scholarly journals Japanese Traditions of Oral Storytelling in the Middle Ages

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-303
Author(s):  
Anastasiya R. Sadokova
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Musical Instrument ◽  
Japanese Culture ◽  
Folk Culture ◽  
Oral Storytelling ◽  
Divine Knowledge ◽  
New Type ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Middle Ages

Japanese folk culture has long rendered traditions of oral storytelling very important. The article looks at the two main types of storytellers: the kataribe and the biwa hōshi. It aims to not only trace the transformation of the forms of storytelling, but also to analyze the changes in the perception of storytellers in the Japanese tradition. The author deems it important to study the activities and mythological perception of the ancient kataribe storytellers, as well as to look at the new type of storytellers, known as the biwa hōshi, who appeared in the Japanese culture in the 12th–13th centuries. They recited tales of battles and heroes of the old time to the accompaniment of biwa lutes. The article points out that in ancient times, storytellers were not just seen as regular performers. In the minds of people, they possessed special divine knowledge. However, their reputation changed in the Middle Ages with the appearance of stories linking the storytellers to otherworldly the forces and demons. People started seeing oral storytellers as mediums, and any musical instrument was thought to possess special powers. The role of storytellers went beyond that of simple performers. They became an important element of the Japanese concept of coexistence of people, gods, and demonic characters in the same world.

HAJJ AND THE RULERS OF

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-37
Author(s):  
D.X. Sangirova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Sacred Place ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Middle Ages

Revered since ancient times, the concept of "sacred place" in the middle ages rose to a new level. The article analyzes one of the important issues of this time - Hajj (pilgriamge associated with visiting Mecca and its surroundings at a certain time), which is one of pillars of Islam and history of rulers who went on pilgrimage

Gelehrte Autorität und die Ordnung der Dinge. Über Wissen, Macht und die Vermessung der Wirklichkeit im Mittelalter

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-66
Author(s):  
Marcel Bubert
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Organizing Principles ◽  
The Middle Ages

AbstractAlthough the medieval period was not part of Michel Foucault’s seminal study on ‘The Order of Things’, there are good reasons to believe that the learned cultures of the Middle Ages were to a certain degree based on specific epistemic orders, general organizing principles which were unconsciously presupposed in concepts of reality. Nevertheless, the extent as to which these concepts are in fact committed to the assumption of a metaphysically determined measuring of reality, is not altogether clear. This article aims to discuss this question in general, based on recent views of the role of the ‘subject’ in epistemic orders.

scholarly journals The Thingness of the Thing: The Role of Everyday Objects in Becket Miracle Windows

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
Dana Vasiliu
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Phenomenal World ◽  
Ordinary Objects ◽  
Everyday Objects ◽  
The Trinity ◽  
The Middle Ages

Abstract In “The Waning of the Middle Ages”, J. Huizinga has pointed out that “all things would be absurd if their meaning would be exhausted by their function and their place in the phenomenal world, if by their essence they did not reach into a world beyond this.” (1924:201) Starting from this assumption, I purport to analyze the role/roles played by everyday/ordinary objects in the miracle stories depicted in the Trinity Chapel glazing and argue that their individuation/haecceity is subject to practices of ritualistic and artistic encodings

scholarly journals Transgressive consciousness as cultural and historical phenomenon

2017 ◽  
pp. 57-6o
Author(s):  
A. V. Timoshevskiy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Francois Rabelais ◽  
Folk Culture ◽  
Historical Phenomenon ◽  
The Middle Ages

The concept of the ultimate bases of culture is investigated. Specifi cs of transgressive consciousness as a cultural and historical phenomenon are revealed. The inadequacy of the reduction of the transgressive experience to the act of transgression is substantiated. The integrating functions of the transgressive consciousness are shown on the actual and theoretical material contained in M. Bakhtin’s study «The Creativity of Francois Rabelais and the Folk Culture of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance».

scholarly journals composer phenomenon in a historical retrospect of an authorship idea formation in European musical culture of the middle ages

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. 284-302
Author(s):  
Iryna Yu Konovalova
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Musical Culture ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
European Culture ◽  
Historical Retrospect ◽  
Idea Formation ◽  
The Middle Ages

The article is devoted to comprehension of specifics and formation prerequisites of composer’s and musical authorship phenomena historical formation in European culture of the Middle Ages. Genesis of composer’s phenomenon and individual musical authorship model is considered on the basis of historical, socio-cultural and aesthetic-artistic transformations, on awareness about their dynamic’s tendencies and general cultural institutionalization of an authorship phenomenon, as well as on an increasing role of individual creativity in an artistic realm. It is stated that multi-ethnic and anonymous culture of oral tradition, folklore and Christian singing practices, as well as instrumental improvisation’s traditions, became spiritual sources of this phenomena and turn into a strong foundation of musical professionalism and creative impulse for European authorial music evolution. It is emphasized that process of composer’s formation as a creativity subject and musical professionalism carrier was stimulated by the necessity of everyday vocal-choral practice, conditioned by the spiritual context of time, by intention on theocentric world’s picture and religious – Christian outlook dominance. Significant role of secular direction development in the context of music-author’s discourse formation and composer’s figure assertion in the late Middle Ages is highlighted. 

Justice in the paradigm of the Philosophy of Law: analytical review

2021 ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Vasily I. Zhukov
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Philosophy Of Law ◽  
Theory Of Justice ◽  
Theories Of Justice ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Epistemological Basis ◽  
The Middle Ages

The author analyzes the process of accumulation of knowledge in the field of philosophy and law in order to create an epistemological basis for the perception of justice in the paradigm of the Philosophy of Law. The analytical review is based on the analysis of philosophical, theological, historical and other theories developed from ancient times to the present. The author focuses on the works of ancient thinkers (first of all, Plato, his disciple Aristotle, their followers, Roman authors), the works of scientists who created original concepts and enriched jurisprudence in the Middle Ages, the new and the newest times. Special attention is paid to the interpretation of theories that brought science closer to the creation of a theory of justice in the context of the Philosophy of Law. The author also describes the theories of justice of law developed by the largest scientists of the XX century, J.ºRawls, H. Otfried, F. von Hayek, Ph. Selznick, etc. The article considers the contribution to the development of knowledge about justice in the paradigm of the Philosophy of Law made by the local legal scholars, Soviet scientists, the largest modern specialists in this field, including V.D. Zorkin, V.I. Khairullin, etc. Based on the results of the analytical review, the main conclusions are developed and the author's definition of justice in the format of the Philosophy of Law is given.

History and formation of hospitals in the Middle ages

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-87
Author(s):  
O.A. Oparin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
The Middle Ages

The article shows and analyzed the development of hospitals in the Middle Ages. The main features of hospitals in its different periods are shown. The deterrent role of medieval religious beliefs and dogma in the development of hospitals is shown and revealed

The Enduring Interim

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Kenneth Galbraith
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Saint Thomas Aquinas ◽  
Thomas Aquinas ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Middle Ages

This chapter discusses the basic economic life in the Middle Ages, noting the absence of trade or a market during the period. It first considers the legacy of the Romans with respect to economic and political life, including their commitment to the sanctity of private property and Christianity. In particular, it describes Christian attitudes toward wealth and the link between morality and the market. It also examines the ideas of Saint Thomas Aquinas and Nicole Oresme before turning to the role of markets in the Middle Ages, along with their special characteristics. Finally, it looks at other aspects of economic life during the medieval period, such as the intrusion of ethics on economics—the fairness or justice of the relationship between master and slave, lord and serf, landlord and sharecropper.

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