scholarly journals Evaluation of multisource precipitation input for hydrological modeling in an alpine basin: a case study from the Yellow River Source Region (China)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengfei Gu ◽  
Gaoxu WANG ◽  
Guodong Liu ◽  
Yongxiang Wu ◽  
Hongwei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Source Region ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Yellow River Source ◽  
Precipitation Events

Alpine basins are essential to the conservation of water resources. However, they are typically poorly gauged and inaccessible, owing to the harsh prevailing environment and complex terrain. To investigate the influences of different precipitation inputs on hydrological modeling in alpine basins, two representative satellite precipitation products [Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and Integrated Multi-Satellite Retrievals for GPM (IMERG)] and two reanalysis precipitation products [China Meteorological Assimilation Driving Datasets for the SWAT model (CMADS) and Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR)] in the Yellow River Source Region (YRSR) were selected for evaluation and hydrological verification against gauge-observed data (GO). Results indicates that the accuracy of these precipitation products in the warm season is higher than that in the cold season, and IMERG has the best performance, followed by CMADS, CFSR, and TRMM. TRMM seriously overestimates high rainfall of greater than 10 mm/day. CFSR overestimates moderate precipitation events of 1–10 mm/d, while CMADS underestimates the effects of precipitation events of 1–20 mm/d. Models using the GO as input yielded satisfactory performance during 2008–2013, and precipitation products have poor simulation results. Although the model using IMERG as input yielded unsatisfactory performance during 2014–2016, this did not affect the use of IMERG as a potential data source for YRSR. After bias correction, the quality of CFSR improves significantly with R2 and NSE increasing by 0.25 and 0.31 at Tangnaihai station, respectively. Model driven by the combination of GO and CMADS precipitation performed the best in all scenarios (R2 = 0.77, NSE = 0.72 at Tangnaihai station; R2 = 0.53, NSE = 0.48 at Jimai station). These results can provide reference data, and research ideas, for improved hydrological modeling of alpine basins.

scholarly journals Statistical Evaluation of the Latest GPM-Era IMERG and GSMaP Satellite Precipitation Products in the Yellow River Source Region

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiayong Shi ◽  
Fei Yuan ◽  
Chunxiang Shi ◽  
Chongxu Zhao ◽  
Limin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Source Region ◽  
Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission ◽  
Heavy Rain ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Light Rain ◽  
Yellow River Source ◽  
Rain Events

As the successor of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission, Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) has released a range of satellite-based precipitation products (SPPs). This study conducts a comparative analysis on the quality of the integrated multisatellite retrievals for GPM (IMERG) and global satellite mapping of precipitation (GSMaP) SPPs in the Yellow River source region (YRSR). This research includes the eight latest GPM-era SPPs, namely, IMERG “Early,” “Late,” and “Final” run SPPs (IMERG-E, IMERG-L, and IMERG-F) and GSMaP gauge-adjusted product (GSMaP-Gauge), microwave-infrared reanalyzed product (GSMaP-MVK), near-real-time product (GSMaP-NRT), near-real-time product with gauge-based adjustment (GSMaP-Gauge-NRT), and real-time product (GSMaP-NOW). In addition, the IMERG SPPs were compared with GSMaP SPPs at multiple spatiotemporal scales. Results indicate that among the three IMERG SPPs, IMERG-F exhibited the lowest systematic errors and the best quality, followed by IMERG-E and IMERG-L. IMERG-E and IMERG-L underestimated the occurrences of light-rain events but overestimated the moderate and heavy rain events. For GSMaP SPPs, GSMaP-Gauge presented the best performance in terms of various statistical metrics, followed by GSMaP-Gauge-NRT. GSMaP-MVK and GSMaP-NRT remarkably overestimated total precipitation, and GSMaP-NOW showed an evident underestimation. By comparing the performances of IMERG and GSMaP SPPs, GSMaP-Gauge-NRT provided the best precipitation estimates among all real-time and near-real-time SPPs. For post-real-time SPPs, GSMaP-Gauge presented the highest capability at the daily scale, and IMERG-F slightly outperformed the other SPPs at the monthly scale. This study is one of the earliest studies focusing on the quality of the latest IMERG and GSMaP SPPs. The findings of this study provide SPP developers with valuable information on the quality of the latest GPM-era SPPs in YRSR and help SPP researchers to refine the precipitation retrieving algorithms to improve the applicability of SPPs.

scholarly journals Impact of Land Cover Types on Riverine CO2 Outgassing in the Yellow River Source Region

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2243
Author(s):  
Mingyang Tian ◽  
Xiankun Yang ◽  
Lishan Ran ◽  
Yuanrong Su ◽  
Lingyu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Source Region ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
Land Cover Types ◽  
Yellow River Source ◽  
Alpine Rivers

Under the context of climate change, studying CO2 emissions in alpine rivers is important because of the large carbon storage in these terrestrial ecosystems. In this study, riverine partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) and CO2 emission flux (FCO2) in the Yellow River source region (YRSR) under different landcover types, including glaciers, permafrost, peatlands, and grasslands, were systematically investigated in April, June, August, and October 2016. Relevant chemical and environmental parameters were analyzed to explore the primary controlling factors. The results showed that most of the rivers in the YRSR were net CO2 source, with the pCO2 ranging from 181 to 2441 μatm and the FCO2 ranging from −50 to 1574 mmol m−2 d−1. Both pCO2 and FCO2 showed strong spatial and temporal variations. The highest average FCO2 was observed in August, while the lowest average was observed in June. Spatially, the lowest FCO2 were observed in the permafrost regions while the highest FCO2 were observed in peatland. By integrating seasonal changes of the water surface area, total CO2 efflux was estimated to be 0.30 Tg C year−1. This indicates that the YRSR was a net carbon source for the atmosphere, which contradicts previous studies that conclude the YRSR as a carbon sink. More frequent measurements of CO2 fluxes, particularly through several diel cycles, are necessary to confirm this conclusion. Furthermore, our study suggested that the riverine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in permafrost (5.0 ± 2.4 mg L−1) is possibly derived from old carbon released from permafrost melting, which is equivalent to that in peatland regions (5.1 ± 3.7 mg L−1). The degradation of DOC may have played an important role in supporting riverine CO2, especially in permafrost and glacier-covered regions. The percent coverage of corresponding land cover types is a good indicator for estimating riverine pCO2 in the YRSR. In view of the extensive distribution of alpine rivers in the world and their sensitivity to climate change, future studies on dynamics of stream water pCO2 and CO2 outgassing are strongly needed to better understand the global carbon cycle.

scholarly journals Research on valuation of water system in source region of the yellow river based on emergy theory

2018 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 01089
Author(s):  
Yongqiang Wang ◽  
Zhiming Liu ◽  
Zhe Yuan ◽  
Jijun Xu ◽  
Jin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Source Region ◽  
Source Area ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
Yellow River Source ◽  
Value Of Water

Taking the source region of the Yellow River as an example, this paper first introduces the theory of energy value and its basic steps. Then combined with the Yellow River source area, the variation characteristics of precipitation and surface water resources from 1961 to 2011 in the Yellow River source area were analyzed, and both of them showed a trend of decreasing year by year. On this basis, using the theory of energy value, combined with relevant parameters, taking 2011 year as an example, further analyses the chemical energy and solar energy of water resources in the Yellow River source area, and gives the value of surface water resources. The value of water resources per unit is 1.59 yuan/m3. For the Yellow River source area, the overall value of water resources for the whole basin in 2011 is 33.55 billion yuan. It can provide a reference for the analysis of the value of surface water resources in the Yellow River Basin.

Impacts of snow disaster on meat production and adaptation: an empirical analysis in the yellow river source region

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-ping Fang ◽  
Chen Zhao ◽  
Yong-jian Ding ◽  
Da-he Qin ◽  
Jia-li Huang
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Source Region ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Yellow River Source

scholarly journals Impacts of climate warming on the frozen ground and eco-hydrology in the Yellow River source region, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 605-606 ◽  
pp. 830-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Qin ◽  
Dawen Yang ◽  
Bing Gao ◽  
Taihua Wang ◽  
Jinsong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Warming ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Source Region ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Frozen Ground ◽  
Yellow River Source

scholarly journals Expected changes in future temperature extremes and their elevation dependency over the Yellow River source region

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2501-2514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Hu ◽  
S. Maskey ◽  
S. Uhlenbrook
Keyword(s):  
Interannual Variability ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Source Region ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Hot Days ◽  
Yellow River Source ◽  
Temperature Indices ◽  
Ipcc Sres

Abstract. Using the Statistical DownScaling Model (SDSM) and the outputs from two global climate models, we investigate possible changes in mean and extreme temperature indices and their elevation dependency over the Yellow River source region for the two future periods 2046–2065 and 2081–2100 under the IPCC SRES A2, A1B and B1 emission scenarios. Changes in interannual variability of mean and extreme temperature indices are also analyzed. The validation results show that SDSM performs better in reproducing the maximum temperature-related indices than the minimum temperature-related indices. The projections show that by the middle and end of the 21st century all parts of the study region may experience increases in both mean and extreme temperature in all seasons, along with an increase in the frequency of hot days and warm nights and with a decrease in frost days. By the end of the 21st century, interannual variability increases in all seasons for the frequency of hot days and warm nights and in spring for frost days while it decreases for frost days in summer. Autumn demonstrates pronounced elevation-dependent changes in which around six out of eight indices show significant increasing changes with elevation.

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