_cite_year($karpinski_1990).") and formalized in Karpinski (".fn_cite_year($karpinski_2000)."), it concludes that the first and most fundamental process listeners carry out while attending to the pitches of tonal music is tonic inference. In addition, a tonic is inferable without reference to a complete diatonic pitch collection. Melodies that are unambiguous with regard to their tonic might never employ all seven diatonic pitch classes, they might state those pitch classes only gradually, or they might even change the collection without changing tonic. Nonetheless, listeners are able to infer tonics quickly and dynamically under any of the above conditions. According to Butler (".fn_cite_year($butler_1992).", 119), “listeners make assessments of tonal center swiftly and apparently without conscious effort” certainly well in advance of inferring or perceiving entire diatonic pitch collections. This article examines the means through which do-based minor movable-do solmization most closely models this mental process and contrasts that with la-based minor and its inherent inability to model the pitches of a musical passage until all seven of its diatonic members are explicitly stated (or at least implicitly present). This is not to say that la-based minor is ineffective, but simply that do-based minor most closely reflects and represents the way listeners infer tonality.

Indexing narrative metalepsis in German conversational story-telling

Pragmatics ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Bücker
Keyword(s):  
Extended Version ◽  
Story Telling ◽  
Direct Speech ◽  
Du Bois ◽  
Powerful Means ◽  
Point Of Reference ◽  
The Way

The purpose of this study is to show that direct speech in narratives introduced by “von wegen” (‘like’) and “nach dem Motto” (‘along the lines of’) can be analyzed as a powerful means to transform a stretch of talk into a massive “stance index” which transcends the boundaries between the narrator’s world and the narrated world in terms of narrative metalepsis. “Von wegen” and “nach dem Motto” are non-canonical reporting frames which are syntactically flexible and semantically facilitate a transformation of direct speech into a “category-animation”. For these reasons, they can be employed spontaneously in spoken talk-in-interaction and make it possible to shape a stretch of direct speech creatively in order to position oneself, other discourse participants and narrated characters as committed or non-committed to what is seen to be a relevant normative point of reference. The way direct speech introduced by “von wegen” and “nach dem Motto” can be used to construct positions in order to evaluate discourse participants and narrated characters can be grasped schematically by means of a slightly revised and extended version of Du Bois’ “stance triangle”.

The Minimal Approval Account of Attributability

2019 ◽  
pp. 140-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
August Gorman
Keyword(s):  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Minimal Degree ◽  
Mental Process ◽  
Being Moved ◽  
The Way

This paper advances a new agentially undemanding account of the conditions of attributability, the Minimal Approval account, and argues that it has a number of advantages over traditional Deep Self theories, including the way in which it handles agents with conditions like addiction, Tourette syndrome, and misophonia. It is argued that in order for an agent to be attributionally responsible, the mental process that leads to her action must dispose her to be such that she would, upon reflection, approve to some minimal degree of being moved to action by the motive on which she in fact acts.

scholarly journals Cerebral systems in the pathogenesis of endogenous psychoses

1999 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 1046-1056
Author(s):  
ANIBAL SILVEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Transient Processes ◽  
Developmental Phase ◽  
Mental Process ◽  
Endogenous Psychoses ◽  
Mental Symptoms ◽  
Proper Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Description ◽  
Genetically Determined ◽  
The Way

Mental process imply a harmonious functioning of psychic systems, assembled into larger units, psychic spheres (Table 1). Their neurophysiological representatives are brain systems of areas and pathways (Figs 1-4). Under functional and/or organic disturbances these systems originate the leading mental symptoms (Table 2) characterizing the diverse endogenous psychoses: hence, the latter's distinctive patterns. Accordingly, understanding and classification of psychoses should rest on the pathogenic dynamisms, not on clinical description. This is why Kleist's and Leonhard's conceptions of the endogenous psychoses surpass any other to exist. Kleist stands among the founders of psychiatry, by describing the "degeneration psychoses" and many single psychoses, as well as redefining, isolating and clarifying the progressive ones, later on renamed as schizophrenias (Table 3). Such pathogenic criterion may also be useul to define mental conditions other than psychoses, as hysteria, neuroses and psychopathic inferiority (Tables 4 and 5). One should consider here, besides the psychic systems and spheres involved, the way they were caught and the corresponding developmental phase. In Kleist's "degeneration psychoses"- cyclic or episodic (Table 6) the systems and spheres are disturbed by functional transient processes due to latent dispositions, while his and Leonhard's schizophrenias (Table 7) show a rather progressive, deteriorating course. The nature of the disorder is itself genetically determined, as is either its confinement to one sphere or its spreading out. The spread out pattern, while exceptional in schizophrenia, represents a rule for the "degeneration psychoses", in discussant's mind. Both groups may have symptoms alike by involvement of the same sphere (Table 8), but proper diagnosis is reached by taking pathogenesis into consideration.

scholarly journals Issue of the truthfulness of the image of “Anohter” in imagology

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-76
Author(s):  
V.P. Trykov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Analytical Philosophy ◽  
Ideological Background ◽  
Classical Philosophy ◽  
Basic Ideas ◽  
Ideological Attitudes ◽  
The Way

The article examines the conceptual prerequisites and grounds of the imagological approach to the problem of the truthfulness of the image of the “Another”. It has been proved that the “indifference” of imagologists to this issue, putting it beyond the framework of the imagological research, is due to some basic ideas of post-structuralism: first of all to the idea of non-referential literature. The example of the comparative analysis of the views of two well-known structural scholars Yu.M. Lotman and R. Barthes revealed fundamental differences in their approach to the study of literature, reflecting the watershed between the traditional comparative studies and the imagology. The article shows that the attitude to the issue of truthfulness of the image of the “Another” largely depended on the ideological attitudes of scholars, their aesthetic views, on the way they answered more general questions: what is literature, what are its functions and relationship with reality, is there truth? The philosophical preconditions of ideological and methodological differences between Soviet and French scientists were revealed: Lotman’s orientation to the tradition of Hegelian teleology and dialectic, and Barthes – on the tradition of post-classical philosophy of F. Nietzsche, M. Heidegger, E. Husserl, analytical philosophy. The article explains the various concepts of realism in Yu.M. Lotman’s and R. Barthes’: it shows the historicity of Lotman’s interpretation of realism and the latent “ideology” of Barthes’s position. The consequences of the poststructuralist “turn” in the historical perspective, its ideological background are described. The article is concluded with the connection of imagology as a sphere of humanitarian knowledge with post-structuralism discourse, the ideas and rules of which it extrapolates to the study of the “Another”

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