scholarly journals BACKGROUND TO DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE OF KYIV CITY AGGLOMERATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
I. Savchuk
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Urban Agglomeration ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Ownership Of Land ◽  
The Cost

The role of prerequisites in the development of the transport infrastructure of the capital of Ukraine is revealed. The author formulated methodological approaches to them. A comprehensive geographical description of the prerequisites for the development of the transport infrastructure of the Kyiv city agglomeration was carried out. It has been established that the main limitations are economic factors, which is caused by the highest cost of land resources in Ukraine precisely within this urban agglomeration. Natural factors continue to play a significant role only when carrying out specific prospecting for laying various types of infrastructure objects within it. There are new factors in the functioning and development of transport infrastructure. These include, first of all, the formation of united territorial communities. Their boundaries should be brought to life and their socio-economic development plans and spatial schemes should be developed. Thus, it is necessary to take into account local needs in the development of transport infrastructure with the general needs of the entire Kyiv city agglomeration. A significant role is played by the ownership of land. The concentration of land ownership in the hands of speculators and large developers leads to a sharp rise in the cost of the robot to acquire the necessary land for the construction of a new infrastructure. As a result, many new large residential areas do not have the necessary access roads and they are not connected to the citywide communications system. This leads to significant new problems for the solution of which it is necessary to coordinate new large-scale housing construction with the laying infrastructure. The main problem remains transport accessibility. Laying of highways to new buildings should be carried out at the expense of local budgets. However, there is often a conflict of interest between developers and local authorities. The latter do not want to invest substantial funds in the construction of roads and other types of infrastructure due to the fact that the cost of new relevant construction is much higher than the cost of housing built at the expense of borrowed funds. Thus, the existing suburban transport infrastructure takes on an ever-increasing stream of new daily commuter migrants. As a result, the quality of services provided drops sharply. This leads to a deterioration in the quality of life throughout the urban agglomeration.

scholarly journals The Impact of Transport on International Trade Development

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duško Pavlović ◽  
Božica Radoš
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact

AbstractInternational trade implies transport of specific quantity of goods to (frequently) large distances, the success of which depends on the safety and speed of delivery. These are greatly conditioned by the quality of means of transport and infrastructure. This is why international trade development is affected by transport, and the development of means of transport and infrastructure is, to a great extent, influenced by demand for international delivery of various commodities. This paper looks at the interdependence of international trade and transport, showing how transport played a very significant role in international trade development in the past as it does today, commensurate to the role of international trade in the development of carriers and transport infrastructure.

scholarly journals The Role of the Visual Aesthetic Quality of Public Space in Appropriation Processes of Large-Scale Residential Areas = Lielmēroga dzīvojamo rajonu publiskās ārtelpas vizuāli estētiskās kvalitātes nozīme tās izmantošanas procesos

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Agnese Kusmane ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Aesthetic Quality ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Spatial Quality ◽  
The Impact

Agnese Kusmane's (Mg.art.) Doctoral thesis “The Role of the Visual Aesthetic Quality of Public Space in Appropriation Processes of Large-Scale Residential Areas” is based on the topicality of the theme: residents' dissatisfaction with the quality of public space in large-scale residential areas being one of the most important aspects of topicality. The aim of the work is to evaluate the impact of the visual aesthetic quality of public space on the intensity of its appropriation in large-scale residential areas and provide landscape and building architects with the methodological framework for the reconstruction of public spaces in these areas. In order to achieve the aim of the thesis, the following tasks have been carried out: environmental psychology findings on aesthetic quality evaluation connecting metric values, configurational components and space-forming elements have been compiled, creating Matrix of Visual Aesthetic Quality of Space; brief overviews of the history and current state of large-scale residential areas in Riga and Berlin has been provided; a semi-structured interview method has been developed and applied for the study of spatial quality assessment of residents in three large-scale residential areas of Riga, amending the Matrix with data obtained through the semi-structured interviews; the relation between the intensity of public space appropriation and the landscape design and spatial organization in Berlin residential areas has been studied with the observation methods, controlling and refining the Matrix of Visual Aesthetic Quality of Space; a method for measuring spatial quality based on the Matrix has been developed. Several methods have been used in the work, including the monographic, semi-structured interview, deduction, participatory observation. There are four chapters in the work. The first chapter analyses the literature dedicated to the research of spatial quality, its impact on the intensity of outdoor appropriation. Based on the findings of environmental psychology, a category-based initial version of the Matrix of Visual Aesthetic Quality of Space is developed. The Matrix correlates the assessment of the visual aesthetic quality of the public space and the expected intensity of appropriation. The first chapter concludes with the development of methodological steps aimed at improving and refining the Matrix. The second chapter examines large-scale residential areas of Riga and Berlin from a historical and contemporary perspective. The demographic characteristics of the population are also considered. In the second chapter, it is concluded that residential areas of Riga and Berlin are compatible for studying the impact of public visual aesthetic quality on the intensity of its appropriation, and the data can be converted into the Matrix. In the third chapter, the assessment of public space quality is performed through the initial version of the Matrix, finding out which spatial categories are represented in large-scale residential areas in Riga and Berlin. Further, semi-structured interviews are conducted in residential areas of Riga on the relation between the aesthetic quality of public space and the expected intensity of appropriation, the interview data are included in the Matrix, improving it. At the end of the chapter, observations are carried out focused on relation between the visual aesthetic quality of public space and the intensity of appropriation in Berlin; the obtained data is integrated into the Matrix of Visual Aesthetic Quality of Space, specifying it. The fourth chapter discusses the findings of the work on the relationship between the assessment of the visual aesthetic quality of the public space and the intensity of its appropriation. At the beginning of the chapter, the relation between the metric values, configurational components and space-forming elements of different spatial categories included in the Matrix and the intensity of outdoor appropriation is analysed in detail. Further, the chapter discusses the role of the blue-green structure in the context of public space appropriation forecasting. The fourth chapter concludes with methodological recommendations for the application of the Matrix of Visual esthetic Quality of Space. The paper concludes that the intensity of outdoor appropriation can be most accurately predicted in outdoor areas dominated by blue-green structure. The thesis consists of 172 pages. The thesis includes 30 tables, 80 figures, 3 appendices and 372 sources.

scholarly journals SOIL MANAGEMENT IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT: TODAY AND FUTURE

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Bogdan Stanescu ◽  
Adriana Cuciureanu
Keyword(s):  
Performance Management ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Residential Areas

The present article presents the expertise realized by the Department of Environmental Monitoring Pollution Evaluation within the INCD ECOIND, in the evaluation of the quality of urban soils in the municipality of Bucharest and the main big cities in Romania. The current data available at the level of the 27 member states of the European Union show that annually over 100,000 hectares of land are introduced into the urban environment, a direct consequence of the development of cities. There are a number of legislative obstacles to strategic soil protection measures. Moreover, at the level of the local authorities there is a conflict regarding the measures of soil protection in the long term, on the one hand, and, the accelerated economic development in the short term, on the other. European environmental experts consider that the urban development, absolutely necessary for the economic growth, requires an adequate management of the natural resources in order for the development to be done on a sustainable basis, respectively to follow a series of strategic objectives. In our country, at least in the last decade, we find on a large scale the conversion of industrial areas into commercial or residential areas. The footprint of industrial activities can be found even after long periods of time present by identifying the remnant of soil pollution or in those areas known as historically polluted (for example the town of Copsa Mica). The conclusions stemming from the assessment of pollution in urban areas over large areas, in correlation with the potential sources of pollution, underline the need to monitor the quality of soils in the urban environment, but also to apply a performance management in order to protect this natural resource in the long term.

scholarly journals Next Generation Architect

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Terian Le Compte
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Design Quality ◽  
Building Information Modelling ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Cost Implications ◽  
The Cost

<p>The stereotype of an architect is expensive, with minimal consideration and awareness towards cost and budget. This is damaging the reputation of the profession. This thesis will look at the Next Generation Architect who combines both design and construction to understand the cost implications from the start to the completion of the project. A Next Generation Architect works with an innovative approach that is more affordable to how they currently practice. They design houses that are both economical and retain a strong design quality, through the value of the aesthetics, materials, and living conditions. An effective architect should be able to design, mindful of costs, along with the implications involved and actively manage the costs, based on design decisions made.  This research will commence by exploring tactics of affordability, housing economics, and costing and design tactics, to portray exemplars of affordable housing. Elements will be costed with data from QV costbuilder implemented through the use of Building information modelling (BIM) through Revit. The architectural value will explore the use of materials, living conditions, economics, and lifecycle to optimise the design. A series of precedents will be analysed to gain an understanding of the techniques of affordable methods used within New Zealand’s construction industry.  This thesis aims to provide architecturally designed and preliminarily costed affordable architectural products. Through a series of architecturally designed standalone houses that explore affordability, and tested through the use of architecture as a product across four sites, displaying different site conditions of the Wellington region.  This thesis will portray efficient, economic building and design techniques and cost monitoring while retaining a strong architectural quality.  The aim is to convey the contemporary role of a Next Generation Architect who works accurately with value. Who is mindful of costs and designs economically, without compromising the quality of an architecturally designed product.</p>

scholarly journals How ‘Networked’ are Online Collaborative Concept-Maps? Introducing Metrics for Quantifying and Comparing the ‘Networkedness’ of Collaboratively Constructed Content

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Noa Sher ◽  
Carmel Kent ◽  
Sheizaf Rafaeli
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Concept Maps ◽  
Quality Measures ◽  
Thought Process ◽  
Academic Settings ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Complex Phenomena

With the growing role of online multi-participant collaborations in shaping the academic, professional, and civic spheres, incorporating collaborative online practices in educational settings has become imperative. As more educators include such practices in their curricula, they are faced with new challenges. Assessment of collaborations, especially in larger groups, is particularly challenging. Assessing the quality of the collaborative “thought process” and its product is essential for both pedagogical and evaluative purposes. While traditional quantitative quality measures were designed for individual work or the aggregated work of individuals, capturing the complexity and the integrative nature of high-quality collaborative learning requires novel methodologies. Network analysis provides methods and tools that can identify, describe, and quantify non-linear and complex phenomena. This paper applies network analysis to the content created by students through large-scale online collaborative concept-mapping and explores how these can be applied for the assessment of the quality of a collective product. Quantitative network structure measures are introduced for this purpose. The application and the affordances of these metrics are demonstrated on data from six large-group online collaborative discussions from academic settings. The metrics presented here address the organization and the integration of the content and enable a comparison of collaborative discussions.

The role of the blue economy in Pomorskie Region

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Michał Graban
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Shipbuilding Industry ◽  
Maritime Economy ◽  
Cargo Handling ◽  
Passenger Ships ◽  
Blue Economy

The aim of this article is to discuss the role of the blue economy, also known as “blue growth”, as related to the traditional maritime economy in Pomorskie Region. The potential of the latter is comprised by transport infrastructure centres consisting mainly of two ports – in Gdańsk and Gdynia – with a fundamental role for the national economy. These ports in recent years have seen intensified growth as evidenced by their increased throughput – mainly in terms of containerized cargo volumes. The modern approach to the maritime economy is based not only on heavy, large-scale investment in the infrastructure and cargo handling capacities, but also on sustainable development related to sophisticated technology and energy saving. The importance of the latter has been highlighted by Pomorskie Region’s four Intelligent Specializations aimed at ensuring sustainable growth in the region. Although the maritime economy is the focus mainly of Intelligent Specialization No. 1 “Offshore, port and logistics technologies,” there is in fact a synergy effect which has led to establishing mutual relations between all intelligent specializations. This approach combines the shipbuilding industry with energy production and biotechnology through innovative solutions. Meanwhile, IT supports logistics and marine tourist helps modernize and revamp sea ports as well as stimulates Pomeranian shipyards to manufacture specialist ferries and passenger ships.

scholarly journals Modelling Socio-Environmental Sensitivities: How Public Responses to Low Carbon Energy Technologies Could Shape the UK Energy System

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brighid Moran Jay ◽  
David Howard ◽  
Nick Hughes ◽  
Jeanette Whitaker ◽  
Gabrial Anandarajah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Aversion ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Low Carbon Energy

Low carbon energy technologies are not deployed in a social vacuum; there are a variety of complex ways in which people understand and engage with these technologies and the changing energy system overall. However, the role of the public’s socio-environmental sensitivities to low carbon energy technologies and their responses to energy deployments does not receive much serious attention in planning decarbonisation pathways to 2050. Resistance to certain resources and technologies based on particular socio-environmental sensitivities would alter the portfolio of options available which could shape how the energy system achieves decarbonisation (the decarbonisation pathway) as well as affecting the cost and achievability of decarbonisation. Thus, this paper presents a series of three modelled scenarios which illustrate the way that a variety of socio-environmental sensitivities could impact the development of the energy system and the decarbonisation pathway. The scenarios represent risk aversion (DREAD) which avoids deployment of potentially unsafe large-scale technology, local protectionism (NIMBY) that constrains systems to their existing spatial footprint, and environmental awareness (ECO) where protection of natural resources is paramount. Very different solutions for all three sets of constraints are identified; some seem slightly implausible (DREAD) and all show increased cost (especially in ECO).

RACE-BASED CONSIDERATIONS AND THE OBAMA VOTE

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Karthick Ramakrishnan ◽  
Janelle Wong ◽  
Taeku Lee ◽  
Jane Junn
Keyword(s):  
Asian Americans ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Telephone Survey ◽  
Party Identification ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Poll Data

AbstractIn the 2008 presidential primaries, Barack Obama seemed to have a problem connecting with Asian American voters, as he lost heavily to Hillary Clinton in states such as California and New Jersey. Many speculated that race-based considerations played a significant role in Asian Americans' overwhelming support for Clinton over Obama, with conjectures built on a limited set of aggregate exit poll data from three states. Race may also have accounted for the high proportion of Asian Americans who in polls said they were undecided heading into the November election. In this article, we analyze the importance of race-based considerations in the Asian American vote, after controlling for other factors such as partisanship, issue preferences, age, and gender. We rely on the National Asian American Survey, a large-scale telephone survey of Asian American voters conducted mostly in the fall of 2008, with interviews in eight languages and with sizable numbers of respondents from the six largest national-origin groups. We find that race-based considerations do indeed help explain the Asian American vote in 2008. Respondents who failed to see political commonality between Asian Americans and Blacks were less likely to vote for Obama in the primary, although other factors, such as age and gender, played a more significant role. Finally, the role of race-based considerations paled in comparison to party identification and issue preferences in the general election, suggesting that election contexts can play an important role in shaping whether or not race is relevant to vote choice.

Desertification or Sustainable Yields from Arid Environments

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Cloudsley-Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Multinational Organizations ◽  
Ecological Principles ◽  
The Cost

Throughout their existence, civilized peoples have been turning their environment into desert. The causes of desertification are well known—overgrazing, the felling of trees for fuel, and bad agricultural practices. Their effects are apparent in disasters such as the Sahel drought and recent famines in Ethiopia, the Sudan, and elsewhere. The population explosion enhances the extent of the environmental degradation. More agricultural land is currently being lost through salinization and waterlogging than is being created by new irrigation schemes, but this is only part of a problem that faces all tropical third-world countries and for which multinational organizations and the affluent nations of temperate regions are, regrettably and often unknowingly, largely responsible.Because the poorer countries receive, for their agricultural products, cash of which the market value does not take into account the cost to the environment of overexploiting the land, they are apparently doomed to a vicious circle of increasing poverty, deprivation, and famine. Yet it is not beyond the abilities of civilization to devise a viable scheme, based upon sound ecological principles, by which the quality of life of desert peoples could be immeasurably improved. Instead of trying to change the land to make it conform to present economic and political expectations, development should be adapted to exploit the potentialities of the environment as it exists. Such a scheme, profiting from the diversity of microenvironments that occur in desert regions, would encompass multiple land-use and the development of numerous small agricultural and other projects—rather than the large-scale schemes hitherto initiated in fragile environments, and which have so often led to large-scale disaster. By adopting it, the world would simultaneously be made both more stable and more productive for the benefit of all its inhabitants.

scholarly journals Alur Pemasaran Jamur Merang di Desa Cirejag Kecamatan Jatisari Kabupaten Karawang

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Erfan Erfan ◽  
Jaenudin Jaenudin
Keyword(s):  
Marketing Channels ◽  
Purchase Price ◽  
Marketing Process ◽  
Product Stream ◽  
Marketing Costs ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Marketing Margins ◽  
Marketing Agency

Marketing agencies and marketing agencies perform their function in the product stream from the hands of producers to consumers who require the marketing costs. The size is determined by the cost of marketing functions that have been done by the respective marketing agencies, there is a difference allowing charges on any marketing process marketing agencies. The study aims to determine the marketing flow mushroom so obtained wars waged and marketing margins obtained each marketing agencies. The method used in this study is a survey, a sample of farmers by some 30 people of 120 population people and the way census of traders by 4 people, 4 people as many wholesalers and retailers by 12 people. The study was conducted from December 2012 to January 2013, the conclusions of this research are as follows: 1. Mushroom marketing channels at Cirejag village Jatisari district of Karawang Regency where one channel is from the manufacturer directly to consumers is the best marketing channels. This is due to the channels no additional marketing costs; 2. The role of the best marketing agencies and further enhance the value of the mushroom is the treatment of large traders, where sorting is done to sort out the treatment on the quality of the I and II quality adjusted on the size and cleanliness of the fungus itself; 3. The greatest marketing margins received marketing agency that collectors of Rp. 5,000. Because the purchase price is lower than non-farmers and additional marketing costs much less than the purchase price and the cost in marketing spend and wholesalers higher marketing margins obtained by Rp. 4,000

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