scholarly journals Effect of raised bed, mulching and fertigation on productivity and quality of guava (Psidium guajava L.) under high density planting system

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 1387-1394
Author(s):  
K.K. Srivastava ◽  
◽  
P. Barman ◽  
P. Patil ◽  
D. Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
High Density ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Subtropical Climate ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Canopy Volume ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Raised Bed ◽  
Planting System

Aim: Increasing the input use efficiency by planting of guava on raised bed, mulched with black polythene sheet along with fertilizer application through drip and foliar spray of micro-nutrients (zinc and boron). Methodology: Experiment was carried out during 2015-2019 for mrig bahar crop in Lalit guava planted at 3 × 3 m spacing in ICAR-CISH, Lucknow with 5 different treatments (T1 = Raised bed +drip irrigation @ 80% PE + fertigation @ 75% RDF + mulching with 100µ black polythene + micro-nutrient spray in July and August @ 0.2% each of zinc sulphate and boric acid, T2 = Raised bed + drip irrigation + fertigation + mulching, T3 = Raised bed + drip irrigation + fertigation + micronutrient sprays, T4 = Raised bed + drip irrigation +micro-nutrient sprays + soil application of RDF @ 50:25:50 g N:P:K, T5 / control = Flat bed + soil application of RDF + basin irrigation). Results: Canopy volume, trunk-cross sectional area and yield were significantly increased in T1, which could be attributed to better microclimate in root zone, resulting in improved growth and yield. Interpretation: The findings of this research have generated the technique of improving space, water and nutrient use efficiency under high density planting system of guava cv. Lalit in subtropical climate which will help the guava growers for sustaining quality production.

scholarly journals Response of Irrigation and Mulching on Yield, Water Use Efficiency, Nutrient Use Efficiency and Economy of Mango Cv. Banganpalli in (Semiarid Region) Southern Telangana Region

2020 ◽  
pp. 215-224
Author(s):  
Guvvali Thirupathaiah ◽  
A. Bhagwan ◽  
A. Kiran Kumar ◽  
K. Avil Kumar ◽  
D. Vijaya
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Maximum Water ◽  
Use Efficiency

An investigation was carried out on sandy loam soils of semi arid regions of southern Telangana to analyze the potential of drip irrigation along with mulch on mango fruit yield, water and nutrient use efficiency. The treatments of present study were comprised of two levels mulching (M0-without mulch and M1-with mulching), with silver Polyethylene of 100 micron thickness were used and two levels of irrigation (I1 -75% and I2 100% ETc through drip), here irrigation levels and mulching together constituting four treatment combinations with five replications under 2x2 factorial randomized block design and the treatment combinations are: I1M0-75% ETc + No mulching, I1M1- 75% ETc + with mulch, I2M0- 100% ETc + No mulching and I2M1- 100 % ETc + with mulch.  The study revealed that drip irrigation 100% ETc along with silver polythene mulch showed better performance in terms of yield, water use efficiency, nutrient use efficiency as well as economics. Maximum yield of 89.11 kg tree-1 combination of 75 % ETc + with mulching has proven the maximum water use efficiency (5.54 g liter-1 water consumption) and fertilizers use efficiency (0.89 q kg-1 fertilizer application) however along with maximum net return of 400973. 90 rupees ha-1, net return of 346873.90 ha-1 per hectare and B: C ratio of 7.41 was recorded in I2M1 (100 % ETc + with mulch). So the experiment suggests that drip irrigation along with mulch has the potential to provide greater benefit by optimizing the use of water resources. But the interaction of 75 % ETc + with mulching has proven the maximum water use efficiency (6.28 g liter-1 water consumption).

scholarly journals Nutrient requirement, canopy development and fruit yield of high density guava (Psidium guajava L.) production in subtropics of Northern Karnataka

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 440-444
Author(s):  
Mushtaq ◽  
A. R. Kurubar  ◽  
M. R. Umesh ◽  
Shekharagouda Patil ◽  
Ashok Hugar
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
High Density ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Nutrient Requirement ◽  
Organic Manures ◽  
Canopy Volume

Nutrient requirement for guava under high density planting is much higher than normal planting. Combined application of organic manures and chemical fertilizers will enhance nutrient use efficiency. The field experiment was carried out at Raichur, Karnataka, India during 2017 to standardize rate of fertilizers and organic manures for Guava (Psidium guajava L.)  cv. Allahabad safeda under high density planting. Treatments consists of application of fertilizers for normal planting compared with 100:40:75 g NPK/plant as recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF), 75% and 50% of high density planting (HDP) along with 25 kg farmyard manure, organic manure alone and foliar application of urea @ 1 % at 2,3 and 4 months after pruning. Results indicated that application of NPK@ 235: 118: 120 g per plant as per the RDF for HDP along with 25 kg FYM has resulted in taller plants, plant spread E-W as well as N-S directions, canopy volume and leaf area index. Higher fruits/plant, average fruit weight, fruit diameter, fruit length, fruit yield per plant and fruit yield (48.58 t ha-1) was recorded by application of NPK@ 235: 118: 120 g per plant same as that of HDP along with 25 kg FYM. Application of 50 % of HDP recommendation along with foliar application of urea @ 1% at 2, 3 and 4 months after pruning and 25 kg FYM was also found effective in achieving higher fruit yield of guava.

scholarly journals Performance of Mulching and Fertigation on Nutrient Uptake and Nutrient Use Efficiency in Okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus L. Moench) for Seed Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
N. S. Nagegowda ◽  
S. Shankar Hebbar ◽  
V.M. Shilpashree
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Npk Uptake ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Soluble Fertilizer

Application of water soluble fertilizer @ T4-150:75:150 NPK kg/ha through fertigation either with mulch (14.05q/ha) or non-mulch (11.83q/ha) recorded significantly higher seed yield than fertilization through soil application (9.92 q/ha). The increased seed yield of 16.91 and 10.14 per cent was noticed in fertigation with mulch or without mulch treatment over soil application, respectively. NPK fertigation @150:75:150kg per ha with mulch (T4) resulted in higher NPK uptake in stem (63.49, 14.12&121.42 kg/ha), leaves (117.65 19.42&122.43 kg/ha) and in fruits (146.79 28.05&162.66 kg/ha), respectively than the fertilizer applied through soil at harvest. Maximum fertilizer use efficiency and water use efficiency were recorded in the treatment with integrated application of fertigation and mulch.

scholarly journals Growth, Yield and Nutrient Use Efficiency of Corchorus olitorius under Irrigated and Rain-fed Conditions in Northeastern Benin (West Africa)

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-44
Author(s):  
Sabaï Katé ◽  
Pierre G. Tovihoudji ◽  
Michel Batamoussi-Hermann ◽  
Elvire L. Sossa ◽  
Rodrigue Idohou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Corchorus Olitorius ◽  
Organic Manures ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency

Aims: Investigated the influence of organic manures (municipal solid waste compost [MSWC] and cow dung) and N-fertilizer on growth, yield and nutrient use efficiency of jute mallow (Corchorus olitorius L.) under two water regimes (rain-fed and irrigated). Study Design: Randomized complete block. Place and Duration of Study: Farm of Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Parakou, Northern Benin (latitude 09°20’16.8’’N and longitude 002°38’54’’ E, 353 m asl), during 2013 rainy (June to August) and dry seasons (October to December 2013). Methodology: Ten treatments derived from a factorial combination of five levels of organic manures (control, MSWC at 10 t/ha, MSWC at 20 t/ha, cow dung at 10 t/ha and cow dung at 20 t/ha) and two levels of N-fertilizer (0 kg and 50 kg urea/ha), arranged in a randomized complete block with three replicates were considered. Results: Results showed that water regime significantly (p<.001) affected growth and yield of jute mallow. In addition, the growth and yield parameters showed significant differences (p<.001) in relation to different rates of organic manures.  The integrated use of organic manure and urea increased plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, number of branches, leaf growth parameters and leaf yield. The maximum amount of leaf yield (7554.88 kg/ha) was obtained with 20 tons/ha of MSWC and 50 kg urea/ha. Conclusion: Fertilizer types also had highly significant effects on nutrient use efficiency. Application of these treatments could help to enhance yield and growth of the jute mallow.

scholarly journals Optimized Water and Fertilizer Management of Mature Jujube in Xinjiang Arid Area Using Drip Irrigation

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenhua Wang ◽  
Qingyong Bian ◽  
Jinzhu Zhang ◽  
Bo Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Fertilizer Efficiency ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Fertilizer Management ◽  
Flood Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Water Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

Studying water–fertilizer coupling effects in a drip irrigation system is critical for sustainable agricultural development in arid areas, such as that of Xinjiang in China, to find out the optimized water and fertilizer management. Therefore, a two-year field experiment was conducted to find out how the combination of three levels of irrigation quotas and three levels of fertilizer amounts would affect the physiological and growth indexes of jujube, as well as ascertain the differences between drip irrigation and flood irrigation. The results showed that the interacted and coupled effects of irrigation and fertilization influenced most of the physiological indicators and growth indexes. On the other hand, the physiological and growth indexes were increased after transferring flood irrigation to drip irrigation, as the maximum chlorophyll content (CC) and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) values increased on average by 6.00%, and 11.39% in 2016, and 1.47% and 6.83% in 2017, respectively. Undoubtedly, inappropriate water and fertilizer management had negative impacts on jujube growth and yield. Based on the treatments and results in this paper, low fertilizer and moderate irrigation would be the best choice. The crop yield, irrigation water use efficiency (iWUE), and fertilizer partial productivity (PFP) increased by 6.77%, 29.48%, and 193.62% in 2016, and similar increments were also found in 2017 of 6.17%, 78.72%, and 133.06%, respectively. This indicated that fertilizer efficiency was promoted along with water use, and in turn, the water amounts were adjusted by the amount of fertilizer that was applied. Based on a comprehensive consideration of the physiological and growth indexes, a mathematical model was established, and the optimized irrigation and fertilizer amounts of jujube in northern Xinjiang area were found to be 815 mm and 400 kg ha−1 (with N–P2O5–K2O proportioned at 2–1–1.5). The results that were obtained in this paper would provide theoretical reference to the sustainable development of jujube plantation using drip irrigation in the arid areas.

Productivity and economic viability of a palmarosa–pigeonpea intercropping system in the subtropical climate of north India

1998 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. SINGH ◽  
M. SINGH ◽  
K. SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
North India ◽  
First Year ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Subtropical Climate ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Cymbopogon Martinii ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Aromatic Grass

The poor viability of the perennial aromatic grass, palmarosa (Cymbopogon martinii Stapf. var. motia), in the first year of planting, restricts its popularity among farmers in India. Two pigeonpea cultivars, Bahar (late maturing), and UPAS–120 (early maturing) were intercropped at different row spacings with palmarosa at a row spacing of 60 cm, in the subtropical climate of Lucknow, north India in 1988/89 and 1989/90. Intercropping with the late maturing cv. Bahar at 300 cm row spacing produced 1·26 t/ha grain (2-year mean) without affecting the growth and yield of the palmarosa. Intercropping improved land-use efficiency by 47%, relative net return by 58% and net economic return by Rs. 12500/ha over a sole palmarosa crop. The grain, stalk and total dry matter yield per plant of pigeonpea was considerably improved when grown at the wider row spacing in the intercropped system than when grown as a sole crop. This indicates that the competition between pigeonpea plants was not reduced when palmarosa was present. Palmarosa tiller production and herb and oil yield were significantly reduced when the distance between rows of pigeonpea was narrowed, demonstrating both the greater susceptibility of palmarosa to lack of light, and also that in palmarosa–pigeonpea intercropping systems, competition exists mainly for light rather than for nutrients and moisture, possibly because the two crop components acquire their nutrients and moisture from different soil layers.Intercropping with the high yielding, late maturing pigeonpea cultivar, Bahar, at 300 cm row distance is recommended to make palmarosa cultivation economically viable in the first year of planting. The selection of high yielding, late maturing pigeonpea cultivars with an upright growth habit is suggested as a further way of improving the economic benefits of a palmarosa–pigeonpea intercropping system.

scholarly journals An overview of canopy management in cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-135
Author(s):  
D J Adiga ◽  
G L Veena ◽  
V Thondaiman ◽  
M Babli
Keyword(s):  
Dead Wood ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
High Density ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Initial Training ◽  
Growth Retardants ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Commercial Importance ◽  
Planting Geometry ◽  
Planting System

Being a tree crop of commercial importance, the productive performance of cashew is greatly influenced by how best its canopy is architectured for harnessing maximum benefits in terms of yield. The initial training is crucial for the development of photosynthetically efficient canopy in cashew as in other perennial fruit trees. Pruning of dead wood and crisscross branches can alone increase the yield by 30-40 per cent. The dwarf rootstocks also play a role in manipulating the canopy in cashew, wherein, canopy containment and yield were influenced by such rootstocks. By resorting to soil application of growth retardants like paclobutrazol, cashew canopy could be successfully contained to suit high density planting system. The studies on planting geometry has indicated the advantage of high density planting in enhancing profitability of cashew orchards in the initial years of plantation. The advantages of rejuvenation as well as top working techniques are also discussed in this  aper.

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