scholarly journals Prevalence, intensity and abundance of endoparasites in Oreochromis niloticus and Tilapia zilli (Pisces: Cichlidae) from Asa Dam, Ilorin, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
C. Ebube Amaechi
Keyword(s):  
Pollution Control ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Parasite Burden ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
Digenetic Trematode ◽  
Male Fish ◽  
North Central ◽  
Fish Size ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Overall Health Status

Disease is an important factor in fisheries, affecting both wild and cultured species. Using standard parasitological techniques we determined the prevalence, mean intensity and abundance of endoparasites from 250 specimens of two cichlids, Oreochromis niloticus and Tilapia zilli from Asa dam, Ilorin, North Central Nigeria between February and August, 2013. We found two digenetic trematode parasites:Euclinostomium heterostomum and Clinostomum tilapiae. The highest prevalence was recorded in O. niloticus (35,9%) infested by C.tilapiae, while the highest mean intensity was recorded in T. zilli. There was no relationship (p >0,05) between parasite burden and fish size(length and weight). Male fish were more heavily infected than females.The overall health status of both fish species remained unaffected. Thehigh rate of pollution noticed in the study area might be favoring parasite load. Therefore, pollution control and regular surveillance of the water body are advocated.

scholarly journals Study on infestations and biodiversity of metazoan parasites in Channa punctatus (Bloch), Mymensingh region

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-416
Author(s):  
Naoshin Farzana ◽  
Jasmin Naher ◽  
Md Abu Zafar ◽  
Kirtunia Juran Chandra ◽  
Gias Uddin Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Channa Punctatus ◽  
Digenetic Trematode ◽  
Female Fish ◽  
Exotic Fish ◽  
Male Fish ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Day By Day

An investigation was conducted on infestation and reviewed biodiversity of metazoan parasites in Channa punctatus of Mymensingh region from July 2013 to June 2014. A total of 235 fish were examined and 9 species of four groups of parasites were recorded. They were (i) Euclinostomum multicaecum Tubangui and Masilungan, 1935 (ii) Euclinostomum heterostomum (Rudolphi, 1809) (iii) Genarchopsis goppo Ozaki, 1925 (iv) Allocreadium handiai  Pandey, 1937 (v) Senga ophiocephalina (Tseng, 1933) (vi) Porrocaecum sp. (vii) Ascaridia sp. (viii) Contracaecum sp. (ix) Pallisentis ophiocephali (Thapar, 1930).The maximum (86.67%) prevalence was found in  (86.67%) October and minimum (35.00%) in December whereas the maximum mean intensity (10) was observed in June and the minimum (1.42) was recorded from December. The prevalence was observed higher (68.85%) in smaller size of fish and in case of larger fish the prevalence was lower and the value was (53.62%). On the other hand, the mean intensity (5.45) was higher in smaller fish and lower (3.39) in medium sized fish. Both prevalence and mean intensity was found maximum in female fish than male fish. Among the four groups of parasites, infestation of Digenetic trematode is much higher than Nematoda, Cestoda and Acanthocephala. During the study, a list of parasites reported from Channa punctatus of Indian sub-continent was prepared. It was found that 38 species of Digenea, 4 species of Cestoda, 26 species of Nematoda and 5 species Acanthocephala were recorded. The Biodiversity of parasites seemed to be declined day by day. The responsible factors for this declination may be environmental degradation, entry of exotic fish and modernization of aquaculture etc. J Bangladesh Agril Univ 17(3): 409–416, 2019

Infection of American smelt in Lake Ontario and Lake Erie with the microsporidian parasite Glugea hertwigi (Weissenberg)

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 1183-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Chen ◽  
G. Power
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
Sexual Differences ◽  
Striking Difference ◽  
Female Fish ◽  
Microsporidian Parasite ◽  
Male Fish

In samples taken monthly throughout the year the percentage of American smelt in Lake Ontario and Lake Erie containing cysts of Glugea hertwigi was 5.2% and 62.7% respectively. Sexual differences in incidence were observed, the significance of which was uncertain as results from the two lakes were contradictory.In male fish infection was almost entirely restricted to the digestive tract with few cysts in the liver, skin, and testes. In female fish the digestive tract and ovaries were similarly infected.Seasonal fluctuations in Glugea infection were obvious and seemed correlated with the gonadal cycle. In both sexes the highest parasite load corresponded with the onset of maturation.A striking difference in fecundity between the two smelt populations was attributed to the Glugea infection. In females parasite cysts replaced ovarian tissue, causing a reduction in the number of maturing eggs.

scholarly journals Infection by Platynosomum illiciens (= P. fastosum) in domestic cats of Araguaína, Tocantins, northern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 786-789
Author(s):  
Maria Cirlene Gomes de Oliveira Sobral ◽  
Sebastiana Adriana Pereira Sousa ◽  
Taiã Mairon Peixoto Ribeiro ◽  
Samara Rocha Galvão ◽  
Ruth Martins Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
The State ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
Wild Cats ◽  
The City

Abstract Platynosomiasis is a hepatopathy caused by Platynosomum illiciens(= P. fastosum) (Trematoda: Dicrocoelidae), which occurs mainly in domestic and wild cats in tropical and subtropical areas. The objective of this study was to verify the occurrence of P. illiciens infection in domestic cats in the city of Araguaína, Tocantins, Brazil, using necropsy and coproparasitological tests. Additionally, we aimed to evaluate the use of two different techniques to diagnose P. illiciens infection in domestic cats and verify whether this parasitism was associated with individual feline characteristics. For this, 54 cats of different ages were analyzed. The percentage of infection was 33.3% (CI = 21.1-47.5%), parasite load was 9-509, mean intensity was 151.7, and mean abundance was 50.5 trematodes per animal. The risk of infection was higher for females than for males (OR = 5.00; P = 0.017). The spontaneous sedimentation coproparasitological test demonstrated the greatest sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing P. illiciens. This study is the first to report the occurrence of P. illiciens in cats in the state of Tocantins, northern Brazil.

scholarly journals Digenetic Trematode Parasites in Two Fresh Water Fishes Ophiocephalus Punctatus and Xenentodon Cancila From North West Himalayas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukanya Rajput ◽  
Seema Langer
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Digenetic Trematode ◽  
Host Fish ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
North West ◽  
Trematode Infection ◽  
Xenentodon Cancila ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Union Territory ◽  
Trematode Parasites

Abstract The study was conducted during September 2018-August 2019 to study the digenetic trematode infection in fresh water fishes of some of the water bodies viz. Gho-manhasan, Chakrali and Chadwal of Jammu region of J&K union territory A total of 220 fishes comprising Ophiocephalus punctatus and Xenentodon cancila belonging to families Channidae and Belonidae respectively were examined. A total of 4 digenetic trematode parasites belonging to 4 different families i.e., Euclinostomum heterostomum (Clinostomidae Luhe, 1901); Phyllodistomum tripathi (Gorgoderidae Looss, 1901); Genarchopsis piscicola (Hemiuridae, Luhe, 1901), and Bucephalopsis karvei (Bucephalidae Poche, 1907) were detected. The overall prevalence of digenetic trematode infection was 65.90% and the mean intensity was 3.58. Among these Genarchopsis piscicola showed the highest prevalence (40.38%) with mean intensity 2.95 in the host fish Xenentodon cancila, while in other species the prevalence ranged between 26.23% and 34.62%. Present study authenticates the presence of several species of digenetic trematode parasites in the fishes inhabiting freshwater of J&K union territory.

scholarly journals Aspects of the ecology of the Asian tapeworm, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934 in yellowfish in the Vaal Dam, South Africa

2005 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bertasso ◽  
A. Avenant-Oldewage
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Fish Size ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Vaal Dam ◽  
Bothriocephalus Acheilognathi ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ecological Parameters

Seasonal surveys were conducted at the Vaal Dam between April 2000 and January 2001. Twenty smallmouth yellowfish (Labeobarbus aeneus) and 20 largemouth yellowfish (Labeobarbus kimberleyensis) were collected with the aid of gill nets. Surface water quality variables were included. The cestodes were identified as either Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934 or "other cestode spp.". The majority (99.8 %) of the cestodes found in both yellowfish species were identified as B. acheilognathi (Asian tapeworm). The prevalence, mean intensity and abundance of B. acheilognathi in both yellowfish species were calculated. Ecological parameters including species specificity, seasonality, gender specificity and relationships between fish size and the Asian tapeworm prevalence were also included. In this study, B. acheilognathi preferred L. kimberleyensis over L. aeneus although a low intensity was observed in smallmouth yellowfish. Furthermore, the infection (in terms of prevalence, abundance and mean intensity) in largemouth yellowfish was markedly higher. Seasonal patterns observed in the Asian tapeworm's infection of smallmouth yellowfish are attributed to breeding and subsequent feeding patterns of this fish species with relatively high infections recorded in winter and spring. For L. kimberleyensis no explanation can be given regarding the seasonal patterns observed for the mean intensity and abundance of B. acheilognathi. The maximum and minimum mean intensity and abundance values in largemouth yellowfish were recorded in autumn and spring, respectively. In addition, the prevalence of B. acheilognathi was consistently high in all four seasons.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Clinostomum Metacercariae in Oreochromis mossambicus from Mashoko Dam, Masvingo Province, Zimbabwe

Scientifica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Casper Mutengu ◽  
Wilson Mhlanga
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Burden ◽  
Oreochromis Mossambicus ◽  
Ventral Side ◽  
Infected Fish ◽  
Female Fish ◽  
Group 13 ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Length Group ◽  
Significant Difference

Mashoko Dam is in Ago-ecological Region 4 in Zimbabwe. Five sampling sites were randomly selected and each site was sampled twice per month, for six months. A total of 180 Oreochromis mossambicus fish (101 females and 79 males) were caught. The fish were examined for Clinostomum metacercariae by cutting the ventral side from the anal opening to the lower jaw. The gill chambers were examined and inspected visually to detect macroscopic parasites. Of the 180 fish collected during the study, 113 (62.8%) were infected by 284 Clinostomum larvae in the cranial cavity while 67 fish were not infected. Among the infected fish, 46 were males and 67 were females. Greater parasite burden and mean intensity were observed in female fish (2.7 MI) than males (2.2 MI). There was no statistically significant difference in mean intensity of infection between male and female fish (n=180; t=0.521; p<0.05). Uninfected fish were in a poorer condition than infected fish in July and October only. The lowest monthly condition factor for both infected (1.8) and uninfected (1.7) fish occurred in October. The monthly condition factors for both infected (1.94–3.51) and noninfected fish (1.81–5.28) were greater than 1. For prevalence by total length groups, highest prevalence (66.3%) was recorded in the medium length group (10–12 cm) and lowest (25.0%) in the (16–18 cm) length group. Highest mean intensity (2.8) and parasite density (146 parasites) was observed in the length group (13–15 cm) and lowest mean intensity (1.0) in larger length groups (16–18 cm and above 19 cm). Highest abundance (1.74) was recorded in the length group 13–15 cm and lowest abundance (0.25) in the length group 16–18 cm. Parasite burden was positively correlated to fish size (total length). It was concluded that Clinostomum metacercariae are a common parasite in Oreochromis mossambicus in Mashoko dam.

Stenurus minor (Metastrongyloidea: Pseudaliidae) infections of the cranial sinuses of the harbour porpoise, Phocoena phocoena

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 1209-1216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Faulkner ◽  
Lena N Measures ◽  
Fred G Whoriskey
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Load ◽  
Phocoena Phocoena ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Gross Lesions ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Frontal Sinuses ◽  
Young Of The Year ◽  
By Catch ◽  
The Right ◽  
Minor Infection

Seventy-eight harbour porpoises, Phocoena phocoena (33 females, 45 males), were obtained in summer (June-September) as incidental by-catch from the cod fishery in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and examined for the presence of cranial sinus nematodes. Stenurus minor (Kühn, 1829) Baylis and Daubney, 1925 were present in the cranial sinuses of all adult porpoises (>1 year old, N = 66, mean intensity = 2362, range = 87-8920) and absent in all young of the year (<1 year old, N = 12). Only fifth-stage worms were observed and these were equally distributed between the right and left sides of the skull (mean intensity = 1158 and 1213 in the left and right side, respectively). However, S. minor were approximately twice as numerous in the frontal sinuses as in the ear sinuses. Mean intensities of S. minor were similar among all infected porpoises. Parasite load had no apparent effect on porpoise body condition (measured as percent blubber mass of the carcass). No gross lesions associated with the presence of numerous S. minor in the cranial sinuses were observed. There was an inverse relationship between the intensity of S. minor infection and mean worm length, which is suggestive of a "crowding effect." Mean worm length was 17.8 ± 0.2 mm in lightly infected porpoises and 16.1 ± 0.2 mm in heavily infected animals.

Effect of ectoparasitism by larvae of the blow fly Protocalliphora parorum (Diptera: Calliphoridae) on nestling House Wrens, Troglodytes aedon

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1441-1446 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Scott Johnson ◽  
Marjorie D. Eastman ◽  
L. Henry Kermott
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Load ◽  
Blow Fly ◽  
Tarsus Length ◽  
Troglodytes Aedon ◽  
Primary Feather ◽  
North Central ◽  
House Wrens ◽  
Delayed Development

We investigated the effect of ectoparasitism by hematophagous larvae of the blow fly Protocalliphora parorum on nestling House Wrens (Troglodytes aedon) over 2 years in north-central Wyoming, U.S.A. Approximately 85% of wren nests contained P. parorum larvae. Mean parasite load was approximately 10 larvae per nestling. Nestling tarsus length, primary feather length, and hematocrit measured just before fledging did not differ significantly with parasite load. However, parasitized birds weighed approximately 8% more than unparasitized birds just prior to fledging. Parasites possibly delay the recession in weight that normally occurs as tissues mature late in the nestling stage. Delayed development may result in increased nestling or fledgling mortality.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Ekstrak Tepung Testis Sapi dalam Alih Kelamin Ikan Nila, Oreochromis niloticus L. Melalui Teknik Perendaman (The Effectiveness of BTME (Bull Testes Meal Extract) in Sex-Reversal of Tilapia through Immersion Technique)

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Andri Iskandar ◽  
M. Zairin Junior ◽  
Harton Arfah
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Natural Compound ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Sex Reversal ◽  
Male Fish ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Synthetic Steroids

Synthetic steroids are commonly used to sex-reverse tilapia to produce male tilapia commercially, but gradually feared a negative impact on food security and environmental sustainability. The use of new natural compound is a potential alternative to be explored, one of which is bull testes meal extract (BTME). This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of BTME immersion and optimal concentrations for sex-reverse tilapia to produce monosex male tilapia, and its influence on survival and growth of fish. The study consisted of 5 treatments with 3 replications: immersion treatment with BTME concentration of 1 ml l-1 (A), 3 ml l-1 (B), 5 ml l-1 (C), immersion treatment in 17α-methyltestosterone of 500 µg l-1 (K+) and without hormone immersion treatment (K-). Hormone immersion was performed on tilapia larvae aged 4 and 7 days after hatching.The fish were then maintained for 60 days. The parameters observed were: the percentage of male tilapia and intersex tilapia, survival rates, and growth rate of fish. BTME immersion for sex-reverse the tilapia larvae have significant effect on masculinization of tilapia. The highest percentage of male fish was obtained on treatment C (85.56%) and was not significantly different from K (+) (81.11 %). Immersion of tilapia in BTME or 17α-MT did not affect the survival and growth of tilapia fish.Keywords: sex reversal, bull testes meal extract (BTME), tilapia

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