scholarly journals Aislamiento e identificación de diez cepas bacterianas desnitrificantes a partir de un suelo agrícola contaminado con abonos nitrogenados proveniente de una finca productora de cebolla en la Laguna de Tota, Boyacá, Colombia

Nova ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Joaquín L. Benavides López de Mesa ◽  
Gladys M. Quintero ◽  
Olga Lucía Ostos Ortiz

Este articulo presenta los resultados de la versatilidad adaptativa y tolerancia de una consorcio bacteriano constituido por 10 cepas bacterianas endémicas de un suelo agrícola contaminado, proveniente de una finca productora de cebolla ubicada en la laguna de Tota en Aquitania, Boyacá, Colombia, expuesto al uso incontrolado de fertilizantes nitrogenados. La consorcio bacteriano aislado del suelo está conformado por: Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus licheniformis, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Acinetobacter sp, Propionibacterium sp, Peptoestreptococcus sp, Sthaphylococcus coagulasa negativa, Corynebacterium sp, Clostridium sp y Actinomyces sp. Se demostró que los microorganismos aislados tienen capacidad desnitrificante in vitro, transformando el nitrato a nitrógeno molecular. La consorcio bacteriano aislado se constituye en una alternativa de biorremediación para recuperar suelo agrícola contaminado con exceso de fertilizantes nitrogenados.

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 631
Author(s):  
Mengfan Peng ◽  
Wentao Tong ◽  
Zhen Zhao ◽  
Ling Xiao ◽  
Zhaoyue Wang ◽  
...  

In this experiment, the quorum quenching gene ytnP of Bacillus licheniformis T-1 was cloned and expressed, and the effect against infection of Aeromonas hydrophila ATCC 7966 was evaluated in vitro and vivo. The BLAST results revealed a 99% sequence identity between the ytnP gene of T-1 and its homolog in B.subtilis sub sp. BSP1, and the dendroGram showed that the similarity in the YtnP protein in T-1 was 100% in comparison with B.subtilis 3610, which was categorized as the Aidc cluster of the MBL family. The AHL lactonase activity of the purified YtnP was detected as 1.097 ± 0.7 U/mL with C6-HSL as the substrate. Otherwise, purified YtnP protein could significantly inhibit the biofilm formation of A.hydrophila ATCC 7966 with an inhibition rate of 68%. The MIC of thiamphenicol and doxycycline hydrochloride against A. hydrophila reduced from 4 μg/mL and 0.5 μg/mL to 1 μg/mL and 0.125 μg/mL, respectively, in the presence of YtnP. In addition, YtnP significantly inhibited the expression of five virulence factors hem, ahyB, ast, ep, aerA of A. hydrophila ATCC 7966 as well (p < 0.05). The results of inhibition on virulence showed a time-dependence tendency, while the strongest anti-virulence effects were within 4–24 h. In vivo, when the YtnP protein was co-injected intraperitoneally with A. hydrophila ATCC 7966, it attenuated the pathogenicity of A. hydrophila and the accumulated mortality was 27 ± 4.14% at 96 h, which was significantly lower than the average mortality of 78 ± 2.57% of the Carassius auratus injected with 108 CFU/mL of A. hydrophila ATCC 7966 only (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the AHL lactonase in B. licheniformis T-1 was proven to be YtnP protein and could be developed into an agent against infection of A. hydrophila in aquaculture.


Biochimie ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 529-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Trachuk ◽  
A.S. Shcheglov ◽  
E.I. Milgotina ◽  
G.G. Chestukhina

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-362
Author(s):  
Evelynne Urzêdo Leão ◽  
◽  
Júlio Cesar da Silva ◽  
Fabíola Rodrigues Medeiros ◽  
Gabriela Silva Santa Rosa Macêdo ◽  
...  

RESUMO O feijoeiro-comum (Phaseolus vulgaris) é uma cultura de grande relevância na alimentação da população brasileira. A murcha-de-curtobacterium ou murcha bacteriana, causada por Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens (Cff). é uma doença vascular que acomete o feijoeiro causando danos significativos. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a ação in vitro de Bacillus spp. na inibição de dois isolados de Cff, colonização do sistema radicular e desenvolvimento de plântulas de feijoeiro-comum. Foram realizados dois ensaios in vitro para verificar a atividade antagônica dos isolados Bacillus licheniformis, B. subtilis e B. subtilis + B. lichenformis a dois isolados de Cff. Todos os isolados de Bacillus spp. apresentaram inibição no crescimento dos isolados de Cff. Não foi observada a colonização das raízes das plântulas de feijoeiro-comum, pelos isolados bacterianos avaliados.


Author(s):  
Dahiya P

  Objective: The inhibitory properties of successive extracts from Dioscorea bulbifera (Dioscoreaceae) tubers have been evaluated for the presence of phytochemical constituents and antimicrobial efficacy against multidrug-resistant (MDR) clinical isolates was evaluated.Methods: The tuber of D. bulbifera was oven dried and extracted successively with n-hexane, chloroform, methanol, ethanol, and water. The antimicrobial potential of successive extracts against MDR isolates was studied by agar well-diffusion method. Qualitative phytochemical analysis was performed.Results: Qualitative phytochemical analysis demonstrated the presence of steroids, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, saponins, and reducing sugars in almost all the extracts tested. Anthraquinones, phlobatanins, and tannins were not reported in any extracts tested. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of various solvents and water extracts of D. bulbifera was further investigated against ten MDR bacteria and three fungi, respectively. Aqueous and chloroform extracts were found to be more potent being capable of exerting significant inhibitory activities against the majority of the isolates such as Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter sp., Salmonella paratyphi, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Candida albicans. The highest inhibitory activity was observed for K. pneumoniae with wide inhibition zone diameters (17 ± 0.15 mm), followed by E. coli 1(13 ± 0.11) mm, and Acinetobacter sp. (11 ± 0.12).Conclusion: Based on the present study, the extracts of D. bulbifera tubers have shown excellent activity against MDR microbial cultures tested. Further study is recommended for clinical evaluation, of the efficacy of crude extract in herbal medicine that can serve as a base for the development of novel potent drugs and phytomedicines.


Nova Scientia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Rojas Padilla ◽  
Luis Abraham Chaparro Encinas ◽  
Rosa Icela Robles Montoya ◽  
Sergio De los Santos Villalobos

Introducción: Las rizobacterias promotoras del crecimiento vegetal (RPCV) son un grupo de bacterias rizosféricas con la habilidad de promover el crecimiento y la salud de las plantas, y restaurar la fertilidad del suelo. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la promoción del crecimiento en el cultivo de trigo (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum) por la co-inoculación de cepas nativas del género Bacillus aisladas del Valle del Yaqui, México, para su potencial uso como inoculante microbiano.Método: Tres cepas bacterias obtenidas de la Colección de Microorganismos Edáficos y Endófitos Nativos (COLMENA), aisladas del cultivo de trigo en el Valle del Yaqui, fueron estudiadas. Primeramente, se realizó la identificación molecular de las cepas mediante la secuenciación del gen 16S RNAr, mediante la plataforma Sanger. Además, las cepas bacterianas fueron caracterizadas metabólicamente mediante actividades funcionales asociadas a la promoción del crecimiento vegetal (producción de indoles, solubilización de fósforo insoluble, y producción de sideróforos). Finalmente, el impacto de la inoculación de estas cepas individualmente, y en consorcios fue determinado utilizando el cultivo de trigo (Triticum turgidum L subsp. durum) como planta modelo, simulando las condiciones edafo-climáticas del Valle del Yaqui. Las variables morfométricas medidas fueron la longitud aérea y de raíz, peso seco aéreo y de raíz, e índice de biovolumen.Resultados: Las cepas TRQ8, TRQ65 y TE3T fueron afiliadas taxonómicamente a Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus paralicheniformis y Bacillus cabrialesii, respectivamente; dicha clasificación fue soportada por sus características macro-microscópica como: su forma bacilar y tinción Gram positiva, que son características propias de este género bacteriano. Las cepas en estudio tuvieron la capacidad de producir indoles, siendo B. paralicheniformis TRQ65 quien presentó mayor producción con 39.29 µg/mL. Mientras que en la prueba de solubilización de fósforo insoluble las 3 cepas mostraron la capacidad en un rango de índice de solubilización de 1.37 a 1.43; finalmente, solamente la cepa B. megaterium TRQ8 mostró un índice de producción de sideróforos de 8.17. La inoculación del consorcio B. megaterium TRQ8 + B. paralicheniformis TRQ65 mostró los mayores incrementos en las 5 variables medidas en la planta, diferencia significativa (p<0.05) vs. el tratamiento no inoculado, la longitud aérea y radical mostró un incremento de 6 y 10% respectivamente, mientras que la biomasa seca aérea aumentó 60% y la biomasa seca radicular se incrementó en 82%. El índice de biovolumen se incrementó en 18% por la inoculación de dicho consorcio bacteriano.Discusión o Conclusión: Las cepas estudiadas presentan características de promoción de crecimiento in vitro e in vivo. Sin embargo, la co-inoculación de B. megaterium TRQ8 y B. paralicheniformis TRQ65 incrementó su capacidad de promoción del crecimiento en plantas de trigo. Por lo cual, los mecanismos asociados a dicho efecto, así como sus funciones ecológicas e interacción con los factores bióticos y abióticos de los agro-sistemas deben ser estudiadas para su validación en diferentes agroecosistemas, antes de su utilización extensiva como un inoculante microbiano.


2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Made Indra Agastya ◽  
Aminudin Afandhi ◽  
Luqman Qurata Aini

This research was conducted in vitro in the laboratory. Studies conducted in the Laboratory of Bacteriology Department of Plant Pests and Diseases of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya, on the effectiveness of the bacteria Bacillus cereus and Bacillus megaterium as biological pesticides controlling Spodoptera litura. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the bacteria Bacillus sp as biological control. Effectiveness pesticide was measured by testing the incubation period and mortality in larvae of S. litura instar 3. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD), conducted observations every 6 hours until the larvae dead. The results showed that the percentage of mortality of S. litura reached 94.66% compared to the control, while the incubation time of the bacteria B. cereus cause disease until 29.84 hours. B. cereus and B. megaterium have the ability to incubate third instar larvae of S. litura up to 29.84 hours and caused the death of larvae up to 94.66%. Keywords: Biological pesticides, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, entomopatogen, Spodoptera litura


Author(s):  
Gintung Patantis ◽  
Yusro Nuri Fawzya

Akhir-akhir ini bioprospeksi mikroorganisme laut semakin populer dan banyak  diminati karena potensinya yang menjanjikan sebagai sumber komponen bioaktif baru. Identifikasi mikroorganisme merupakan salah satu tahapan yang penting dalam bioprospeksi. Perkembangan identifikasi mikroba diawali dengan identifikasi melalui ciri-ciri morfologi, fisiologi, dan metabolisme. Namun adanya kekurangan-kekurangan metode ini yaitu berupa ketidakakuratan dan waktu identifikasi yang lama menjadikan metode secara molekuler lebih berkembang. Pada bakteri, 16S ribosom deoxyribonucleic acid (rDNA) mempunyai daerah sekuen yang konservatif sehingga dapat digunakan untuk menduga hubungan kekerabatan secara alami  antar  spesies. Sedangkan pada kapang digunakan 18S rDNA dan daerah internal transcribed spacer (ITS) untuk identifikasinya. Tahapan identifikasi dengan metode molekuler meliputi ekstraksi deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), amplifikasi DNA, sekuensing, analisis hasil sekuen, dan pembuatan pohon filogenetik. Balai Besar Riset Pengolahan Produk dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan (BBRP2B-KP) memiliki  koleksi mikroba potensial penghasil enzim kitosanase, kitinase, dan protease dari berbagai sampel dari lingkungan laut. Berdasarkan pohon filogenetik  beberapa isolat koleksi memiliki kemiripan 87–96% dengan Staphylococcus caprae, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Acinetobacter sp., Bacillus licheniformis, Geobacillus stearothermophilus.


2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangwei Zhu ◽  
Li Fu ◽  
Caihua Jin ◽  
Zili Meng ◽  
Ning Yang

Two bacteria capable of efficiently degrading atrazine were isolated from soil, and named ATLJ-5 and ATLJ-11. ATLJ-5 and ATLJ-11 were identified as Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus megaterium, respectively. The degradation efficiency of atrazine (50 mg/L) by strain ATLJ-5 can reach about 98.6% after 7 days, and strain ATLJ-11 can reach 99.6% under the same conditions. The degradation of atrazine is faster when two strains are used in combination. Adding the proper amount of fresh soil during the degradation of atrazine by these two strains can also increase the degradation efficiency. The strains ATLJ-5 and ATLJ-11 have high tolerance to atrazine, and can tolerate at least 1000 mg/L of atrazine. In addition, the strains ATLJ-5 and ATLJ-11 have been successfully made into a microbial agent that can be used to treat atrazine residues in soil. The degradation efficiency of atrazine (50 mg/kg) could reach 99.0% by this microbial agent after 7 days. These results suggest that the strains ATLJ-5 and ATLJ-11 can be used for the treatment of atrazine pollution.


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