scholarly journals Physical-chemical quality analysis of Serayu River water, Banjarnegara, Indonesia in different seasons

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Purwono Purwono ◽  
Ardhi Ristiawan ◽  
Annida Unnatiq Ulya ◽  
Hashfi Awali Abdul Matin ◽  
Bimastiaji Surya Ramadhan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
River Water ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Sampling Location ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Reservoir Water

This article discusses the analysis of the physico-chemical parameters of water in the Serayu River, Banjarnegara, Indonesia during the dry and rainy seasons. The parameters to be measured are heavy metals, alkalinity, pH, temperature, TDS, TSS, and corrosivity. The sampling location is at the mouth of the Serayu River, where Serayu River water is one of the Mrica Reservoir water sources used for hydroelectric power plants. (PLTA). When the samples were taken in the rainy and dry season in 2018. The results showed that in the rainy season, the surface water pH of the Serayu River estuary was 6.61; the TDS was 178 mg/l; the TSS was 62 mg/l; the BOD was 6.66 mg/l; the COD was 33.31 mg/l; and the nitrate was 4.03 mg/l. Meanwhile, in the dry season, the pH was 8.15; the TDS wa 121 mg/l; the TSS was 55 mg/l; the BOD was 6.35 mg/l; the COD was 31.77 mg/l, and the nitrate was 3.08 mg/l. All physical and chemical parameters meet the quality standards required in Indonesian Government Regulation No. 82 of 2001 concerning Management of Water Quality and Class III Water Pollution Control. The surface water of the Serayu River estuary is weak corrosive which means it is safe for hydropower activities. In general, in the rainy season the chemical physics parameters of the Serayu River estuary water level are higher than the rainy season.

scholarly journals Hydrochemical Evolution in Ciliwung River – Java, Indonesia: Study of Sea Water Mixture and Mineral Dissolution

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1360
Author(s):  
Evarista Ristin Pujiindiyati ◽  
Paston Sidauruk ◽  
Tantowi Eko Prayogi ◽  
Faizal Abdillah
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Mineral Dissolution ◽  
Water Type ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Hydrochemical Evolution ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Saturation Indexes

The chemical characteristics of the Ciliwung River were analyzed to understand hydrochemical evolution. A fraction of sea water mixture and kinds of mineral controlling for chemicals were also determined. During three year investigations in 2015, 2016, and 2018, electrical conductivity increased with decreasing elevations. Two hydrochemical facies had been identified for the Ciliwung river water; those were Ca-Mg-HCO3 and Ca-Na-HCO3.  The river water mixing with seawater was recognized in the Mangga Dua site in which its water type had shifted to Na-Ca-HCO3-Cl. Based on Na-Cl contents, the fraction of sea water into the Ciliwung River reached 2% in the Mangga Dua site during the dry season and decreased to 0.7% during the rainy season in 2015. The much higher monthly rainfall during the dry season in 2016 and 2018 had washed out invading seawater from the Mangga Dua site; its fraction of sea water was less than 0.4%. Saturation indexes with respect to calcite, dolomite, and gypsum minerals showed an increasing trend related to the decreasing elevations. All water samples were undersaturated with respect to gypsum. Meanwhile, saturation indexes with respect to calcite and dolomite mostly indicated undersaturated, except in the Mangga Dua site that was saturated (during the rainy season in 2015 and dry season in 2018) and supersaturated during the dry season in 2015.

scholarly journals Spatio-Temporal Variations of Hydrochemical and Microbial Characteristics in Karst Water in Samcheok, South Korea

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3407
Author(s):  
Han-Sun Ryu ◽  
Heejung Kim ◽  
Jin-Yong Lee ◽  
Jiwook Jang ◽  
Sangwook Park
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Karst Water ◽  
Seasonal Characteristics ◽  
Microbial Characteristics ◽  
Spatio Temporal

This study analyzed the hydrochemical characteristics and microbial communities of karst water in Samcheok, Korea, and compared water quality results to identify the seasonal characteristics and hydrogeological connectivity of the study areas of Hamaengbang-ri, Gyogok-ri, Yeosam-ri, and the downtown area of Samcheok. Field survey and water quality analysis were performed in July 2019, February 2020, and April 2020. Hydrochemical analysis of karst water (groundwater and surface water) showed that most samples were comprised of Ca-HCO3 and that water–rock interactions were a dominant factor compared to precipitation and evaporation (crystallization). For seasonal characteristics, water–rock interactions appeared more active in the dry season than in the rainy season. Calcite weathering was dominant in the dry season, whereas dolomite weathering dominated the rainy season. Moreover, the saturation indexes for the dry and rainy seasons were less than and greater than 0, respectively, corresponding to an unsaturation (oversaturation) state; thus, white precipitate distributed in the study areas was deposited in the rainy season. Finally, as a result of analyzing the hydraulic characteristics between regions, hydrogeological similarities were identified between Hamaengbang-ri and Yeosam-ri, and between Gyogok-ri and downtown Samcheok, which suggested hydrogeological connectivity between each of the pairs.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Koagulan PAC dan Tawas Terhadap Surfaktan dan Kecepatan Pengendapan Flok Dalam Proses Koagulasi Flokulasi

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvis Umbu Lolo ◽  
Yonathan Suryo Pambudi ◽  
Richardus Indra Gunawan ◽  
Widianto Widianto
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
River Water ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
West Java ◽  
Receiving Water

Surfactants are compounds that make up deterjents, which if deterjent is dumped into the river it will cause pollution. In the province of West Java, river water and receiving water bodies, based on the results of the study, showed moderate to severe pollution by wastewater containing deterjents. The results showed that the PAC coagulant and alum has a small effect on the decrease in surfactant and floc velocity settling, where the decrease in surfactant in the rainy season for PAC coagulant is 49.51% and alum coagulant 40.73%. While in the dry season the decrease in surfactant with PAC coagulant 41.06% and alum coagulant 31.10%. Then the floc velocity settling was measured to explain the correlation of surfactant decline, and the results obtained for the rainy season floc velocity settling with PAC coagulant was 0.80 cm / minute and alum was 0.27 cm / minute. Whereas in the dry season with the PAC coagulant the floc velocity settling was 0.91 cm / minute and the alum coagulant was 0.31 cm / minute. The results of quantitative regression analysis with the SPSS statistical test showed that the H0 hypothesis was accepted, that the coagulant had no effect on surfactant reduction and floc velocity settling.

scholarly journals Hydrogeological, hydrochemical, and natural isotopes evaluation of groundwater and surface water interactions in the alluvial plain, tropical region of southeastern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waldilene Correa ◽  
Sueli Pereira ◽  
Joaquim Ernesto Bernardes ◽  
Paulo Ricardo Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Alluvial Plain ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Natural Isotopes ◽  
Abandoned Meanders

Groundwater-Surface water interactions in alluvial plains facing morphological features are the subject of the study. Considered transitions zones, alluvial plains have different morphological features interfering with groundwater flow and hydrochemistry. The alluvial plain of Mogi Guaçu river (southeastern Brazil) presented topography-controlled groundwater flow, nevertheless, natural levees, wet fields, oxbow lakes, and abandoned meanders can control local flow and interfere in discharges points of the main river. Two sampling water campaigns were done in the dry and wet season for physicochemical and natural isotopes analysis, collecting in total 44 groundwaters samples from monitoring wells and eight water samples from the river, creek, and lake. The groundwaters in wet fields and terraces, and surface waters from creek and lake presented low mineralization (EC from 8 to 37 μS.cm), pH acidic (4.98 to 5.8), and essentially Ca and Na-HCO composition. River waters samples presented pH between 5.92 e 7.69 (acidic in the rainy season and basic in the dry season), and EC from 24.2 and 181.1 μS/cm (lower values in the wet season), Na-HCO and Na-HCO-SO (dry season) and Ca-HCO and Na-HCO (rainy season) compositions. In dry season groundwaters composition showed evolution from sodium mixed (SO – HCO) to bicarbonate waters and higher mineralization; in wet season waters varied from Ca to Na-HCO composition and low mineralization, denoting dilution due to rainwater infiltration. Closer to the river margins, in abandoned meanders and oxbows, the groundwaters have increased values of EC and major ions indicating GW-SW mixtures, and effluent-influent changes (descendent and ascendent flux) in wet and dry seasons, respectively. Natural isotopes in groundwaters imply meteoric origin, without evaporation during recharge and high d-excess can be influenced by continental air masses and Amazonia Basin low-level jet. Shallow water table, permeable silty-sand material of vadose zone, flat terrain, and pristine conditions can contribute to direct infiltration of rainwaters, recharging the shallow aquifer.

scholarly journals The Corrosivity Level of Rawa Pening Downstream Surface Water in the Dry and Rainy Season

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-222
Author(s):  
Purwono Purwono ◽  
Wiharyanto Oktiawan ◽  
Titik Istirokhatun ◽  
Agus Nurfaiz
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Geological Material ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Microbiological Parameters

Corrosion is an important factor that can affect the quality of air used by humans. This has an impact on health and economic factors, damage to air distribution equipment. The level of corrosivity of surface water as raw water for drinking water is important to be examined before the water enters the processing process or other uses such as hydroelectric power (PLTA). This study aims to measure the level of water corrosivity on the surface of the Pening swamp during the dry and rainy seasons in 2018. Taking air samples on the surface of the Pening swamp, then carrying out laboratory tests on the parameters of air corrosivity. The results showed that the downstream surface of the Pening swamp was not corrosive in terms of pH, temperature, TDS, and chloride parameters. The pH value in the dry season (J1) is 7.00, while in the rainy (J2) it is 7.77 and is non-corrosive. The temperature values are 28.6oC and 29.3oC in the rainy and dry seasons, respectively. The TDS measurement results in the dry season are lower than the rainy season by a difference of 12 mg / l. In the dry season it is 141 mg / l and the rainy season is 153 mg / l. This increase probably came from geological material (geological material) such as rocks and soil around the Pening Swamp Lake. Other sources of TDS include urban land, road workers, agricultural land and pasture. Human activities also increase in the increase of TDS in water including domestic activities (bathing and washing), trade, and industry. Chloride levels were 2.19 mg / l and 3.19 mg / l. This research has implications for the users of Sungai Pening Swamp. The corrosivity of air measurement is also by microbiological parameters which need to be investigated further.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical assessment of waters used to irrigate agricultural lands of Amazon

2021 ◽  
pp. 1066-1073
Author(s):  
Suziane Magalhães do Nascimento ◽  
Joaquim Alves de Lima Júnior ◽  
Pedro Moreira de Sousa Júnior ◽  
Mateus Higo Daves Alves ◽  
Janile do Nascimento Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Analysis ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Geological Formation

The use of pesticides / fertilizers in plantations has become a problem in maintaining the quality of surface water. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the water quality for irrigation purposes in the Rio Apéu microbasin – Para. The physico-chemical parameters evaluated were: pH, DO, SAR, TDS and EC measured in situ and the metals Al, Fe, Na, Ca, Mg determined in the laboratory Evandro Chagas Institute, according to the method of APHA. The average levels of pH (5.51), OD (5.04 mg L-1) are indications of normal condition in Amazonian waters. The results of Al (332 mg L-1) and Fe (5.74 mg L -1) imply the leaching of sediments from the geological formation of the region rich in these minerals, even though they present values above what is recommended by the legislation. The Richard classification allowed us to define that the waters of the study area have low salinity and sodicity, so they are not restricted to use. Thus, the results of the water quality analysis in the watershed can be concluded that it does not offer environmental problems in the use for irrigation activity

scholarly journals Seasonal variation in quality of Louhajong river water, Tangail

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Md Rakib Hasan Sarker ◽  
Asadul Islam ◽  
Ariful Islam ◽  
Md Mahbubul Hoque ◽  
Shimul Roy
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
River Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Fish Culture ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Standard Level

Water samples were collected from three points of Louhajong river (Dighulia, Kagmari Bridge and Oloa) to see the seasonal variation in physico-chemical parameters. The results revealed that some of the parameters such as TDS, alkalinity and acidity have exceeded the standard level in dry season in all of the points, which are unsuitable for different purposes including fish culture. During dry and wet seasons the highest concentrations of BOD was recorded as 2.0 and 0.8 ppm at Kagmari Bridge (point-2) respectively. DO ranged from 1.4 to 3.1 and 2.4 to 3.8 ppm during dry and wet seasons. Maximum and minimum EC was recorded as 890 and 130 ?s/cm at Dighulia (point-1) during dry and wet seasons. The results suggest that at wet season Louhajong river may be suitable for fish culture and other purposes.Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 28(1): 9-16, June-2015

scholarly journals Heavy Metals Assessment of Abattoir Effluent on Surface Water Quality of River Katsina-Ala of Benue State, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 90-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Addy Jose Vershima ◽  
Kabough Jonathan Terkimbi ◽  
Azua Terese ◽  
Aliyu Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Heavy Metal Content

Water samples of six sampling sites (two downstream, two abattoir sites and two upstream sites) were analyzed using standard methods to determined and assessed heavy metal content of abattoir effluent on surface water quality of River Katsina-Ala, Benue State, Nigeria for rainy and dry seasons. Rainy season heavy metals results were; Cr6+ (0.032+0.06mg/l); Mn2+ (0.16+0.034mg/l); Cu2+ (0.86 +0.46mg/l); Pb2+(0.006+0.002mg/;Cd2+(0.0023+0.004mg/l) and the dry season results were: Cr6+(0.028+0.007mg/l); Mn2+(0.07+0.05mg/l); Cu2+(0.85+0.16mg/l); Pb2+(0.0030+0.014mg/l); Cd2+(0.0021+0.012mg/). Most heavy metals for both seasons were within the maximum permissible limit set by Federal Ministry of Environment, Nigeria (1991). The mean concentrations of Zn2+(1.70+0.29 mg/l) for rainy season and Zn2+(1.33+0.23mg/l) dry season were above the control and standard safe limits of < 1mg/l FMEnv (1991) for surface water quality. There was no significance difference (p<0.05) between the means from upstream and downstream sites for both seasons; though significance difference (p<0.05) existed at the abattoir sites. River Katsina –ala is slightly polluted. Heavy metal content from effluents from abattoir contributed to upset the physicochemical balance of the river. Bioaccumulation and bio-magnification of heavy metals may occur from prolong usage of the river water for drinking. It is suggested that the abattoir effluent be treated before discharge into the river to reduce environmental and health hazards.

scholarly journals Distributions of Microplastics in Surface Water, Fish, and Sediment in the Vicinity of a Sewage Treatment Plant

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3333
Author(s):  
Tae-Jin Park ◽  
Seung-Hyun Lee ◽  
Myung-Sung Lee ◽  
Jae-Kwan Lee ◽  
Ji-Hyoung Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Water Fish ◽  
Receiving Waters ◽  
The Impact

Microplastics are ubiquitously found in freshwater and marine environments worldwide. In particular, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) or sewage treatment plants (STPs) have been recognized as a main source of microplastics in the receiving freshwater. However, only a few studies have been conducted to examine the impact of these facilities on receiving waters. In this study, we investigated the distribution of microplastics in surface water, fish, and sediment near a sewage treatment plant (STP) in the Tanchon stream, one of the main tributaries flowing into the Han River, Korea. The concentration of microplastics in water varied spatially and temporarily, ranging between 5.3 and 87.3 particles/m3 (31.4 ± 28.5 particles/m3). In fish, the concentration in upstream and downstream sites was 7.3 ± 7.3 and 12.4 ± 17.9 particles/fish, respectively. Spatially, the downstream site was the most polluted with microplastics in water and fish. The concentration of microplastics was positively correlated with fish body length and weight. In sediment, microplastic concentration in upstream and downstream sites was 493.1 ± 136.0 and 380.0 ± 144.2 particles/kg, respectively. The contribution of upstream to the microplastic load in downstream was 15.8% in dry season (April), which was higher than that of STP effluent and Yangjaechon creek. Meanwhile, the highest load was observed in STP effluent (5.1%) in rainy season (August). Microplastics were more abundant in water in the rainy season (37.4 ± 37.0 particles/m3) than in the dry season (28.2 ± 22.2 particles/m3). Polyethylene (49%) and polypropylene (18%) were the most abundant polymer types in water, fish, and sediment. Regarding shape of microplastics, fragments were dominant (95%) over fiber and film in water, fish, and sediment.

scholarly journals The annual effective dose due to natural radionuclides in the reservoir and tap water in Yaoundé area, Cameroon

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Marie Lydie ◽  
R. Martin Nemba
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Reservoir Water ◽  
Naturally Occurring Radionuclides

The average concentrations of radionuclides of reservoir and tap water in the Yaoundé area, with a population of 1.5 million inhabitants were estimated from measurements of mean specific activity using a well calibrated Canberra NaI(Tl) detector system. Water samples were collected from reservoirs and taps during the dry and the rainy seasons respectively in December 2002 and July 2003. The radionuclides observed with regularity belonged to the decay series naturally occurring radionuclides headed by 238U and 232Th as well as the non-series nuclide 40K. The average specific activity values obtained for 40K, 226Ra and 228Ra, respectively were for reservoir water 70 ± 11 BqL–1; 8.7 ± 3.5 BqL–1; 0.6 ± 0.2 BqL–1 during the dry season, and 50 ± 9 BqL–1; 8.5 ± 3.7 BqL–1; 0.6 ± 0.2 BqL–1 during the rainy season and for tap water, we have respectively 111 ± 17 BqL–1; 11.4 ± 3.7 BqL–1; 1 ± 0.3 BqL–1 during the dry season, and 51 ± 10 BqL–1; 9 ± 3.5 BqL–1; 0.7 ± 0.2 BqL–1 during the rainy season. The annual effective dose received by Yaoundé adult population as a result of ingestion of this drinking water is respectively 0.925 mSv for the reservoir water and 1.052 mSv for the tap water.

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