scholarly journals Exploring the Theological and Practical Implications of Contextualization Among Muslims

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-216
Author(s):  
Dikko Bature Darma
Keyword(s):  
Church History ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
New Method ◽  
Contextual Approach ◽  
Christian Mission ◽  
New Methods ◽  
The Church ◽  
Practical Implications

The greatest missionary challenge throughout the church history is ministering to the Muslims. Previously, different approaches have been employed by the church with different settings; however, they yield little or no results at all. The need to address the challenge of Islam is ardent among Christian missionaries: therefore, in their struggle to propagate Christianity among Muslims as well as to maintain its diminishing number of followers, missionaries have been in search of new methods for Muslim outreach. Their newest discovery is the contextual approach that has been much debated in so many theological books and journals that explain its theological and practical implications. However, the methods of contextualization are said to have been successfully employed for missionary activities in some parts of the Muslim world and it has imparted to the Christian mission further significance and validity. To this end, at some level contextualization was rather accepted in regards to outreach to Muslims. This paper attempts to discuss the theological and practical implications of this new method of ‘contextualization’ in its various approaches and to see the element, if any, that distinguishes it from the former missiological methodologies of ‘Inculturation,’ ‘Identification,’ ‘Indigenization’ or ‘Vernacularization’ etc.

Anglican Mission amongst Muslims, 1900–1940

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catriona Laing
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Christian Mission ◽  
Conversion Rates ◽  
Christian Literature ◽  
Popular Devotion ◽  
Printed Word ◽  
Mission Field ◽  
The Church

On paper, Anglican mission to the Middle East in the first half of the twentieth century was a failure. Compared with other missionary efforts, conversion rates in the Muslim world were low. Despite rising hostility towards Western presence in the region, and especially in Egypt, this mission field attracted some of the brightest and most ambitious missionary minds of the early twentieth century. Among then was Constance Padwick, who travelled to Egypt with the Church Missionary Society to develop the evangelistic potential of Christian literature in the Muslim world. Through her work with the printed word and her encounter with the prayers and popular devotion of ‘ordinary’ people, Padwick used the ‘kinships’ she identified between Islam and Christianity to propose a new approach to Christian mission: one that called for prayer, print, and presence among Muslims.

scholarly journals Vision 2025 and the Bible translation movement

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk J. Franklin ◽  
Cornelius J.P. Niemandt
Keyword(s):  
Church History ◽  
Missio Dei ◽  
Global Alliance ◽  
Christian Mission ◽  
Bible Translation ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Lessons Learnt ◽  
Mission Agencies ◽  
The World ◽  
The Church

Complex questions have arisen about how Christian mission agencies function within a globalised context. The changing context has impacted on how the missio Dei has been worked out within these agencies and this has had implications of a theological and missiological nature in particular as to how the agencies have interacted with the church worldwide. This has lead to new paradigms of how mission is conceptualised. The growth of the church worldwide in newer soil has forced mission agencies such as the Wycliffe Global Alliance (WGA) to re-evaluate their place in the world. It has been assumed that as resources have decreased from parts of the world where the WGA has had its traditional roots, there are missiological factors in determining how this impacts on the WGA. There are many missiological implications for the WGA that come from influences in church history on the importance of the translatability of the gospel especially in the context of Bible translation. These have impacted the WGA’s understanding of itself and in particular of how it has interpreted and reinterpreted its Vision 2025. When the missio Dei converges with outcomes of globalisation there are numerous implications for an agency such as the WGA. Consequently, the article concludes that none of these matters can be ignored. Instead they must be explored and lessons learnt from them that can be passed along to others in similar situations.

scholarly journals Pentecostes: o Espírito na formação das primeiras comunidades

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clelia Peretti ◽  
Franciscarlo De Souza
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Holy Spirit ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Church History ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Christian Mission ◽  
The Holy Spirit ◽  
The Law ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
The Church

Resumo: O presente artigo analisa a presença e ação do Espírito Santo na formação das primeirascomunidades cristãs, com base nos escritos lucanos e paulinos. Esta ação é marcadamentepresente na Sagrada Escritura. No Antigo Testamento é a Lei que direciona os passos do povo.No Novo Testamento o Espírito Santo não substitui a Lei, mas desenvolve o que o próprio Cristodisse: “não vim abolir a Lei ou os Profetas, mas dar-lhes pleno cumprimento” (Mt 5,17). Nascomunidades lucanas, o Pentecostes é o dado originário da Igreja: todos ficaram repletos doEspírito Santo. Nos escritos paulinos é o Espírito Santo que faz da Igreja o templo do Deus vivoe a comunidade dos concidadãos dos santos e membros da família divina. Se para Israel a fé éuniversal e inclusiva, para os cristãos, a Igreja é o novo Israel. Assim dá-se a continuação da obrade Jesus Cristo. Portanto, o Espírito habita na Igreja e no coração dos fiéis. A acolhida pessoal doEspírito Santo é o marco do início da vida cristã para os convertidos. O Espírito de Deus é a fontede unidade e ação que move as neocomunidades à vivência do Evangelho. Este é percebidopelas comunidades como a Shekinah. No Pentecostes, sua dimensão é ilimitada, ultrapassa osparâmetros da fé judaica, e por isso, as comunidades dão início ao despertar de sua nova identidadee à reconstrução da história da Igreja e da missão cristã na perspectiva do plano salvífico deDeus na história. Portanto a comunidade entende-se como ekklêsia, convocação, congregaçãono Espírito Santo. Por conseguinte, é divina, é comunidade reunida no Espírito.Palavras-chave: Pneumatologia. Comunidade. Missão da Igreja.Abstract: This article analyzes the presence and action of the Holy Spirit in the formation of thefirst Christian communities, with base on lucanians and pauline writings. This action is markedlypresent in Holy Scripture. In the Old Testament the law directs the steps of the people. In contrastthe New Testament is the Holy Spirit that does not replace, but develops what Christ himself said:“I have not come to abolish the Law or the Prophets, but to Them full compliance (Mt 5,17)”. Inlucanians communities, Pentecost, is the Church original data, everyone got filled with the HolySpirit. In the pauline writings is the Holy Spirit that makes the Church the Temple of the livingGod, and the community of the saints and members of divine family. Thus, if Israel takes faith asuniversal and inclusive, for Christians, the Church is the new Israel. So give up the continuationof the work of Jesus Christ. Thus, Spirit dwells in the Church and in the hearts of the faithful.The personal welcome of the Holy Spirit is the mark of the beginning of the Christian life to theconverted. The Spirit of God is the source of unity and action that moves the neo-communities tothe Gospel living. This is perceived by the communities as the Shekinah. In Pentecost its size isunlimited, it exceeds the parameters of the Jewish faith, and so communities initiate the awakeningof his new identity and the reconstruction of church history and Christian mission in the salvificplan of God’s perspective on history. So the community is understood as ekklesia, call, churchin the Holy Spirit. Therefore, it is divine, it is the community gathered in the Spirit.Keywords: Pneumatology. Community. Church’s mission.

Connection of electronic and microelectronic modules

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Sandera
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Metal Electrode ◽  
New Method ◽  
Thermomechanical Loading ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Solution ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Original Construction ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
New System

Purpose – The purpose of this article is to describe the design of electronic and microelectronic modules and, in particular, it focuses on connecting system of electrical modules to the main board of printed board. The theory of thermomechanical loading of system is presented. New methods of rigid solder connection for electronic modules are also presented. Design/methodology/approach – A newly developed system with chip or cylindrical components is presented. The article describes a practical solution of connection with 0.603 and mini-metal electrode leadless face (MELF) surface mount device (SMD) resistors. Findings – A new method of rigid solder connection for electronic modules is presented. This system is original and patented. Practical implications – This solution is not used yet. Testing of a new system is executed now. Originality/value – This article shows a real and original construction with chip and cylindrical chip components.

scholarly journals Traversing a Tightrope between Ecumenism and Exclusivism: The Intertwined History of South Africa’s Dutch Reformed Church and the Church of Central Africa Presbyterian in Nyasaland (Malawi)

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Retief Müller
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Church History ◽  
Dutch Reformed ◽  
Reformed Church ◽  
Christian Nationalism ◽  
The Church ◽  
Dutch Reformed Church

During the first few decades of the 20th century, the Nkhoma mission of the Dutch Reformed Church of South Africa became involved in an ecumenical venture that was initiated by the Church of Scotland’s Blantyre mission, and the Free Church of Scotland’s Livingstonia mission in central Africa. Geographically sandwiched between these two Scots missions in Nyasaland (presently Malawi) was Nkhoma in the central region of the country. During a period of history when the DRC in South Africa had begun to regressively disengage from ecumenical entanglements in order to focus on its developing discourse of Afrikaner Christian nationalism, this venture in ecumenism by one of its foreign missions was a remarkable anomaly. Yet, as this article illustrates, the ecumenical project as finalized at a conference in 1924 was characterized by controversy and nearly became derailed as a result of the intransigence of white DRC missionaries on the subject of eating together with black colleagues at a communal table. Negotiations proceeded and somehow ended in church unity despite the DRC’s missionaries’ objection to communal eating. After the merger of the synods of Blantyre, Nkhoma and Livingstonia into the unified CCAP, distinct regional differences remained, long after the colonial missionaries departed. In terms of its theological predisposition, especially on the hierarchy of social relations, the Nkhoma synod remains much more conservative than both of its neighboring synods in the CCAP to the south and north. Race is no longer a matter of division. More recently, it has been gender, and especially the issue of women’s ordination to ministry, which has been affirmed by both Blantyre and Livingstonia, but resisted by the Nkhoma synod. Back in South Africa, these events similarly had an impact on church history and theological debate, but in a completely different direction. As the theology of Afrikaner Christian nationalism and eventually apartheid came into positions of power in the 1940s, the DRC’s Nkhoma mission in Malawi found itself in a position of vulnerability and suspicion. The very fact of its participation in an ecumenical project involving ‘liberal’ Scots in the formation of an indigenous black church was an intolerable digression from the normative separatism that was the hallmark of the DRC under apartheid. Hence, this article focuses on the variegated entanglements of Reformed Church history, mission history, theology and politics in two different 20th-century African contexts, Malawi and South Africa.

Direct amidation of acid fluorides using germanium amides

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ardalan Hayatifar ◽  
Emily Elifritz ◽  
Molly Bloom ◽  
Kaitlyn Pixley ◽  
Chris Fennell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
New Method ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Acid Fluorides ◽  
Direct Amidation

Amide functional groups are an essential linkage that are found in peptides, proteins, and pharmaceuticals and new methods are constantly being sought for their formation. Here, a new method is...

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