scholarly journals The Role of the Visual Aesthetic Quality of Public Space in Appropriation Processes of Large-Scale Residential Areas = Lielmēroga dzīvojamo rajonu publiskās ārtelpas vizuāli estētiskās kvalitātes nozīme tās izmantošanas procesos

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Agnese Kusmane ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Aesthetic Quality ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Spatial Quality ◽  
The Impact

Agnese Kusmane's (Mg.art.) Doctoral thesis “The Role of the Visual Aesthetic Quality of Public Space in Appropriation Processes of Large-Scale Residential Areas” is based on the topicality of the theme: residents' dissatisfaction with the quality of public space in large-scale residential areas being one of the most important aspects of topicality. The aim of the work is to evaluate the impact of the visual aesthetic quality of public space on the intensity of its appropriation in large-scale residential areas and provide landscape and building architects with the methodological framework for the reconstruction of public spaces in these areas. In order to achieve the aim of the thesis, the following tasks have been carried out: environmental psychology findings on aesthetic quality evaluation connecting metric values, configurational components and space-forming elements have been compiled, creating Matrix of Visual Aesthetic Quality of Space; brief overviews of the history and current state of large-scale residential areas in Riga and Berlin has been provided; a semi-structured interview method has been developed and applied for the study of spatial quality assessment of residents in three large-scale residential areas of Riga, amending the Matrix with data obtained through the semi-structured interviews; the relation between the intensity of public space appropriation and the landscape design and spatial organization in Berlin residential areas has been studied with the observation methods, controlling and refining the Matrix of Visual Aesthetic Quality of Space; a method for measuring spatial quality based on the Matrix has been developed. Several methods have been used in the work, including the monographic, semi-structured interview, deduction, participatory observation. There are four chapters in the work. The first chapter analyses the literature dedicated to the research of spatial quality, its impact on the intensity of outdoor appropriation. Based on the findings of environmental psychology, a category-based initial version of the Matrix of Visual Aesthetic Quality of Space is developed. The Matrix correlates the assessment of the visual aesthetic quality of the public space and the expected intensity of appropriation. The first chapter concludes with the development of methodological steps aimed at improving and refining the Matrix. The second chapter examines large-scale residential areas of Riga and Berlin from a historical and contemporary perspective. The demographic characteristics of the population are also considered. In the second chapter, it is concluded that residential areas of Riga and Berlin are compatible for studying the impact of public visual aesthetic quality on the intensity of its appropriation, and the data can be converted into the Matrix. In the third chapter, the assessment of public space quality is performed through the initial version of the Matrix, finding out which spatial categories are represented in large-scale residential areas in Riga and Berlin. Further, semi-structured interviews are conducted in residential areas of Riga on the relation between the aesthetic quality of public space and the expected intensity of appropriation, the interview data are included in the Matrix, improving it. At the end of the chapter, observations are carried out focused on relation between the visual aesthetic quality of public space and the intensity of appropriation in Berlin; the obtained data is integrated into the Matrix of Visual Aesthetic Quality of Space, specifying it. The fourth chapter discusses the findings of the work on the relationship between the assessment of the visual aesthetic quality of the public space and the intensity of its appropriation. At the beginning of the chapter, the relation between the metric values, configurational components and space-forming elements of different spatial categories included in the Matrix and the intensity of outdoor appropriation is analysed in detail. Further, the chapter discusses the role of the blue-green structure in the context of public space appropriation forecasting. The fourth chapter concludes with methodological recommendations for the application of the Matrix of Visual esthetic Quality of Space. The paper concludes that the intensity of outdoor appropriation can be most accurately predicted in outdoor areas dominated by blue-green structure. The thesis consists of 172 pages. The thesis includes 30 tables, 80 figures, 3 appendices and 372 sources.

scholarly journals BACKGROUND TO DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE OF KYIV CITY AGGLOMERATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
I. Savchuk
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Urban Agglomeration ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Ownership Of Land ◽  
The Cost

The role of prerequisites in the development of the transport infrastructure of the capital of Ukraine is revealed. The author formulated methodological approaches to them. A comprehensive geographical description of the prerequisites for the development of the transport infrastructure of the Kyiv city agglomeration was carried out. It has been established that the main limitations are economic factors, which is caused by the highest cost of land resources in Ukraine precisely within this urban agglomeration. Natural factors continue to play a significant role only when carrying out specific prospecting for laying various types of infrastructure objects within it. There are new factors in the functioning and development of transport infrastructure. These include, first of all, the formation of united territorial communities. Their boundaries should be brought to life and their socio-economic development plans and spatial schemes should be developed. Thus, it is necessary to take into account local needs in the development of transport infrastructure with the general needs of the entire Kyiv city agglomeration. A significant role is played by the ownership of land. The concentration of land ownership in the hands of speculators and large developers leads to a sharp rise in the cost of the robot to acquire the necessary land for the construction of a new infrastructure. As a result, many new large residential areas do not have the necessary access roads and they are not connected to the citywide communications system. This leads to significant new problems for the solution of which it is necessary to coordinate new large-scale housing construction with the laying infrastructure. The main problem remains transport accessibility. Laying of highways to new buildings should be carried out at the expense of local budgets. However, there is often a conflict of interest between developers and local authorities. The latter do not want to invest substantial funds in the construction of roads and other types of infrastructure due to the fact that the cost of new relevant construction is much higher than the cost of housing built at the expense of borrowed funds. Thus, the existing suburban transport infrastructure takes on an ever-increasing stream of new daily commuter migrants. As a result, the quality of services provided drops sharply. This leads to a deterioration in the quality of life throughout the urban agglomeration.

scholarly journals The neglected role of Student-Faculty Interaction in Quality of Indian Higher Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (II) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Arsh Arora ◽  
Kaveri Arora
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Faculty Interaction ◽  
Economics Students ◽  
Indian Higher Education ◽  
The Impact

There are various ways to enhance the quality of education in universities as it is an essential vitamin in the diet of students’ learning. The research paper focuses particularly on student- faculty interaction which is generally a neglected aspect. The authors adopted intensive secondary research to understand and analyze the role of student-faculty interaction in enhancing the quality of education. Besides, the authors also conducted primary research for economics students for analysis. The authors found that the research in this field is rarely taken up in India by academicians and thus, there are a lot of gaps to fill. There are no large-scale studies conducted to provide evidence regarding the impact of interaction on students and how it is affected by gender, social class, and ethnicity.

Strategic Role of Zakat in Multidimensional Quality of Life in Sijunjung, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
Herlin Hamimi ◽  
Abdul Ghafar Ismail ◽  
Muhammad Hasbi Zaenal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Status ◽  
Being There ◽  
The Impact

Zakat is one of the five pillars of Islam which has a function of faith, social and economic functions. Muslims who can pay zakat are required to give at least 2.5 per cent of their wealth. The problem of poverty prevalent in disadvantaged regions because of the difficulty of access to information and communication led to a gap that is so high in wealth and resources. The instrument of zakat provides a paradigm in the achievement of equitable wealth distribution and healthy circulation. Zakat potentially offers a better life and improves the quality of human being. There is a human quality improvement not only in economic terms but also in spiritual terms such as improving religiousity. This study aims to examine the role of zakat to alleviate humanitarian issues in disadvantaged regions such as Sijunjung, one of zakat beneficiaries and impoverished areas in Indonesia. The researcher attempted a Cibest method to capture the impact of zakat beneficiaries before and after becoming a member of Zakat Community Development (ZCD) Program in material and spiritual value. The overall analysis shows that zakat has a positive impact on disadvantaged regions development and enhance the quality of life of the community. There is an improvement in the average of mustahik household incomes after becoming a member of ZCD Program. Cibest model demonstrates that material, spiritual, and absolute poverty index decreased by 10, 5, and 6 per cent. Meanwhile, the welfare index is increased by 21 per cent. These findings have significant implications for developing the quality of life in disadvantaged regions in Sijunjung. Therefore, zakat is one of the instruments to change the status of disadvantaged areas to be equivalent to other areas.

HOME VISITS DURING THE FIRST MONTH OF DELIVERY FOR RECENTLY DELIVERED WOMEN IN UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1183-1189
Author(s):  
Dr. Tridibesh Tripathy ◽  
Dr. Umakant Prusty ◽  
Dr. Chintamani Nayak ◽  
Dr. Rakesh Dwivedi ◽  
Dr. Mohini Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
National Level ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
The Other ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Action Group ◽  
Current Article ◽  
The Impact

The current article of Uttar Pradesh (UP) is about the ASHAs who are the daughters-in-law of a family that resides in the same community that they serve as the grassroots health worker since 2005 when the NRHM was introduced in the Empowered Action Group (EAG) states. UP is one such Empowered Action Group (EAG) state. The current study explores the actual responses of Recently Delivered Women (RDW) on their visits during the first month of their recent delivery. From the catchment area of each of the 250 ASHAs, two RDWs were selected who had a child in the age group of 3 to 6 months during the survey. The response profiles of the RDWs on the post- delivery first month visits are dwelled upon to evolve a picture representing the entire state of UP. The relevance of the study assumes significance as detailed data on the modalities of postnatal visits are available but not exclusively for the first month period of their recent delivery. The details of the post-delivery first month period related visits are not available even in large scale surveys like National Family Health Survey 4 done in 2015-16. The current study gives an insight in to these visits with a five-point approach i.e. type of personnel doing the visit, frequency of the visits, visits done in a particular week from among those four weeks separately for the three visits separately. The current study is basically regarding the summary of this Penta approach for the post- delivery one-month period.     The first month period after each delivery deals with 70% of the time of the postnatal period & the entire neonatal period. Therefore, it does impact the Maternal Mortality Rate & Ratio (MMR) & the Neonatal Mortality Rates (NMR) in India and especially in UP through the unsafe Maternal & Neonatal practices in the first month period after delivery. The current MM Rate of UP is 20.1 & MM Ratio is 216 whereas the MM ratio is 122 in India (SRS, 2019). The Sample Registration System (SRS) report also mentions that the Life Time Risk (LTR) of a woman in pregnancy is 0.7% which is the highest in the nation (SRS, 2019). This means it is very risky to give birth in UP in comparison to other regions in the country (SRS, 2019). This risk is at the peak in the first month period after each delivery. Similarly, the current NMR in India is 23 per 1000 livebirths (UNIGME,2018). As NMR data is not available separately for states, the national level data also hold good for the states and that’s how for the state of UP as well. These mortalities are the impact indicators and such indicators can be reduced through long drawn processes that includes effective and timely visits to RDWs especially in the first month period after delivery. This would help in making their post-natal & neonatal stage safe. This is the area of post-delivery first month visit profile detailing that the current article helps in popping out in relation to the recent delivery of the respondents.   A total of four districts of Uttar Pradesh were selected purposively for the study and the data collection was conducted in the villages of the respective districts with the help of a pre-tested structured interview schedule with both close-ended and open-ended questions.  The current article deals with five close ended questions with options, two for the type of personnel & frequency while the other three are for each of the three visits in the first month after the recent delivery of respondents. In addition, in-depth interviews were also conducted amongst the RDWs and a total 500 respondents had participated in the study.   Among the districts related to this article, the results showed that ASHA was the type of personnel who did the majority of visits in all the four districts. On the other hand, 25-40% of RDWs in all the 4 districts replied that they did not receive any visit within the first month of their recent delivery. Regarding frequency, most of the RDWs in all the 4 districts received 1-2 times visits by ASHAs.   Regarding the first visit, it was found that the ASHAs of Barabanki and Gonda visited less percentage of RDWs in the first week after delivery. Similarly, the second visit revealed that about 1.2% RDWs in Banda district could not recall about the visit. Further on the second visit, the RDWs responded that most of them in 3 districts except Gonda district did receive the second postnatal visit in 7-15 days after their recent delivery. Less than half of RDWs in Barabanki district & just more than half of RDWs in Gonda district received the third visit in 15-21 days period after delivery. For the same period, the majority of RDWs in the rest two districts responded that they had been entertained through a home visit.

The Impact of Quantitative Easing on Emerging Markets – Literature Review

e-Finanse ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Piotr Bartkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Quantitative Easing ◽  
Methodological Choices ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sufficient Precision

AbstractThe article presents the results of the review of the empirical literature regarding the impact of quantitative easing (QE) on emerging markets (EMs). The subject is of interest to policymakers and researchers due to the increasingly larger role of EMs in the world economy and the large-scale capital flows occurring after 2009. The review is conducted in a systematic manner and takes into consideration different methodological choices, samples and measurement issues. The paper puts the summarized results in the context of transmission channels identified in the literature. There are few distinct methodological approaches present in the literature. While there is a consensus regarding the direction of the impact of QE on EMs, its size and durability have not yet been assessed with sufficient precision. In addition, there are clear gaps in the empirical findings, not least related to relative underrepresentation of the CEE region (in particular, Poland).

Zmiana modelu zarządzania i nadzoru nad jakością kształcenia w szkolnictwie wyższym. Perspektywa doświadczeń Republiki Federalnej Niemiec

2020 ◽  
pp. 137-149
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Szewior
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
University Management ◽  
Strategic Partner ◽  
Higher Education Reforms ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Desk Research

The author focuses on the manner and effects of German higher education reforms that have changed the model of university management. The point of reference is the quality of education and its role, how universities ensure it, and how it is verified through evaluation and accreditation. These elements divide the article into two parts: a part about quality and a part about evaluation and accreditation. The analysis includes the impact of global processes and Europeanization. The research approach is characteristic for public policies, sciences of management and quality. The theories used in this article: the theory of systems and neo-institutionalism, as well as perspectives: the university as an active strategic partner, entrepreneurial university, the third role of universities. The publication is based on desk research and on the analysis of processes.

Situational Breakdowns

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Nassauer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Outcomes ◽  
Dynamic Processes ◽  
Collective Decisions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

This book provides an account of how and why routine interactions break down and how such situational breakdowns lead to protest violence and other types of surprising social outcomes. It takes a close-up look at the dynamic processes of how situations unfold and compares their role to that of motivations, strategies, and other contextual factors. The book discusses factors that can draw us into violent situations and describes how and why we make uncommon individual and collective decisions. Covering different types of surprise outcomes from protest marches and uprisings turning violent to robbers failing to rob a store at gunpoint, it shows how unfolding situations can override our motivations and strategies and how emotions and culture, as well as rational thinking, still play a part in these events. The first chapters study protest violence in Germany and the United States from 1960 until 2010, taking a detailed look at what happens between the start of a protest and the eruption of violence or its peaceful conclusion. They compare the impact of such dynamics to the role of police strategies and culture, protesters’ claims and violent motivations, the black bloc and agents provocateurs. The analysis shows how violence is triggered, what determines its intensity, and which measures can avoid its outbreak. The book explores whether we find similar situational patterns leading to surprising outcomes in other types of small- and large-scale events: uprisings turning violent, such as Ferguson in 2014 and Baltimore in 2015, and failed armed store robberies.

scholarly journals The Interactions between Polyphenols and Microorganisms, Especially Gut Microbiota

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Makarewicz ◽  
Iwona Drożdż ◽  
Tomasz Tarko ◽  
Aleksandra Duda-Chodak
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Human Organism ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Intestinal Pathogens ◽  
The Impact

This review presents the comprehensive knowledge about the bidirectional relationship between polyphenols and the gut microbiome. The first part is related to polyphenols’ impacts on various microorganisms, especially bacteria, and their influence on intestinal pathogens. The research data on the mechanisms of polyphenol action were collected together and organized. The impact of various polyphenols groups on intestinal bacteria both on the whole “microbiota” and on particular species, including probiotics, are presented. Moreover, the impact of polyphenols present in food (bound to the matrix) was compared with the purified polyphenols (such as in dietary supplements) as well as polyphenols in the form of derivatives (such as glycosides) with those in the form of aglycones. The second part of the paper discusses in detail the mechanisms (pathways) and the role of bacterial biotransformation of the most important groups of polyphenols, including the production of bioactive metabolites with a significant impact on the human organism (both positive and negative).

scholarly journals Threat or Corrective? Assessing the Impact of Populist Parties in Government on the Qualities of Democracy: A 19-Country Comparison

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Davide Vittori
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Quality Of Democracy ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
Country Comparison ◽  
Democratic Regimes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Scholars have long debated whether populism harms or improves the quality of democracy. This article contributes to this debate by focusing on the impact of populist parties in government. In particular, it inquires: (1) whether populists in government are more likely than non-populists to negatively affect the quality of democracies; (2) whether the role of populists in government matters; and (3) which type of populism is expected to negatively affect the quality of liberal-democratic regimes. The results find strong evidence that the role of populists in government affects several qualities of democracy. While robust, the findings related to (2) are less clear-cut than those pertaining to (1). Finally, regardless of their role in government, different types of populism have different impacts on the qualities of democracy. The results show that exclusionary populist parties in government tend to have more of a negative impact than other forms of populism.

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